Computers used teleprinters for input and output from the early days of computing.

This method of computing compression ratio cannot be used accurately for engines that have pistons with either domed or irregularly shaped heads.

Although Communications no longer publishes primary research, and is not considered a prestigious venue, many of the great debates and results in computing history have been published in its pages.

Distinguished Engineers and Distinguished Scientists have at least 15 years of membership who " have made a significant impact on the computing field ".

A bit ( a contraction of binary digit ) is the basic capacity of information in computing and telecommunications ; a bit can have the value of either 1 or 0 ( one or zero ) only.

In computing, a bit can be defined as a variable or computed quantity that can have only two possible values.

The popularity of major commercial computing architectures have aided in the ubiquitous acceptance of the 8-bit size.

In computing and electronic systems, binary-coded decimal ( BCD ) is a class of binary encodings of decimal numbers where each decimal digit is represented by a fixed number of bits, usually four or eight, although other sizes ( such as six bits ) have been used historically.

The presence of an easy-to-learn language such as BASIC on these early personal computers allowed small business owners to develop their own custom application software, leading to widespread use of these computers in businesses that previously did not have access to computing technology.

Its partners include some of the biggest players in the worlds of computing, communications, and consumer electronics, and it's loaded with top-notch engineers who have been given a clean slate to reinvent traditional approaches to ubiquitous worldwide communications.

Both the miniaturization and standardization of CPUs have increased the presence of digital devices in modern life far beyond the limited application of dedicated computing machines.

However, alternative forms of computing technology are anticipated which may have superior processing power than classical computers.

* A discussion on how much time we have available before we must take steps to protect against quantum computing attacks

* Garbage collection consumes computing resources in deciding which memory to free, even though the programmer may have already known this information.

Nevertheless, caches have proven themselves in many areas of computing because access patterns in typical computer applications have locality of reference.

Censuses have evolved in their use of technology with the latest censuses, the 2010 round, using many new types of computing.

Advances in computing power and software for manipulation of digital media have dramatically affected the way computer music is generated and performed.

The terms " concurrent computing ", " parallel computing ", and " distributed computing " have a lot of overlap, and no clear distinction exists between them.

* In parallel computing, all processors may have access to a shared memory to exchange information between processors.

Databases have been in use since the earliest days of electronic computing.

Many known data structures have concurrent versions that allow multiple computing threads to access the data structure simultaneously.

Numerical methods implemented on electronic computing machines have simplified the task of determining the orbits of a dynamical system.

As a computing term, bootstrap has been used since at least 1953.

The term " computing " has sometimes been narrowly defined, as in a 1989 ACM report on Computing as a Discipline:

More recently, with the advent of personal computing, and the growth of home recording, the term computer music is now sometimes used to describe any music that has been created using computing technology.

Looking at the image above, one might wonder whether adequate account has been taken of the difference in curvature between ρ ( s ) and ρ ( s + ds ) in computing the arc length as ds = ρ ( s ) dθ.

Digital Equipment, which had twice as many employees as Compaq, has been a leading company in the previous generation of computing during the 1970s and early 1980s but it had struggled since then.

The word " fart " has been incorporated into the colloquial and technical speech of a number of occupations, including computing.

Societal change has been accelerated by the use of social media, smartphones, mobile computing, and other new technologies.

Hacker is a term that has been used to mean a variety of different things in computing.

Many areas of mathematics and computer science have been brought to bear on the problem, including elliptic curves, algebraic number theory, and quantum computing.

Since 1997, all newly-found Mersenne primes have been discovered by the “ Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search ” ( GIMPS ), a distributed computing project on the Internet.

Consequently, a lot of computer power has been expended searching for new Mersenne primes, much of which is now done using distributed computing.

Computational devices have been created in CMOS for both biophysical simulation and neuromorphic computing.

Thousands of different programming languages have been created, mainly in the computing field.

DHT-based networks have been widely utilized for accomplishing efficient resource discovery for grid computing systems, as it aids in resource management and scheduling of applications.

Passwords have been used with computers since the earliest days of computing.

Although quantum computing is still in its infancy, experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of qubits ( quantum bits ).

In his essay, Dijkstra noted that the newer computers in his day " embodied such serious flaws that felt that with a single stroke the progress of computing science had been retarded by at least ten years ".

In fact, SGI's largest revenue has always been generated by government and defense applications, energy, and scientific and technical computing.

Ubiquitous computing ( ubicomp ) is a post-desktop model of human-computer interaction in which information processing has been thoroughly integrated into everyday objects and activities.