During that time he took a great part in the campaigns and negotiations which led to the Treaty of Paris in 1259, under which King Henry III of England recognized his loss of continental territory to France ( including Normandy, Maine, Anjou, and Poitou ) in exchange for France withdrawing support from English rebels.

Savoy would then serve as a gateway into France by way of the mountain passes or, alternatively, an invasion with naval support along the Mediterranean coast via Nice and Toulon in connection with redoubled Allied efforts in Spain.

In June 1145, Bernard traveled in southern France and his preaching there helped strengthen support against heresy.

Villeneuve came under scathing attack on his return to France for his failure to support Brueys during the battle.

Soon after the election 1993, Patassé became unpopular within the army, not least because of his inability to pay their wages ( partly due to economic mismanagement and partly because France suddenly ended its economic support for the soldiers ’ wages ).

The Military of the Central African Republic cannot – even with the support of France and the Multinational Force of the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa ( FOMUC )– exert control over its own borders.

France was however the first country to recognise Bozizé's government and during his time in power France has given logistic and intelligence support to the peace missions in the country.

Libya was previously one of the former president Patassé's closest allies, providing him with strong military support when he no longer trusted his own military or France.

At the end of the 1980s the South Africans did not wish to continue to support the mercenary regime and France was in agreement.

Charles V strongly favoured a council, but needed the support of King Francis I of France, who attacked him militarily.

Francis I generally opposed a general council due to partial support of the Protestant cause within France, and in 1533 he further complicated matters when suggesting a general council to include both Catholic and Protestant rulers of Europe that would devise a compromise between the two theological systems.

Many Continental or Traditionalist conservatives do not support separation of Church and state, with most supporting state recognition of and cooperation with the Catholic Church, such as had existed in France before the Revolution.

The Spanish Civil War ( 1936 – 1939 ) was exceptional because both sides of the war received support from intervening great powers: Germany, Italy, and Portugal supported opposition leader Francisco Franco, while France and Russia supported the government ( see proxy war ).

It demanded the release of the Kentish petitioners, who had asked Parliament to support the king in an imminent war against France.

Lincoln reported that after dinner Oxford spoke of the Queen's impending death, claiming that the peers of England should decide the succession, and suggested that since Lincoln had ' a nephew of the blood royal ... Lord Hastings ', he should be sent to France to find allies to support this aim.

As civil authority rapidly deteriorated, with random acts of violence and theft breaking out across the country, members of the nobility, fearing for their safety, fled to neighboring countries ; many of these émigrés, as they were called, funded counter-revolutionary causes within France and urged foreign monarchs to offer military support to a counter-revolution.

The United Kingdom and France support German ascension to the supreme body.

France provided additional financial support in January 1997 after Gabon had met IMF targets for mid-1996.

Unlike the situation in France, the goal was support of industrialisation, and so heavy lines crisscrossed the Ruhr and other industrial districts, and provided good connections to the major ports of Hamburg and Bremen.

The establishment of the Dual Alliance led Russia to take a more conciliatory stance, and in 1887, the so-called Reinsurance Treaty was signed between Germany and Russia: in it, the two powers agreed on mutual military support in the case that France attacked Germany, or in case of an Austrian attack on Russia.

( Ironically, the Protestant William had also enjoyed the support of the Pope and the Catholic Habsburg monarchy against the aggressive foreign policy of Louis XIV of France ).

After acquiring his PhD, Ebbinghaus moved around England and France, tutoring students to support himself.

But the royalist restoration had dire consequences: many veteran Venizelist officers were dismissed or left the army, while Italy and France found the return of the hated Constantine a useful pretext for switching their support to Kemal.

A Globescan BBC poll on the twentieth anniversary of the fall of the Berlin Wall ( 2009 ) found that 23 % of respondents believe capitalism is " fatally flawed and a different economic system is needed ", with that figure rising to over 40 % of the population in France ; while a majority of respondents including over 50 % of Americans believe capitalism " has problems that can be addressed through regulation and reform ".

State capitalism has also come to refer to an economic system where the means of production are owned privately but the state has considerable control over the allocation of credit and investment, as in the case of France during the period of dirigisme.

Revolutions in Britain in the 17th century and in France in 1789 abolished feudalism and established the basic requisites for the development of capitalism.

Although the developed countries ' governments differed in the type of capitalism they preferred for their national economies ( France, for example, preferred greater planning and state intervention ( dirigisme ), whereas the United States favored relatively limited state intervention ), all relied primarily on market mechanisms and private ownership of means of production.

When the Socialist Party was in power in France in the post-war period, some commentators claimed that France was a socialist country, although, as in the rest of Europe, the laws of capitalism still operated fully and private enterprises dominated their economy.

However, in recent years in France, the word is being increasingly used by proponents of laissez-faire capitalism and minarchists to describe themselves ; in reaction, ultra-libéral is a pejorative term aimed by a large section of the French left-wing against those whom they regard as having extreme capitalist views.

* 1993, with F. Trompenaars, The seven cultures of capitalism: value, systems for creating wealth in the United States, Britain, Japan, Germany, France, Sweden, and the Netherlands.

