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In computer science, a scapegoat tree is a self-balancing binary search tree, discovered by Arne Anderson and again by Igal Galperin and Ronald L. Rivest.
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computer and science
* Argument ( computer science ), a piece of data provided as input to a subroutine
In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( originating from al-Khwārizmī, the famous Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī ) is a step-by-step procedure for calculations.
* Program analysis ( computer science ) – the process of automatically analyzing the behavior of computer programs
* Semantic analysis ( computer science ) – a pass by a compiler that adds semantical information to the parse tree and performs certain checks
* Atomic operation, in computer science
He was highly influential in the development of computer science, giving a formalisation of the concepts of " algorithm " and " computation " with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general purpose computer.
Turing is widely considered to be the father of computer science and artificial intelligence.
Babbage understood that the existence of an automatic computer would kindle interest in the field now known as algorithmic efficiency, writing in his Passages from the Life of a Philosopher, " As soon as an Analytical Engine exists, it will necessarily guide the future course of the science.
In algorithmic information theory ( a subfield of computer science ), the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is a measure of the computational resources needed to specify the object.
Algorithmic information theory is the area of computer science that studies Kolmogorov complexity and other complexity measures on strings ( or other data structures ).
In computer science, an array data structure or simply an array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements ( values or variables ), each identified by at least one array index or key.
The term is also used, especially in the description of algorithms, to mean associative array or " abstract array ", a theoretical computer science model ( an abstract data type or ADT ) intended to capture the essential properties of arrays.
In computer science, an AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree, and it was the first such data structure to be invented.
Category: 1962 in computer science
In computer science, the analysis of algorithms is the determination of the number of resources ( such as time and storage ) necessary to execute them.
Run-time efficiency is a topic of great interest in computer science: A program can take seconds, hours or even years to finish executing, depending on which algorithm it implements ( see also performance analysis, which is the analysis of an algorithm's run-time in practice ).
In computer science, an abstract data type ( ADT ) is a mathematical model for a certain class of data structures that have similar behavior ; or for certain data types of one or more programming languages that have similar semantics.
This cutting-edge technology has a promising potential of leading a new revolution in science as integrated circuits did in computer developments.
* Alternating Turing machine, model of computation used in theoretical computer science
* Program analysis ( computer science )
* Artificial intelligence, a branch of computer science.
* List of open problems in computer science
In a category with exponentials, using the isomorphism ( in computer science, this is called currying ), the Ackermann function may be defined via primitive recursion over higher-order functionals as follows:
computer and tree
* Binary tree, a computer tree data structure in which each node has at most two children
In computer science, a binary tree is a tree data structure in which each node has at most two child nodes, usually distinguished as " left " and " right ".
In computer science, a B-tree is a tree data structure that keeps data sorted and allows searches, sequential access, insertions, and deletions in logarithmic time.
Underlying computer programming concepts like quicksort, hashtable, array, and binary tree can be useful to creating software.
* Cartesian tree, a binary tree in computer science
Several fields of discrete mathematics, particularly theoretical computer science, graph theory, and combinatorics, are important in addressing the challenging bioinformatics problems associated with understanding the tree of life.
* Isa ( computer science ), a relationship between objects ; for instance, an apple tree " is a " tree
As one of the earliest programming languages, Lisp pioneered many ideas in computer science, including tree data structures, automatic storage management, dynamic typing, and the self-hosting compiler.
A red – black tree is a type of self-balancing binary search tree, a data structure used in computer science, typically to implement associative arrays.
A red – black tree is a special type of binary tree, used in computer science to organize pieces of comparable data, such as text fragments or numbers.
In computer science, a tree is a widely used data structure that simulates a hierarchical tree structure with a set of linked nodes.
In computer science, a trie, or prefix tree, is an ordered tree data structure that is used to store a dynamic set or associative array where the keys are usually strings.
It is straightforward to write a computer program to play tic-tac-toe perfectly, to enumerate the 765 essentially different positions ( the state space complexity ), or the 26, 830 possible games up to rotations and reflections ( the game tree complexity ) on this space.
Related dysphemisms include " tree carcass " for a book and " tree-killer " for a computer printer.
computer and is
We accomplish this by compiling a list of text forms as text is read by the computer.
A location in the computer store is also named for each marked form ; ;
For this step the computer memory is separated into three regions: cells in the W-region are used for storage of the forms in the text-form list ; ;
It appears in a form that is admirably suited to the powers of the digital computer.
The set of equations ( 5 ), ( 6 ), and the starting equation ( 7 ) is of a recursive type well suited to programming on the digital computer.
This is not wholly a reasoning process -- a computer cannot do it all -- and even in an Angel it takes time.
The albedo is an important concept in climatology and astronomy, as well as in calculating reflectivity of surfaces in LEED sustainable rating systems for buildings, computer graphics and computer vision.
The effect is sensitive to subtle cues such as people being more helpful when there were stylized eyespots instead of a logo on a computer screen.
This type of presentation is usually accomplished with a camera and a projector or a computer viewing screen which can rapidly cycle through images in a sequence.
A new computer program is used to create the most comfortable and useful prosthetics.
It is worth mentioning that the Nepōhualtzintzin amounted to the rank from 10 to the 18 in floating point, which calculated stellar as well as infinitesimal amounts with absolute precision, meant that no round off was allowed, when translated into modern computer arithmetic.
With the development of fast Internet in the last part of the 20th century along with advances in computer controlled telescope mounts and CCD cameras ' Remote Telescope ' astronomy is now a viable means for amateur astronomers not aligned with major telescope facilities to partake in research and deep sky imaging.
In computer systems, an algorithm is basically an instance of logic written in software by software developers to be effective for the intended " target " computer ( s ), in order for the target machines to produce output from given input ( perhaps null ).
Computers ( and computors ), models of computation: A computer ( or human " computor ") is a restricted type of machine, a " discrete deterministic mechanical device " that blindly follows its instructions.
Simulation of an algorithm: computer ( computor ) language: Knuth advises the reader that " the best way to learn an algorithm is to try it.
This means that the programmer must know a " language " that is effective relative to the target computing agent ( computer / computor ).
Written in prose but much closer to the high-level language of a computer program, the following is the more formal coding of the algorithm in pseudocode or pidgin code:
* Static code analysis – the analysis of computer software that is performed without actually executing programs built from that
In the field of computer graphics, an anisotropic surface will change in appearance as it is rotated about its geometric normal, as is the case with velvet.
The modern computer programming language Ada is named in her honour.
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