In Greek mythology, Achilles (, Akhilleus, ) was a Greek hero of the Trojan War, the central character and the greatest warrior of Homer's Iliad.

He is a character in Greek mythology and is mentioned in Homer's Iliad, and receives full treatment in Roman mythology as the legendary founder of what would become Ancient Rome, most extensively in Virgil's Aeneid.

He is a significant figure in Homer's Iliad and is also mentioned in the Odyssey and Virgil's Aeneid.

He plays an important role in Homer's Iliad and in the Epic Cycle, a series of epic poems about the Trojan War.

In Homer's Iliad he is described as of great stature, colossal frame and strongest of all the Achaeans.

In Homer's Iliad, when Alcmene was about to give birth to Heracles, Zeus announced to all the gods that on that day a child, descended from Zeus himself, would be born who would rule all those around him.

The Achaeans (, Akhaioí ) is one of the collective names used for the Greeks in Homer's Iliad ( used 598 times ) and Odyssey.

In Homer's Iliad, the horses of the Myrmidons graze on wild celery that grows in the marshes of Troy, and in Odyssey, there is mention of the meadows of violet and wild celery surrounding the cave of Calypso.

Cerberus featured in many prominent works of Greek and Roman literature, most famously in Virgil's Aeneid, Peisandros of Rhodes ' epic poem the Labours of Hercules, the story of Orpheus in Plato's Symposium, and in Homer's Iliad, which is the only known reference to one of Heracles ' labours which first appeared in a literary source.

The premier examples of its use are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey and Virgil's Aeneid.

The other Strife is presumably she who appears in Homer's Iliad Book IV ; equated with Enyo as sister of Ares and so presumably daughter of Zeus and Hera:

* Homer's Iliad at Gutenberg ( there are many different translations at Gutenberg )

His work lent weight to the idea that Homer's Iliad and Virgil's Aeneid reflect actual historical events.

" Samuel Butler argues, based on literary observations, that a young Sicilian woman wrote the Odyssey ( but not the Iliad ), an idea further pursued by Robert Graves in his novel Homer's Daughter and Andrew Dalby in Rediscovering Homer.

From Homer's Odyssey, the Iliad, and some Attic vase paintings, we know that Hephaestus was born of the union of Zeus and Hera.

* 68 – Roman Emperor Nero commits suicide, after quoting Homer's Iliad, thus ending the Julio-Claudian Dynasty and starting the civil year known as the Year of the Four Emperors.

The importance of this can be seen throughout Greek mythology — in particular, Homer's Iliad and Odyssey.

A report by the Greek writer Dio Chrysostom ( c. 40-c. 120 CE ) about Homer's poetry being sung even in India seems to imply that the Iliad had been translated into Sanskrit.

Minos appears in Greek literature as the king of Knossos as early as Homer's Iliad and Odyssey.

After the Bible, the next best preserved ancient work is Homer's Iliad, with 650 copies originating about 1, 000 years after the original copy.

In Homer's Odyssey, Odysseus crawls beneath two shoots of olive that grow from a single stock, and in the Iliad, ( XVII. 53ff ) is a metaphoric description of a lone olive tree in the mountains, by a spring ; the Greeks observed that the olive rarely thrives at a distance from the sea, which in Greece invariably means up mountain slopes.

Odysseus also plays a key role in Homer's Iliad and other works in the Epic Cycle.

Examples of epic poems are Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, Virgil's Aeneid, the Nibelungenlied, Luís de Camões ' Os Lusíadas, the Cantar de Mio Cid, the Epic of Gilgamesh, the Mahabharata, Valmiki's Ramayana, Ferdowsi's Shahnama, Nizami ( or Nezami )' s Khamse ( Five Books ), and the Epic of King Gesar.

In the seventh century BC, Hesiod, both in his Theogony ( briefly, without naming Pandora outright, line 570 ) and in Works and Days, gives the earliest literary version of the Pandora story ; however, there is an older mention of jars or urns containing blessings and evils bestowed upon mankind in Homer's Iliad:

Homer's Iliad describes Greek and Trojan soldiers offering rewards of wealth to enemies who have defeated them on the battlefield in exchange for mercy, but this is not always accepted.