Most countries on continental Europe ( such as France, Italy and Germany ) possess a macroeconomic model called continental capitalism ( also called Rhine or Rhenan capitalism ).

The economic, political and social crises of contemporary France ˜— exclusion, immigration, unemployment, racism, etc .— and ( for some ) the notion that France has lost its sense of identity and international prestige — through the rise of American hegemony, the growth of Europe and of global capitalism ()— have created what some critics ( like Nancy Huston ) have seen as a new form of detached nihilism, reminiscent of the 50s and 60s ( Beckett, Cioran ).

There is a separate but also related tradition of the emergence of commerce and capitalism related to monastic estates in Italy and France and later the independent city republics of Italy during the late Middle Ages and into the early modern period.

We can force Britain and France out of the Suez, but we cannot so much as try to force the Russian tanks back from Budapest.

Today, his descendants can be found in many places outside of Afghanistan, such as in America, France, Germany, and even in Scandinavian countries such as Denmark and carry the surname of Ziyaee, which is itself a derivative of the King's title.

In a second agreement, France will provide technical assistance to Brazil so that Brazil can design and produce indigenous nuclear powered submarines, to be completely built in Brazil.

Cumin can be found in some Dutch cheeses, such as Leyden cheese, and in some traditional breads from France.

" " In France ", continued the count, " you can try to please the public, but here in Italy it is the actors and actresses whom you must consult, as well as the composer of the music and the stage decorators.

Subsequent events that can be traced to the Revolution include the Napoleonic Wars, two separate restorations of monarchy ( Bourbon Restoration and July Monarchy ), and two additional revolutions ( 1830 and 1848 ) as modern France took shape.

France also sets limits on the number of cartridges that can be purchased per year, depending on the purpose of the gun.

It can equally well be used for an action that took time, as long as it is conceived of as a unit, with a clearly defined start and end, such as " Last summer I visited France ".

The concept of Germany as a distinct region in central Europe can be traced to Roman commander Julius Caesar, who referred to the unconquered area east of the Rhine as Germania, thus distinguishing it from Gaul ( France ), which he had conquered.

In France, while the President cannot force the Prime Minister to tender the resignation of his government, he can, in practice, request it if the Prime Minister is from his own majority.

In France one can only have a jury trial when prosecuted for a crime, that is an offence for which one is liable to at least 15 years imprisonment ( for natural persons ) or a fine of 75000 € ( for juristic persons ).

France has received a single mandate from the Council of the League of Nations, but in the countries subject to that mandate, one can distinguish two distinct States: Syria and the Lebanon, each State possessing its own constitution and a nationality clearly different from the other.

" On the other hand Clement Greenberg called Immanuel Kant ( 1724 – 1804 ) " the first real Modernist ", though he also wrote, " What can be safely called Modernism emerged in the middle of the last century — and rather locally, in France, with Baudelaire in literature and Manet in painting, and perhaps with Flaubert, too, in prose fiction.

In Strange Defeat he clearly states his view that individuals can change events and he castigates the French government's refusal to trust its own officers in the field of battle, thus leading to the surrender of France to the Nazis.

Manatees can also be viewed in a number of European zoos, such as the Tierpark in Berlin, the Nuremberg Zoo, in Beaval Park Zoo in France and in the Aquarium of Genoa in Italy.

The Peace of Westphalia treaties involved the Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand III, of the House of Habsburg, the Kingdom of Spain, the Kingdom of France, the Swedish Empire, the Dutch Republic, the Princes of the Holy Roman Empire, and sovereigns of the free imperial cities and can be denoted by two major events.

For example in France, when his party controls the majority of seats in the National Assembly, the president can operate closely with the parliament and prime minister, and work towards a common agenda.

Thus, sometimes the president and prime minister can be allies, sometimes rivals ; the latter situation is known in France as cohabitation.

The history of Potsdamer Platz can probably be traced back to 29 October 1685, when the Tolerance Edict of Potsdam was signed, whereby Frederick William, Elector of Brandenburg-Prussia from 1640 to 1688, allowed large numbers of religious refugees, including Jews from Austria and Huguenots expelled from France, to settle on his territory.

He can also give an address in front of the Congress of France in Versailles.

A number of previously neutral words used by the Nazis have later taken on negative connotations in German ( e. g. or ); while in many contexts is not one of them ( Frankreich, France ; Römisches Reich, Roman Empire ), it can imply German imperialism or strong nationalism if it is used to describe a political or governmental entity.

The modern restaurant originated in 18th century France, although precursors can be traced back to Roman times.

Numerous noble Russian and Ruthenian families claim a male-line descent from Rurik, and via Anne of Kiev, wife of Henry I of France, Rurikid ancestry can also be argued for numerous Western European lineages.

In his speech " Restatement of Policy on Germany ", made in Stuttgart on September 6, 1946, United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes stated the U. S. motive in detaching the Saar from Germany: " The United States does not feel that it can deny to France, which has been invaded three times by Germany in 70 years, its claim to the Saar territory ".