The landmark event that established the discipline of information theory, and brought it to immediate worldwide attention, was the publication of Claude E. Shannon's classic paper " A Mathematical Theory of Communication " in the Bell System Technical Journal in July and October 1948.

Theory behind DSL, like many other forms of communication, can be traced back to Claude Shannon's seminal 1948 paper: A Mathematical Theory of Communication.

The king is sometimes given an arbitrary high value such as 200 points ( Shannon's paper ) or 1, 000, 000, 000 points ( 1961 USSR program ) to ensure that a checkmate outweighs all other factors.

* March-Publication of Claude Shannon's paper " Programming a Computer for Playing Chess ", seminal in the development of computer chess and introducing the Shannon number.

Shannon's Jan. 1948 paper, " The Synthesis of Two-Terminal Switching Circuits ," simply stated the expansion of a function as:

Shannon's work on information theory showed that to achieve so called perfect secrecy, it is necessary for the key length to be at least as large as the message to be transmitted and only used once ( this algorithm is called the One-time pad ).

In the latter case, it took many years to find the methods Shannon's work proved were possible.

The portraits in the Hall include the work of notable artists ; among the portraits of principals is Sir J. J. Shannon's portrait of Dame Elizabeth, Philip de Laszlo's of Miss Jex-Blake, Sir Rodrigo Moynihan's of Dr Grier and Maud Sumner's of Miss Sutherland.

* Shannon's drumming is distinguished by a liquid groove, absolutely fluid in the manner of great session drummers such as the late Jeff Porcaro, and his studio work displays the rare capacity to balance simplicity and ornamentation.

As a basic starting point it is normally assumed that, for the purposes of analysis, the general algorithm is known ; this is Shannon's Maxim " the enemy knows the system " -- in its turn, equivalent to Kerckhoffs ' principle.

According to Shannon's source coding theorem, the optimal code length for a symbol is − log < sub > b </ sub > P, where b is the number of symbols used to make output codes and P is the probability of the input symbol.

The theorem establishes Shannon's channel capacity for such a communication link, a bound on the maximum amount of error-free digital data ( that is, information ) that can be transmitted with a specified bandwidth in the presence of the noise interference, assuming that the signal power is bounded, and that the Gaussian noise process is characterized by a known power or power spectral density.

This method, later known as Hartley's law, became an important precursor for Shannon's more sophisticated notion of channel capacity.

Shannon's noisy coding theorem is general for all kinds of channels.

* Shannon's Trust, support for people with aplastic anemia

Shannon's thesis became a starting point for the use of the binary code in practical applications such as computers, electric circuits, and more.

Incidentally, the credit for Shannon's entropy formula ( though not for its use in an information theory context ) really belongs to Boltzmann, who derived it much earlier for use in his H-theorem of statistical mechanics.

As expressed by Shannon's equation for channel information capacity, the omnipresence of noise in information systems sets a minimum signal-to-noise ratio ( shortened as S / N ) requirement in a channel, even when adequate spectral bandwidth is available.

Since the 1960s, SIT ( in psychology ) and AIT ( in computer science ) evolved independently as viable alternatives for Shannon's classical information theory which had been developed in communication theory.

Depending on the model chosen, this may enable real computers to solve problems that are inextricable on digital computers ( for example, Hava Siegelmann's neural nets can have noncomputable real weights, making them able to compute nonrecursive languages ), or vice versa ( Claude Shannon's idealized analog computer can only solve algebraic differential equations, while a digital computer can solve some transcendental equations as well.

Tens of thousands of dollars in donations for the monument were primarily raised by Shannon's friends and classmates holding car washes.

However, 14 kbit / s is only 40 % of the theoretical maximum bit rate predicted by Shannon's Theorem for POTS lines ( approximately 35 kbit / s ).

In the series, Lydia attends " Miss Shannon's School for Girls " and is in seventh grade.

Shannon first appeared in 1996, when Luann was asked to sit for the 3 year old in addition to her cousin, Lindy Lewis, but quit due to Shannon's bad behavior.

Shannon's mother dies in the Season 1 finale, and Burton Fallin comes to care for her.

In the post-war era, Vannevar Bush's differential analyser, John von Neumann's cellular automata, Norbert Wiener's cybernetics, and Claude Shannon's information theory became influential paradigms for modeling and understanding complexity in technical systems.

Writer Pat Conroy paid for Shannon's education after she left the Citadel.

After several TV movie appearances, Sheridan landed a starring role as lawyer Jack Shannon on Shannon's Deal, which ran for one season in 1990.

Key influences include Afrika Bambaataa & Soul Sonic Force's " Planet Rock " ( 1982 ) and Shannon's " Let the Music Play ," the latter of which was a Top 10 Billboard Hot 100 hit as early as 1984.

The most fundamental results of this theory are Shannon's source coding theorem, which establishes that, on average, the number of bits needed to represent the result of an uncertain event is given by its entropy ; and Shannon's noisy-channel coding theorem, which states that reliable communication is possible over noisy channels provided that the rate of communication is below a certain threshold, called the channel capacity.

) It is one of the first attempts at creating a quantum information theory, showing that Shannon information theory cannot directly be generalized to the quantum case, but rather that it is possible to construct a quantum information theory, which is a generalization of Shannon's theory, within the formalism of a generalized quantum mechanics of open systems and a generalized concept of observables ( the so-called semi-observables ).

This informal characterization corresponds to both von Neumann's formal definition of the entropy of a mixed quantum state ( which is just a statistical mixture of pure states ; see von Neumann entropy ), as well as Claude Shannon's definition of the entropy of a probability distribution over classical signal states or messages ( see information entropy ).

On the other hand, the lower carrier frequencies are not able to support the high information bandwidths which are required by Shannon's equation, when the practical limits of S / N have been reached.

Madsen has done several films with Daryl Hannah, these include Kill Bill, Shannon's Rainbow, Vice, and the upcoming films Eldorado as well as the film Garbage in which they play friends called Daryl and Michael.

Due to Shannon's wealthy background, which is hated by the lower class Irish they find themselves surrounded by, Joseph lies and tells everyone that she is in fact his sister, to save her from being exiled or hurt.

Shannon's diagram of a general communications system, which shows the process of information that produces a message

Sixteen wayside markers recounting aspects of Shannon's career were also placed along the trail, which runs through the region in which Shannon is thought to have wandered during his 1804 separation from the expedition.

" The Palm Beach Post < nowiki >'</ nowiki > s Kevin D. Thompson wrote that Shannon's performance " displays why she should have her own sitcom ", while Cox wrote that she has a " quality in which a tightly bound surface normalcy seems to barely contain a bundle of tics and impulses, and the writers make excellent use of it by having Val try to first steal Grace's flair for design, then cop one of her clients.

Information is the central theme of several new sciences, which emerged in the 1940s, including Shannon's ( 1949 ) Information Theory and Wiener's ( 1948 ) Cybernetics.

The name was originally intended for Shannon's and John " Tumor " Fahnestock's side project MF Pitbulls which also included 3 / 5 of the future band Snot.

In mathematics, Shannon's expansion or the Shannon decomposition is a method by which a Boolean function can be represented by the sum of two sub-functions of the original.