Following its emergence, the Polish nation was led by a series of rulers who converted the population to Christianity, created a strong kingdom and integrated Poland into the European culture.

In order to justify the Western Allies ' alliance with the Soviet Union, the series misportrayed or simply omitted many facts, which could have cast doubts on the " good guy " status of the Soviets, such as the Nazi-Soviet alliance, Soviet invasion of Poland ; Soviet occupation of the Baltic States, Winter War and others.

Following the successful defense of Vienna in 1683 led by King of Poland John III Sobieski, a series of campaigns resulted in the return of all of Hungary to Austrian control by the Treaty of Carlowitz in 1699.

* Henryk Piecuch, Brudne gry: ostatnie akcje Służb Specjalnych ( seria: Tajna Historia Polski ) Games: the Last Special Services Operations (" Secret History of Poland " series ), Warsaw, Agencja Wydawnicza CB, 1998.

Spurred on by a series of seminars in Poland in 1926 by Łukasiewicz that advocated a more natural treatment of logic, Jaśkowski made the earliest attempts at defining a more natural deduction, first in 1929 using a diagrammatic notation, and later updating his proposal in a sequence of papers in 1934 and 1935.

* Agent, version of The Mole ( TV series ) that aired in Poland on TVN

A series of novels by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski on the history of Poland popularized the country's history after it had lost its independence in the Partitions of Poland.

However, unrest at home and defeat on the Western Front forced Germany to abandon these favorable terms in favor of the Treaty of Versailles, by which the newly acquired eastern territories were agreed to sacrifice the land to Lithuania, Poland, and new nations such as Estonia or Latvia, and a series of short-lived independent states in Ukraine.

The series was broadcast in other countries: Netherlands ( 26 January 1972 ), Poland ( 13 February 1972 ), USA ( 13 February 1972 ) Belgium ( 7 September 1973 ) Greece ( autumn 1974 ) and Australia on the Australian Broadcasting Corporation ( premiering in Melbourne at 8pm Sunday 10 October 1971, and again in 1978 ).

After the end of World War II, a series of violent anti-Semitic incidents occurred throughout Europe, particularly in the Soviet-liberated East, where most of the returning Jews came back after liberation by the Allied Powers, and where the Nazi propagandists had extensively promoted the notion of a Jewish-Communist conspiracy ( see Anti-Jewish violence in Poland, 1944 – 1946 and Anti-Jewish violence in Eastern Europe, 1944 – 1946 ).

Since 1988, Kim Pyong-il has served in a series of North Korean embassies in Europe and is the North Korean ambassador to Poland.

A series of repressions spread throughout the Cossack Hetmanate along with claims that Mazepa had deserted to the Swedes in order to subjugate Ukraine to Poland, provide Unia, and root Orthodoxy out of Ukraine.

However he was drawn back into politics by a series of democratic rebellions across Europe in Belgium, France and Poland.

The series subsequently launched on TV in Germany, France, Éire, Iceland, Portugal, Scandinavia, Poland, South Africa, Turkey and Korea.

The following year Władysław took part in the second phase of the Polish – Ottoman War, a consequence of the long series of struggles between Poland and the Ottomans over Moldavia.

The series shares most of the locations in Dunnett's earlier series, the Lymond Chronicles, but it extends much further geographically to take in the important urban centres of Bruges, Venice, Florence, Geneva, and the Hanseatic League ; Burgundy, Flanders, and Poland ; Iceland ; the Iberian Peninsula and Madeira ; the Black Sea cities of Trebizond and Caffa ; Persia ; the Mediterranean islands of Cyprus and Rhodes ; Egypt and the Sinai Peninsula ; and West Africa and the city of Timbuktu.

Since its establishment, more member states have joined through a series of accession treaties, from the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway in 1972 ( though Norway did not end up joining ), Greece in 1979, Spain and Portugal 1985, Austria, Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1994 ( though again Norway failed to join, because of lack of support in the referendum ), the Czech Republic, Cyprus, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia in 2004, and Romania and Bulgaria in 2007.

In Poland the series was broadcast under the local title Życie Na Fali on TVN in 2006 and 2007 in a daytime block from Monday to Friday at 2: 00 p. m. with single episodes attracting up to a million viewers.

He was succeeded by his son, Bogdan III the One-Eyed ( 1504 – 1517 ) whose reign was troubled by a long series of military conflicts with Poland and Wallachia.

*" The March " refers to a series of death marches during the final stages of World War II in Europe when over 80, 000 Allied PoWs were force-marched westward across Poland, Czechoslovakia and Germany in winter conditions, lasting about four months from January to April 1945.

This series was also broadcasted in Czechoslovakia and Poland during the mid and late 1980's-both dubbings were made ( Czech dubbing and Slovak dubbing )

The second series featured " MS13 " from El Salvador, neo-Nazis in Russia, football hooligans in Poland, American " Bloods " and " Crips " gangs in St. Louis, and the Numbers gang in South Africa.