In Homer's Odyssey ( Book 9 ), Odysseus lands on the Island of the Cyclopes during his journey home from the Trojan War.

According to a legend, when Phidias was asked what inspired him — whether he climbed Mount Olympus to see Zeus, or whether Zeus came down from Olympus so that Pheidias could see him — the artist answered that he portrayed Zeus according to Book One, verses 528 – 530 of Homer's Iliad:

They appear in Homer's Iliad in Book 9 as the lame and wrinkled daughters of Zeus ( no mother named and no number given ) who follow after Zeus ' exiled daughter Até (' Folly ') as healers but who cannot keep up with the fast-running Até.

A " mythical " people also named Cimmerians are described in Book 11, 14 of Homer's Odyssey as living beyond the Oceanus, in a land of fog and darkness, at the edge of the world and the entrance of Hades.

He is also mentioned in Homer's Iliad ; Book 2 describes his exile on the island of Lemnos, his wound by snake-bite, and his eventual recall by the Greeks.

* Nissus of Dulichium, son of Aretias, father of Amphinomus, in Book 18 of Homer's Odyssey

The story of Pero is mentioned in Book XI of Homer's Odyssey.

Axylus ( Ἄξυλος ) is mentioned in Book VI of Homer's Iliad.

He is mentioned in Book VI of Homer's Iliad where he is killed by Diomedes.

The title is taken from William Cowper's translation of Book II of Homer's Iliad: " The vulture's maw / Shall have his carcase, and the dogs his bones.

* Thomas Tickell-The First Book of Homer's Iliad

The title derives from Book XI of Homer's The Odyssey, wherein Agamemnon speaks to Odysseus: " As I lay dying, the woman with the dog's eyes would not close my eyes as I descended into Hades.

Ekphrasis may be encountered as early as the days of Aphthonius ' Progymnasmata, his textbook of style, in Virgil's Aeneid when he describes what Aeneas sees engraved on the doors of Carthage's temple of Juno, or Homer's going to great lengths in the Iliad, Book 18, describing the Shield of Achilles, exactly how Hephaestus made it as well as its completed shape.

Thrinakia ( Greek: Θρινακία ), also Trinacria or Thrinacie, mentioned in Book 11 of Homer's Odyssey, is the island home of Helios's cattle, guarded by his eldest daughter, Lampetia.

Ogygia ( Greek: ; Ogygiē / Ogygia ), is an island mentioned in Homer's Odyssey, Book V, as the home of the nymph Calypso, the daughter of the Titan Atlas, also known as Atlantis ( Ατλαντίς ) in ancient Greek.

In Homer's Iliad, the Leleges are allies of the Trojans ( 10. 429 ), though they do not appear in the formal catalogue of allies in Book II of the Iliad, and their homeland is not specified.

Dione () was a Greek goddess primarily known as the mother of Aphrodite in Book V of Homer's Iliad.

In the Simpsons book The Book of Homer, one of Homer's bottom 40 things is not hearing " Mr. Roboto " on the radio enough.

The inner circle in Greek, has a quote from Homer's Odyssey Book 18. 136-7: " τοῖος γὰρ νόος ἐστὶν ἐπιχθονίων ἀνθρώπων οἷον ἐπ ᾽ ἦμαρ ἄγησι πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε " (" The mind of men who live on the earth is such as the day the father of gods and men brings upon them.

He is mentioned in Book 18 of Homer's Odyssey, and is described as the " destroyer of all mortals " by Antinous ( one of the suitors ).

Homer's acts include giving hobos his old clothes, giving Lenny a photo cube, giving Marge the last pork chop ( causing her to break down in tears of joy ) and building a skating rink in the Simpsons ' backyard ( to the delight of Comic Book Guy ).

In Homer's dream, Homer has the role of King Solomon who, according to the Books of Kings and Book of Chronicles was a King of Israel, as well as one of the 48 prophets according to the Talmud.

According to Jaynes, the older portions of the Old Testament ( such as the Book of Amos ) have few or none of the features of some later books of the Old Testament ( such as Ecclesiastes ) as well as later works such as Homer's Odyssey, which show indications of a profoundly different kind of mentality — an early form of consciousness.