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PAL and countries
Due to its NTSC-only design it did not find a market in countries that used the PAL standard, such as in Europe.
For 4: 3 aspect-ratio broadcasts, the 640 × 480 format is used in NTSC countries, while 720 × 576 is used in PAL countries.
For 16: 9 broadcasts, the 720 × 480 format is used in NTSC countries, while 720 × 576 is used in PAL countries.
However, with the fall of communism, and following a period when multi-standard TV sets became a commodity, many Eastern European countries decided to switch to PAL.
Other countries, notably the United Kingdom and Italy, briefly experimented with SECAM before opting for PAL.
At a later stage, countries where both PAL and SECAM signals were available ( notably the Middle East, hence the Acronym " Middle East SECAM "), developed a cheap method of converting PAL VHS machines to record SECAM signals also using the PAL circuitry.
Since some countries in the Middle East use PAL and others use SECAM, the region has adopted a shortcut, and uses the PAL mixer-down converter approach for both PAL and SECAM.
Reducing the costs of running television stations is one reason for some countries ' recent switchovers to PAL.
Most TVs currently sold in SECAM countries support both SECAM and PAL, and more recently composite video NTSC as well ( though not usually broadcast NTSC, that is, they cannot accept a broadcast signal from an antenna ).
Camcorders and VCRs of these standards sold in SECAM countries are internally PAL.
, most of the VHS tapes being produced are 6 and 8 hour ( EP mode ) blank tapes in NTSC countries, and 4 hour ( SP mode ) tapes in PAL countries.
The film has been released on video in its entirety in various European, Latin American, and Asian countries — in the UK it was released on PAL VHS tape in 1982 and again in 1991, and in Japan ( where under Japanese copyright law it is in the public domain ) it appeared on NTSC VHS, BETA and laserdisc with subtitles, while a NTSC laserdisc was bootlegged in Hong Kong from the UK PAL videotape.
In some countries these localized IIe's also support 50 Hz PAL video instead of the standard 60 Hz NTSC video and the different 220 / 240 volt power of that region.
* IEC 169-2 connector, also called Belling Lee connector or PAL, used throughout Europe and some other countries for domestic television installations and as FM connector for radio.
From at least the late-1970s until 2007, this was the only version " officially " available from the rights holders in the UK, and has been widely available via home video and television screenings, both in the UK and elsewhere ( in countries using PAL or SECAM video systems, it runs to 89m exactly ).
Most European countries are fully covered by digital television and many have switched off PAL / SECAM services.

PAL and card
An equivalent of the " PAL color card " for the earlier Apple II europlus model was integrated into the motherboard of these IIes, so that color graphics are available without the addition of a slot card.
A PAL colour card was also available.
The majority of Hauppauge HVR models capture analogue PAL and DVB-T but there have been some more recent models which capture analogue NTSC and ATSC as well as a tri-mode card which supports analogue PAL, DVB-S and DVB-T.
The North American and PAL versions of the cartridge do not have a built in save feature ; all saved games are stored on a memory card ( the " Controller Pak ") attached to the Nintendo 64's controller.

PAL and was
Tridgell was also a leader in hacking the TiVo to make it work in Australia, which uses the PAL video format.
It was not released in PAL markets.
The support of overscan, interlacing and genlocking capabilities, and the fact that the display timing was very close to broadcast standards ( NTSC or PAL ), made the Amiga the first ideal computer for video purposes, and indeed, it was used in many studios for digitizing video data ( sometimes called frame-grabbing ), subtitling and interactive video news.
Located in London, UK, Square Europe was granted exclusive publishing rights in Europe and other PAL territories for all interactive entertainment titles developed by Square.
NTSC was considered undesirable in Europe because of its tint problem requiring an additional control, which SECAM and PAL solved.
The joke was that " SECAM " stood for " Something exceedingly Contrary to the American Method " versus NTSC " Never Twice the Same Color " whilst " Peace At Last " or " Perfection At Last " could only be obtained through the PAL system.
PAL was developed by Telefunken, a German company, and in the post-war De Gaulle era there would have been much political resistance to dropping a French-developed system and adopting a German-developed one instead.
A specific stamp was added on the deck " PAL + SECAM ".
It was distributed under the name Sega Super 32X in Japan, Sega Genesis 32X in North America, Sega Mega Drive 32X in the PAL region, and Sega Mega 32X in Brazil.
For obscure reasons a mere handful of copies of these games are known to be in circulation — with T-Mek being so scarce that until a copy surfaced on eBay in late 2005, it was widely held that the PAL release was only a rumor.
In the case of modern television receivers, no other technique was able to produce the precise bandpass characteristic needed for vestigial sideband reception, similar to that used in the NTSC system approved by the U. S. Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) in 1953, and the PAL system approved by the BBC in 1957.
Although there was no full-scale PAL region release of the system, imported PC Engine consoles were largely available in France and Benelux through major retailers thanks to the unlicensed importer Sodipeng ( Société de Distribution de la PC Engine, a subsidiary of Guillemot International ).< ref >
One advantage to using monochrome video is that different colour broadcast standards ( e. g. PAL, NTSC ) simply weren't an issue when the system was sold outside the UK.
When the show returned in 1970, it was recorded the same way only in colour in PAL 576i ( using 625 lines ).
The monochrome 405-line standard remained in place until 1985 in some areas, and it was three decades until the introduction of the 625-line system in 1964 and ( PAL ) colour in 1967.
352x240 and 352x288 ( or SIF ) resolution was chosen because it is half the vertical, and half the horizontal resolution of NTSC and PAL video, respectively.
For the VHS SP mode, which already uses a lower tape speed than the compact cassette, this resulted in a mediocre frequency response of roughly 100 Hz to 10 kHz for NTSC ; frequency response for PAL VHS with its lower standard tape speed was somewhat worse.
ObjectPAL was the successor to PAL, which was the Paradox for DOS programming language.

PAL and popular
This created a market for multi-system TVs and multi-system VCRs which could display or play both PAL and NTSC materials in addition to SECAM materials ( which were never popular in Hong Kong ).
This showed a divergence in popular video game music between PAL and NTSC countries that still shows to this day.
However, the lower refresh rate of PAL / SECAM introduces more flicker, so sets that use digital technology to double the refresh rate to 100 Hz are now very popular.
The PAL Assembler by Brad Templeton was also popular.

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