As Sandburg said at the time: `` It is as ancient as the medieval European ballads brought to the Appalachian Mountains, it is as modern as skyscrapers, the Volstead Act, and the latest oil well gusher ''.

With the loss of the study of ancient Greek in the early medieval Latin West, Aristotle was practically unknown there from c. AD 600 to c. 1100 except through the Latin translation of the Organon made by Boethius.

Throughout ancient and medieval history, most architectural design and construction was carried out by artisans, such as stone masons and carpenters, rising to the role of master builder.

* The Bürgerfest is celebrated on the first weekend of July, when the palace gardens with their ancient walls are transformed into a medieval camp.

* or Areian: the designation of an inhabitant of Aria ( a region in the eastern part of the Persian empire ; today's Herat ), used by the ancient and medieval Greeks ( as Ἄρ ( ε ) ιοι / Ar ( e ) ioi ) and Romans ( as Arii ).

On the Reckoning of Time ( De temporum ratione ) included an introduction to the traditional ancient and medieval view of the cosmos, including an explanation of how the spherical earth influenced the changing length of daylight, of how the seasonal motion of the Sun and Moon influenced the changing appearance of the New Moon at evening twilight, and a quantitative relation between the changes of the Tides at a given place and the daily motion of the moon.

While David Kessler and Peter Temin consider ancient Rome to be the largest city before 19th century London and the first to have exceeded a population of over 1 million, George Modelski considers medieval Baghdad, with an estimated population of 1. 2 million at its peak, to be the largest city before 19th century London and the first with a population of over one million.

* Period collections: Collectors may restrict themselves to coins of the 18th or 19th century, while others collect ancient and medieval coins.

The idea of an artifact made conscious is an ancient theme of mythology, appearing for example in the Greek myth of Pygmalion, who carved a statue that was magically brought to life, and in medieval Jewish stories of the Golem, a magically animated homunculus built of clay.

Other things associated with fire and yellow bile in ancient and medieval medicine included the season of summer, since it increased the qualities of heat and aridity ; the choleric temperament ( of a person dominated by the yellow bile humour ); the masculine ; and the eastern point of the compass.

Other things associated with air and blood in ancient and medieval medicine included the season of spring, since it increased the qualities of heat and moisture ; the sanguine temperament ( of a person dominated by the blood humour ); hermaphrodite ( combining the masculine quality of heat with the feminine quality of moisture ); and the northern point of the compass.

Other things associated with water and phlegm in ancient and medieval medicine included the season of Winter, since it increased the qualities of cold and moisture ; the phlegmatic temperament, the feminine, the brain and the western point of the compass.

Other things associated with earth and black bile in ancient and medieval medicine included the season of fall, since it increased the qualities of cold and aridity ; the melancholic temperament ( of a person dominated by the black bile humour ); the feminine ; and the southern point of the compass.

Besides the gastraphetes, the ancient world knew a variety of mechanical hand-held weapons similar to the later medieval crossbow.

A catapult is a device used to throw or hurl a projectile a great distance without the aid of explosive devices — particularly various types of ancient and medieval siege engines.

After the Roman empire, hierarchical castes continued in Italy from ancient times to the medieval times.

Scarce dyestuffs that produced brilliant and permanent colors such as the natural invertebrate dyes Tyrian purple and crimson kermes were highly prized luxury items in the ancient and medieval world.

The portion of the Greek Arithmetica that survived, however, was, like all ancient Greek texts transmitted to the early modern world, copied by, and thus known to, medieval Byzantine scholars.

It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30, 000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers.

Thanks to large number of ancient rock-cut cave temples there have been preserved valuable ancient and early medieval frescoes in more than 20 locations of India.

Other locations with valuable preserved ancient and early medieval frescoes include Bagh Caves, Ellora Caves, Sittanavasal, Armamalai Cave, Badami Cave Temples and other locations.

This changed the course of science in history, from a merely contemplative state, as it was found in ancient and medieval ages, to a practical, inventive state-that would have eventually led to the inventions that made possible the Industrial Revolutions of the following centuries.

Changes in costume often took place at times of economic or social change ( such as in ancient Rome and the medieval Caliphate ), but then a long period without major changes followed.

The chthonic spirit has precedents in numerous ancient and medieval mythologies, often guarding mines and precious underground treasures, notably in the Germanic dwarves and the Greek Chalybes, Telchines or Dactyls.

