But they objected vigorously to the proposition that federal courts may refuse to exercise jurisdiction conferred in a valid act of Congress:

When in 1816 an act of Congress forced the foreign firm out of the United States, its British-born employees, now become American citizens -- Joseph Rolette, Joseph Renville and Alexis Bailly -- continued in the fur business.

On June 19, 1862, endorsed by Lincoln, Congress passed an act banning slavery on all federal territory.

* 1848 – Oregon Territory is organized by act of Congress.

The defense also argued that the President reserved the right to test the constitutionality of an act of Congress, in good faith.

* 1836 – U. S. Congress passes an act creating the Wisconsin Territory.

* The Andrei Sakharov Archives and Human Rights Center, established at Brandeis University in 1993, will soon cease to exist unless Congress and university officials act to save it.

This was " Entered according to act of Congress, in the year 1835, by C. Bradlee, in the clerk's office of the District Court of Massachusetts ", according to the Newberry Library, which also says, " The theme is that used by Mozart for his piano variations, Ah, vous dirai-je, maman.

Congress passed a law in 2007 that criminalizes the act of stealing electricity, but it has not yet been fully implemented.

* Speak and act on behalf of the ELDR Party in between meetings of the ELDR Congress.

* 1919 – President Woodrow Wilson signs an act of the U. S. Congress establishing most of the Grand Canyon as a United States National Park ( see Grand Canyon National Park ).

Based on the theory that the lower courts are creations not of the Constitution but of Congress, and that Congress therefore has wide power in defining and restricting their jurisdiction, the act forbids issuance of injunctions to sustain anti-union contracts of employment, to prevent ceasing or refusing to perform any work or remain in any relation of employment, or to restrain acts generally constituting component parts of strikes, boycotts, and picketing.

To fill in any potential federal gaps, Congress has enacted the Assimilative Crimes Act (), which provides that any act that would have been a crime under the laws of the state in which a federal enclave is situated is also a federal crime.

The German Confederation was created by an act of the Congress of Vienna on 8 June 1815 as a result of the Napoleonic Wars, after being alluded to in Article 6 of the 1814 Treaty of Paris.

Congress enacted this act after the stock market crash of 1929.

Members of Congress are exempted from insider trading laws and thus can act on information they are bound to gain in the course of their congressional activities, although house rules may consider it unethical.

* 1915 – The Rocky Mountain National Park is established by an act of the U. S. Congress.

* 1915 – An act of the U. S. Congress creates the United States Coast Guard.

In 1816, Congress passed another bill to charter a second national bank ; Madison signed the act, having learned the bank was needed from the war with Britain.

* 1915 – The Rocky Mountain National Park is formed by an act of U. S. Congress.

* 1991 – Gulf War: An act of the U. S. Congress authorizes the use of military force to drive Iraq out of Kuwait.

When the elections following the introduction of provincial autonomy ( under the government of India act 1935 ) brought the Congress party to power in a majority of the provinces, Nehru's popularity and power was unmatched.

That the Constitution of the United States, having delegated to Congress a power to punish treason, counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States, piracies, and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations, and no other crimes, whatsoever ; and it being true as a general principle, and one of the amendments to the Constitution having also declared, that " the powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people ," therefore the act of Congress, passed on the 14th day of July, 1798, and intitled " An Act in addition to the act intitled An Act for the punishment of certain crimes against the United States ," as also the act passed by them on the — day of June, 1798, intitled " An Act to punish frauds committed on the bank of the United States ," ( and all their other acts which assume to create, define, or punish crimes, other than those so enumerated in the Constitution ,) are altogether void, and of no force watsoever.

On April 25 in a house speech that biographer William Nisbet Chambers called “ long, passionate, historical, polemical ,” Benton attacked the repeal of the Missouri Compromise, which he “ had stood upon ... above thirty years, and intended to stand upon it to the end -- solitary and alone, if need be ; but preferring company .” The speech was distributed afterwards as a pamphlet when opposition to the act moved outside the walls of congress.

The act itself virtually nullified the Missouri Compromise of 1820 and the Compromise of 1850.

On top of all of this, the Wisconsin Enabling act reaffirmed and supplemented the Missouri Compromise.

* The provisions of the Act of 1820, known as the Missouri Compromise, were voided as a legislative act, since the act exceeded the powers of Congress, insofar as it attempted to exclude slavery and impart freedom and citizenship to non-white persons in the northern part of the Louisiana Purchase.

Given the preceding jurisprudence regarding due process, Chief Justice Taney was not entirely breaking ground in his Dred Scott opinion when, without elaboration, he pronounced the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional because an " act of Congress that deprived a citizen of his liberty or property merely because he came himself or brought his property into a particular territory of the United States, and who had committed no offence against the laws, could hardly be dignified with the name of due process of law.

