* 12 June 1814 – 3 October 1814 José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia y Velasco ( 2nd time ); he stayed on as " supreme dictator " 3 October 1814 – 20 September 1840 ( from 6 June 1816 styled " perpetual supreme dictator ")

Guatemala gained independence from Spain on September 15, 1821 ; it briefly became part of the Mexican Empire and then for a period belonged to a federation called The United Provinces of Central America, until the federation broke up in civil war in 1838 – 1840 ( See: History of Central America ).

The opera, given in September 1840, was a flop and he fell into despair and vowed to give up musical composition forever.

* Un giorno di regno, 5 September 1840

Confusion overtook the state in the aftermath of Francia's death on September 20, 1840, because El Supremo, now ' El Difunto ' ( the Dead One ), had left no successor.

Thomas Nast ( September 27, 1840 – December 7, 1902 ) was a German-born American caricaturist and editorial cartoonist who is considered to be the " Father of the American Cartoon ".

* September 16 – Edward Whymper, British explorer ( b. 1840 )

* September 9 – Ernest Roland Wilberforce, English bishop ( b. 1840 )

* September 29 – Émile Zola, French author ( b. 1840 )

* September 2 – Henry Austin Dobson, English poet ( born 1840 )

* September 10 – Wilfrid Scawen Blunt, English poet ( b. 1840 )

* September 5 – Caspar David Friedrich, German artist ( d. 1840 )

* September 9 – Alexander Nasmyth, Scottish portrait and landscape painter ( d. 1840 )

* September 10 – Hannah Webster Foster, U. S. novelist ( d. 1840 )

* September 23 – Emperor Kokaku of Japan ( d. 1840 )

Conditions in the auditorium, too, could be frustrating for the opera lover, as Mary Shelley discovered in September 1840:

Émile François Zola (; 2 April 1840 – 29 September 1902 ) was a French writer, the most important exemplar of the literary school of naturalism and an important contributor to the development of theatrical naturalism.

Hanapepe was one of the locations visited by the United States Exploring Expedition under Charles Wilkes ; the expedition arrived in Hawaii in late September, 1840, and spent some time in the islands.

About 50 meetings were held from February to September 1840 to discuss and sign the copies, and a further 500 signatures were added to the treaty.

In July 1840, the railroad found its way through Covington from Corning, and was opened for locomotives to Blossburg in September.

Towards the end of his undergraduate degree he became a contributor to the Westminster Review with his first article entitled " Electrotype and Daguerreotype ," published in September 1840.

After the death of his first wife on December 31, 1840 in Chambers County, Alabama, Albert Tatum married Mary C. Rippetoe on September 22, 1841, in Tallapoosa County, Alabama.

* September 22-Célestine Marié, mezzo-soprano, the first " Carmen " ( b. 1840 )

Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt, Hinmatóowyalahtq ̓ it in Americanist orthography, popularly known as Chief Joseph, or Young Joseph ( March 3, 1840 – September 21, 1904 ) succeeded his father Tuekakas ( Chief Joseph the Elder ) as the leader of the Wal-lam-wat-kain ( Wallowa ) band of Nez Perce, a Native American tribe indigenous to the Wallowa Valley in what is today the State of Oregon in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States.

Two days after McClellan's return to command, General Robert E. Lee's forces crossed the Potomac River into Maryland, leading to the Battle of Antietam in September 1862.

Certainly the most positive event of the 2011 season for the Orioles, was their involvement in the events that took place on September 28, when they defeated the Boston Red Sox 4-3 thanks to 9th inning heroics by both Nolan Reimold, and Robert Andino leading to a walk-off win on an Andino RBI single, and prevented them from earning the Wild Card berth.

* Booknotes interview with Robert Leckie on Okinawa: The Last Battle of World War II, September 3, 1995.

See also the letter from Robert Gauss to Felix Klein on 3 September 1912.

The Silver Age of comic books is generally considered to date from the first successful revival of the dormant superhero form — the debut of Robert Kanigher and Carmine Infantino's Flash in Showcase No. 4 ( September / October 1956 ).

*" Former Military Astronaut Among Hijack Victims ", an article by Robert Pearlman on the SPACE. com website, dated September 16, 2001

On the morning of 28 September 1106, exactly 40 years after William had made his way to England, the decisive battle between his two surviving sons, Robert Curthose and Henry Beauclerc, took place in the small village of Tinchebray, in Lower Normandy.

On September 29, 1829, the Metropolitan Police Act was passed by Parliament, allowing Sir Robert Peel, the then home secretary, to found the London Metropolitan Police.

Then at Fondi, secretly supported by the king of France, the French cardinals proceeded to elect Robert of Geneva as Pope on 20 September.

* Booknotes interview with Emory Thomas on Robert E. Lee: A Biography, September 10, 1995.

Robert Maynard Pirsig ( born September 6, 1928 ) is an American writer and philosopher, and author of the philosophical novels Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values ( 1974 ) and Lila: An Inquiry into Morals ( 1991 ).

Robert Horton was first chairman, leading the organisation through the early years of its existence up to 1999, including an industrial dispute from June to September 1994.

Sir Robert William Askin GCMG, ( 4 April 19079 September 1981 ) was an Australian politician and the 32nd Premier of New South Wales from 1965 to 1975, the first representing the Liberal Party of Australia.

On 5 September 2012 the excavators announced that they had identified the Greyfriars church, and two days later that they had identified the location of Robert Herrick's garden where the memorial to Richard III stood in the early 17th century.

Robert Penn Warren ( April 24, 1905 – September 15, 1989 ) was an American poet, novelist, and literary critic and was one of the founders of New Criticism.

Robert Jordan was the pen name of James Oliver Rigney, Jr. ( October 17, 1948 – September 16, 2007 ) He used this pseudonym for fantasy novels, including the bestselling The Wheel of Time series for which he was best known.

Robert Ghormley Parr ( born September 22, 1921, Chicago ) is a theoretical chemist.

In September 1305, Edward ordered Robert Bruce to put his castle at Kildrummy, " in the keeping of such a man as he himself will be willing to answer for ," suggesting that King Edward suspected Robert was not entirely trustworthy and may have been plotting behind his back.

The following month, however, the Empress was invited by the Dowager Queen Adeliza to land at Arundel instead, and on 30 September Robert of Gloucester and the Empress arrived in England with 140 knights.

Key and Skinner boarded the British flagship HMS Tonnant on September 7 and spoke with Major General Robert Ross and Vice Admiral Alexander Cochrane over dinner while the two officers discussed war plans.

* Robert Taschereau ( February 9, 1940 – September 1, 1967 )

By September 1298, Wallace resigned as Guardian of Scotland in favour of Robert the Bruce, Earl of Carrick and future king, and John Comyn of Badenoch, King John Balliol's nephew.

William then ruled Normandy as regent in Robert's absence — Robert did not return until September 1100, one month after William's death.

* September 1 – Robert Calder, British naval officer ( b. 1745 )