The most probable ancient account of the beginning of Christianity in Rome is given by a 4th century writer known as Ambrosiaster:

The Greek language holds an important place in the histories of Europe, the more loosely defined Western world, and Christianity ; the canon of ancient Greek literature includes works of monumental importance and influence for the future Western canon, such as the epic poems Iliad and Odyssey.

Again in second-wave feminism in the U. S., as well as in many European and other countries, religion became the focus of some feminist analysis in Judaism, Christianity, and other religions, and some women turned to ancient goddess religions as an alternative to Abrahamic religions ( Womanspirit Rising 1979 ; Weaving the Visions 1989 ).

Eastern Christianity ( the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches ) have a very rich and ancient hymnographical tradition.

) The illumination of religious images with lamps or candles is an ancient practice pre-dating Christianity.

But the previously mentioned demiurge of evil ... gradually brought back idolatry under the appearance of Christianity. It was also seen as a departure from ancient church tradition, of which there was a written record opposing religious images.

Jerome is the second most voluminous writer ( after St. Augustine ) in ancient Latin Christianity.

This fundamental characteristic of Christianity ( when compared to Far Eastern religions ) stems originally from ancient Jewish prophecy.

Many scholars believe that Noah and the Biblical Flood story are derived from the Mesopotamian version, predominantly because Biblical mythology that is today found in Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Mandeanism shares overlapping consistency with far older written ancient Mesopotamian story of The Great Flood, and that the early Hebrews were known to have lived in Mesopotamia.

The Old Testament is a Christian term for a collection of religious writings of ancient Israel that form the major and first section of Christian Bibles, in contrast to the Christian New Testament which deals explicitly with the 1st century Christianity.

In contrast he argues that the ancient story of dying and rising in the divine, human and crops, ( with Osiris as an example ), is vindicated and reaches a conclusion in Christianity.

The Popes in ancient times helped in the spread of Christianity and the resolution of various doctrinal disputes.

It has been argued that the transferred use reflects the fact that the ancient idolatry lingered on in the rural villages and hamlets after Christianity had been accepted in the towns and cities of the Roman Empire ; cf.

Syria is significant in the history of Christianity ; Paul was converted on the Road to Damascus and emerged as a significant figure in the first organized Christian Church at Antioch in ancient Syria, from which he left on many of his missionary journeys.

Other misconceptions such as: " the Church prohibited autopsies and dissections during the Middle Ages ," " the rise of Christianity killed off ancient science ," and " the medieval Christian church suppressed the growth of the natural sciences ," are all reported by Numbers as examples of widely popular myths that still pass as historical truth, even though they are not supported by current historical research.

Among his apologetic writings, the Apologeticus, addressed to the Roman magistrates, is a most pungent defense of Christianity and the Christians against the reproaches of the pagans, and an important legacy of the ancient Church, proclaiming the principle of freedom of religion as an inalienable human right and demands a fair trial for Christians before they are condemned to death.

Jews continue to observe Sabbath on Saturday, and Constantine himself continues to worship the ancient Roman sun god, Apollo, despite his acceptance of Christianity.

The strategy of sectarians taking Greek terms from philosophical contexts and re-applying them to religious contexts was popular in Christianity, the Cult of Isis and other ancient religious contexts including Hermetic ones ( see Alexander of Abonutichus for an example ).

The fundamental difference between Luther and Melanchthon lies not so much in the latter's ethical conception, as in his humanistic mode of thought which formed the basis of his theology and made him ready not only to acknowledge moral and religious truths outside of Christianity, but also to bring Christian truth into closer contact with them, and thus to mediate between Christian revelation and ancient philosophy.

Western Christianity developed and came to be predominant in most of Western, Northern, Central, Southern and parts of Eastern Europe, ancient Northern Africa, Southern Africa, and throughout Australia and the Western Hemisphere.

Many Christians cite the meal as a way to connect with the heritage of their own religion and to see how the practices of the ancient world are still relevant to Christianity today.

Following Chamberlain's ideas, he condemned what he called " negative Christianity ," the orthodox beliefs of Protestant and Catholic churches, arguing instead for a so-called " positive " Christianity based on Chamberlain's claim that Jesus was a member of a Nordic enclave resident in ancient Galilee who struggled against Judaism.

In the 1530s, they began to adapt Christian practices to local customs, including the building of new churches on the sites of ancient places of worship, leading to a mix of Old World Christianity with local religions.