The settlement in today's Poland may correspond to the introduction of Scandinavian burial traditions, such as the stone circles and the stelae especially common on the island of Gotland and other parts of southern Sweden.

A common estimate is that over 300, 000 people in Poland are of the Kashubian ethnicity.

Masurians showed considerable support for the Polish uprising in 1831, and maintained many contacts with Russian-held areas of Poland beyond the border of Prussia, the areas being connected by common culture and language ; before the uprising people visited each other's country fairs and much trade took placw, with smuggling also widespread Some early writers about Masurians-like Max Toeppen-postulated them as mediators between German and Slav cultures.

However Mazur remains the 14th most common surname in Poland with almost 67, 000 people bearing the name.

It also is part of the Visegrad Four ( Slovakia, Hungary, Czech Republic, and Poland ), a forum for discussing areas of common concern.

Maces were very common in eastern Europe, especially medieval Poland, Ukraine and Russia.

In common with other European countries, the most frequent and most popular form of theatre in Poland is dramatic theatre, based on the existence of relatively stable artistic companies.

The deeply-rooted belief common in the German aristocracy was that the Eastern territories, populated predominantly by Poles and partly absorbed by Prussia in partitions of Poland, but taken from the German Empire after World War I, should be colonized as the Teutonic Knights had done in the Middle Ages.

It is protected by law in all countries where it occurs, and is thought to be extremely rare to endangered in the Netherlands, Belgium and Luxembourg and vulnerable in Spain and Poland but common elsewhere.

* In Albania, Belgium, Bosnia, Estonia, France, Finland, Hungary, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia and much of Latin Europe as well as French Canada: 1 234 567, 89 ( In Spain, in handwriting it is also common to use an upper comma: 1. 234. 567 ' 89 )

Though the word " voivodeship " ( other spellings are " voievodship " and " voivodship ") appears in English dictionaries such as the OED and Webster's, it is not in common general usage, and voivodeships in Poland and elsewhere are frequently referred to as " provinces ".

Before F. Sozzini's arrival in Poland there had been a wide range of positions from the total otherworldiness, common property, and withdrawal from the state of Marcin Czechowic of Lublin through to the advocacy of military service by Symon Budny.

At the subsequent meeting of the Inter-Allied Council in St. James ' Palace in London on 24 September 1941, the governments of Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Greece, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, the Soviet Union, Yugoslavia, and representatives of General Charles de Gaulle, leader of the Free French, unanimously adopted adherence to the common principles of policy set forth in the Atlantic Charter.

On July 25, 1939, just five weeks before Hitler's invasion of Poland, the Polish General Staff's Cipher Bureau shared its Enigma-decryption methods and equipment with the French and British as the Poles ' contribution to the common defense against Nazi Germany.

Due to availability of ingredients and easy production process it was also the most common explosive material manufactured by the Polish Underground State in occupied Poland during World War II ; it was used for production of the R wz.

Matura or a similar term ( Matur, Maturita, Maturità, Maturität, Mатура ) is the common name for the high-school exit exam or " maturity exam " in various countries, including Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Macedonia, Montenegro, Poland, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia and Switzerland, as well as among Ukrainian émigrés.

* Kompot — the punch-like fruit drink common since 1300 in Eastern Europe ( especially Bosnia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, Poland, Russia, Serbia, Slovenia and Ukraine )

The term buttermilk also refers to a range of fermented milk drinks, common in warm climates ( e. g., Middle East, Pakistan, India, and the Southern United States ) where unrefrigerated fresh milk otherwise sours quickly, as well as in colder climates such as Germany, Poland, Scandinavia and the Netherlands.

It is also becoming increasingly common in the UK for some pubs to use satellite decoder cards from Greece, Norway, Poland or the Arab world to receive satellite TV broadcasting live English football matches from those countries.

Shortages of food products were common in Poland at that time, but food rations also served another purpose.

This common isolation and interest in revision in Poland led to a natural sympathy between Russia and Germany.

Thus many common "- ish " forms have irregular demonyms, e. g. Britain / British / Briton ; Denmark / Danish / Dane ; England / English / Englishman ; Finland / Finnish / Finn ; Flanders / Flemish / Fleming ; Ireland / Irish / Irishman ; Kurdistan / Kurdish / Kurd ; Poland / Polish / Pole ; Scotland / Scottish / Scot ; Spain / Spanish / Spaniard ; Sweden / Swedish / Swede ; Turkey / Turkish / Turk.

It is one of the most common medical procedures performed on women, and although its routine use in childbirth has steadily declined in recent decades, it is still widely practised in many parts of the world including Latin America, Poland, Bulgaria, India and Taiwan.

Although Poland stated it would only oppose this if other countries raised an objection, reports of opposition from Denmark, the Netherlands and Spain ensured that the common position was not on the agenda for that meeting of the Commission.