* Argument ( computer science ), a piece of data provided as input to a subroutine

In mathematics and computer science, an algorithm ( originating from al-Khwārizmī, the famous Persian mathematician Muḥammad ibn Mūsā al-Khwārizmī ) is a step-by-step procedure for calculations.

* Program analysis ( computer science ) – the process of automatically analyzing the behavior of computer programs

* Semantic analysis ( computer science ) – a pass by a compiler that adds semantical information to the parse tree and performs certain checks

* Atomic operation, in computer science

He was highly influential in the development of computer science, giving a formalisation of the concepts of " algorithm " and " computation " with the Turing machine, which can be considered a model of a general purpose computer.

Turing is widely considered to be the father of computer science and artificial intelligence.

Babbage understood that the existence of an automatic computer would kindle interest in the field now known as algorithmic efficiency, writing in his Passages from the Life of a Philosopher, " As soon as an Analytical Engine exists, it will necessarily guide the future course of the science.

In algorithmic information theory ( a subfield of computer science ), the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is a measure of the computational resources needed to specify the object.

Algorithmic information theory is the area of computer science that studies Kolmogorov complexity and other complexity measures on strings ( or other data structures ).

In computer science, an array data structure or simply an array is a data structure consisting of a collection of elements ( values or variables ), each identified by at least one array index or key.

The term is also used, especially in the description of algorithms, to mean associative array or " abstract array ", a theoretical computer science model ( an abstract data type or ADT ) intended to capture the essential properties of arrays.

In computer science, an AVL tree is a self-balancing binary search tree, and it was the first such data structure to be invented.

Category: 1962 in computer science

In computer science, the analysis of algorithms is the determination of the number of resources ( such as time and storage ) necessary to execute them.

Run-time efficiency is a topic of great interest in computer science: A program can take seconds, hours or even years to finish executing, depending on which algorithm it implements ( see also performance analysis, which is the analysis of an algorithm's run-time in practice ).

In computer science, an abstract data type ( ADT ) is a mathematical model for a certain class of data structures that have similar behavior ; or for certain data types of one or more programming languages that have similar semantics.

This cutting-edge technology has a promising potential of leading a new revolution in science as integrated circuits did in computer developments.

* Alternating Turing machine, model of computation used in theoretical computer science

* Program analysis ( computer science )

* Artificial intelligence, a branch of computer science.

* List of open problems in computer science

In a category with exponentials, using the isomorphism ( in computer science, this is called currying ), the Ackermann function may be defined via primitive recursion over higher-order functionals as follows:

) The HP 21MX real-time computer ( 1974 ) denoted ( which is 192 × 1024 ) as 196K and as 1M,

Modern computer animation usually uses 3D computer graphics, although 2D computer graphics are still used for stylistic, low bandwidth, and faster real-time renderings.

Developers of computer games and 3D video cards strive to achieve the same visual quality on personal computers in real-time as is possible for CGI films and animation.

In addition to the Yamaha DX7, the advent of inexpensive digital chips and microcomputers opened the door to real-time generation of computer music.

By the early 1990s, the performance of microprocessor-based computers reached the point that real-time generation of computer music using more general programs and algorithms became possible.

RT-11 provided a practical real-time operating system in minimal memory, allowing the PDP-11 to continue Digital's critical role as a computer supplier for embedded systems.

Often when the processing requirement is not real-time, processing is economically done with an existing general-purpose computer and the signal data ( either input or output ) exists in data files.

Other methods include viewing real-time information on a portable computer with internet access or with a web-enabled smart phone.

Hard disk drives were introduced in 1956 as data storage for an IBM real-time transaction processing computer and were developed for use with general purpose mainframe and minicomputers.

Many computer systems require low interrupt latencies, especially embedded systems that need to control machinery in real-time.

* The HP 21MX real-time computer ( 1974 ) denoted 196, 608 ( which is 192 × 1024 ) as " 196K ", while the HP 3000 business computer ( 1973 ) denoted 131, 072 ( which is 128 × 1024 ) as " 128K ".

Machinima ( or ) is the use of real-time 3D computer graphics rendering engines to create a cinematic production.

Its real-time nature favors speed, cost saving, and flexibility over the higher quality of pre-rendered computer animation.

This criterion depends on the ability of a computer program to impersonate a human in a real-time written conversation with a human judge, sufficiently well that the judge is unable to distinguish reliably — on the basis of the conversational content alone — between the program and a real human.

Geomatics includes geodesy ( scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the earth, its gravitational field, and other geodynamic phenomena, such as crustal motion, oceanic tides, and polar motion ) and GIS ( a computer based system for capturing, storing, analyzing and managing data and associated attributes which are spatially referenced to the earth ) and remote sensing ( the short or large-scale acquisition of information of an object or phenomenon, by the use of either recording or real-time sensing devices that are not in physical or intimate contact with the object ).

The first implementation of a " real-time " ray-tracer was credited at the 2005 SIGGRAPH computer graphics conference as the REMRT / RT tools developed in 1986 by Mike Muuss for the BRL-CAD solid modeling system.

One of the album tracks, " Homeworld ( The Ladder )", was written for Relic Entertainment's Homeworld, a real-time strategy computer game and was used as the credits and outro theme.

An embedded system is a computer system designed for specific control functions within a larger system, often with real-time computing constraints.

Other than that, Digital Equipment Corporation created several operating systems for its 16-bit PDP-11 class machines, including the simple RT-11 system, the time-sharing RSTS operating systems, and the RSX-11 family of real-time operating systems, and the VMS system for the 32-bit VAX computer.

Another reason is that the hardware they evolved on initially shipped with minimal amounts of computer memory — 4-8 kilobytes was standard on early home computers — as well as 8-bit processors without specialized support circuitry like a MMU or even a dedicated real-time clock.