Additionally, the first appearance of substantive due process as a concept arguably appeared earlier in the case of Bloomer v. McQuewan,, so that Chief Justice Taney would not have been entirely breaking ground in his Dred Scott opinion when he pronounced the Missouri Compromise unconstitutional because, among other reasons, an " act of Congress that deprived a citizen of his liberty or property merely because he came himself or brought his property into a particular territory of the United States, and who had committed no offence against the laws, could hardly be dignified with the name of due process of law.

This act provided for westward expansion, but in order to gain Southern support, it undermined the Compromise of 1820 by allowing residents of new states the right to choose on allowing slavery.

The Compromise of Caspe made in 1412 was an act and resolution of parliamentary representatives on behalf of the Kingdoms of Aragon and Valencia and the County of Barcelona, to resolve the interregnum commenced by the death of King Martin I of Aragon in 1410 without a legitimate heir, in Caspe.

He also authored a defense of that act, The Model Employment Termination Act: A Fair Compromise publushed in the Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science in 1994.

Pierce that read, “ except the eighth section of the act preparatory to the admission of Missouri into the Union, approved March 6, 1820, which was superseded by the legislation of 1850, commonly called the compromise measures, and is declared inoperative .” Identical legislation was soon introduced in the house.

In the original act of 1850 the name was spelled " Yola.

The name of the county in the original state legislative act of 1850 was spelled Colusi, and often in newspapers was spelled Coluse.

The Michigan Legislature passed an act on March 2, 1850, that empowered the county residents to organize governmental functions.

Gordon County was created on February 13, 1850 by an act of the Georgia General Assembly ( Ga. Laws 1849-50, p. 124 ).

In 1833 the railroad cut was begun, to carry the New York and Harlem Rail Road through Murray Hill ; the route under the most prominent obstacle in its right-of-way was opened 1 May 1834 ; then the locomotives, which had met the horse-cars that ran through the city's streets at the station at 27th Street, could pass the reduced hill ; by an act of 1850 the city pemitted to roof over the cut for the passage of steam locomotives.

Clinch County was created on February 14, 1850, by an act of the Georgia General Assembly, and was named for General Duncan L. Clinch, a decorated United States brigadier general and Georgia Congressman who had recently died.

Shelbyville was incorporated January 21, 1850, by a special act of the Legislature, according to county histories.

Amboy Township was formed by an act of the Michigan Legislature on March 28, 1850, from Woodbridge Township and Ransom Township out of the partial survey townships 9 south ranges 2 and 3 west and the southern tier of sections from survey township 8 south ranges 2 and 3 west.

The first California legislature on February 18, 1850, passed an act establishing the boundaries of San Francisco County and naming the island after the former name of the city of San Francisco, Yerba Buena, which was changed in 1847.

After 1850, Huebner notes a continuing tradition of operas at Paris where ' principals appear with chorus at the end of an act and where private intrigue conjoins a well-articulated public dimension in the plot ' and cites amongst others Charles Gounod's La nonne sanglante ( 1854 ), Ambroise Thomas's Hamlet and operas by Jules Massenet, amongst them Le Roi de Lahore ( 1877 ) and Le Cid ( 1885 ).

On the Royal Commission of 1850 to inquire into the reform of the university, of which Stanley was secretary, he served as assistant-secretary ; and he was secretary to the commissioners appointed by the act of 1854.

From 1846 onwards Jowett threw himself into this movement, which in 1848 became general amongst the younger and more thoughtful fellows, until it took effect in the commission of 1850 and the act of 1854.

In 1850, another act was passed that established that the Philadelphia police force would police the city and seven surrounding districts.

He considered it folly for South Carolina to act alone ; but he was strongly in favor of secession, and in 1850, as a delegate to the Nashville convention, he declared himself friendly to the scheme, then first agitated, of a separate southern confederacy.

In response to the weakening of the original fugitive slave act, the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 made any Federal marshal or other official who did not arrest an alleged runaway slave liable to a fine of $ 1, 000.

An act of the Legislative Assembly further facilitated the incorporation of municipalities, and on January 1, 1850, Bytown was incorporated.

The territory was organized by an organic act of Congress in 1850, on the same day that the State of California was admitted to the Union.

An act of 1848 reformed the postal system and authorized the use of stamps ; the first stamps appeared on 1 January 1850.

The act, which became law on September 27, 1850, granted to every unmarried white male citizen eighteen or older, and to every married couple, arriving in the Oregon Territory before December 1, 1850.

The act was passed on September 18, 1850, and it was repealed on June 28, 1864.

As a result of the railway's unwillingness to act, plans for an independent line from the SER station at Strood to Faversham and Canterbury were made following a public meeting at Rochester in 1850.