In contrast to prokaryotes, the size of eukaryotic cells allows for the possibility of detecting gradients, which results in a dynamic and polarized distribution of receptors.

Planned economies are in contrast to unplanned economies, i. e. the market economy and proposed self-managed economy, where production, distribution, pricing, and investment decisions are made by autonomous firms based upon their individual interests rather than upon a macroeconomic plan.

Although he made no pretence regarding the significance of the Senate under his absolute rule, those senators he deemed unworthy were expelled from the Senate, and in the distribution of public offices he rarely favoured family members ; a policy which stood in contrast to the nepotism practiced by Vespasian and Titus.

By contrast, a perfectly unequal distribution would be one in which one person has all the income and everyone else has none.

Using nanoparticle contrast agents, images such as ultrasound and MRI have a favorable distribution and improved contrast.

By contrast, the American academic geography of that time was dominated by the Berkeley School of Cultural Geography led by Carl O. Sauer, while the spatial distribution of social groups was already studied by the Chicago School of Sociology.

In contrast to the previous Soviet-style centrally planned economy, the new measures progressively relaxed restrictions on farming, agricultural distribution and, several years later, urban enterprises and labor.

By contrast, inelastic X-ray scattering methods are useful in studying excitations of the sample, rather than the distribution of its atoms.

In contrast, frequency-hopping spread spectrum pseudo-randomly re-tunes the carrier, instead of adding pseudo-random noise to the data, the latter process results in a uniform frequency distribution whose width is determined by the output range of the pseudorandom number generator.

The security of quantum key distribution relies on the foundations of quantum mechanics, in contrast to traditional key distribution protocol which relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical functions, and cannot provide any indication of eavesdropping or guarantee of key security.

Schlegel explains why there was female superiority as that the Hopi believed in " life as the highest good ... the female principle ... activated in women and in Mother Earth ... as its source " and that the Hopi " were not in a state of continual war with equally matched neighbors " and " had no standing army " so that " the Hopi lacked the spur to masculine superiority " and, within that, as that women were central to institutions of clan and household and predominated " within the economic and social systems ( in contrast to male predominance within the political and ceremonial systems )", the Clan Mother, for example, being empowered to overturn land distribution by men if she felt it was unfair, since there was no " countervailing ... strongly centralized, male-centered political structure ".

This interference between the two paths with different geometric phase results in a varying intensity distribution in the image reducing apparent contrast and resolution compared to a porro prism erecting system.

In contrast the distribution of S. discus appears to be limited to the lower reaches of the Abacaxis, Rio Negro and Trombetas rivers.

In contrast to the Big Five majors, Universal and Columbia had few or no theaters, though they did have top-rank film distribution exchanges.

By contrast the inverse heat equation, deducing a previous distribution of temperature from final data is not well-posed in that the solution is highly sensitive to changes in the final data.

The Forty-spotted has the most restricted distribution of the four species, being endemic to Tasmania, in contrast the most widespread species is the Striated Pardalote is found throughout Australia, only absent from some of the driest areas of the inland central and western deserts.

Rural electrification systems, in contrast to urban systems, tend to use higher voltages because of the longer distances covered by those distribution lines ( see Rural Electrification Administration ).

By contrast, the free-electron treatments of CFE by Young in 1959, Gadzuk and Plummer in 1973 and Modinos in 1984, also integrate via the total energy distribution, but use the normal energy ε < sub > n </ sub > ( or a related quantity ) as the first variable of integration.

Through the mass distribution of particular shanty forms through recordings and clubs, the Folk Revival has had the effect of creating an impression of rather consistent forms of texts and tunes — a sharp contrast to the highly variable and often improvised nature of work-based shanty singing.

Although it could be argued that the two are in free variation, in most instances they are in complementary distribution and clearly contrast, as in the minimal pairs da (‘ that ; the ; who ’) and na (‘ now ; then ’).

In contrast, printers merely print a book, and sometimes offer limited distribution if they are a POD printing press.

In contrast, the argument for a 3 / 4 scaling factor is based on a hydraulic model of energy distribution in organisms, where the primary source of energy dissipation is across the membranes of internal distribution networks.

The literature also describes a contrast between velar and uvular rear articulations for some languages.

A more practical definition of the term describes it as changes occurring on geological time scales, in contrast to microevolution, which occurs on the timescale of human lifetimes.

In contrast, non-zero – sum describes a situation in which the interacting parties ' aggregate gains and losses are either less than or more than zero.

The term describes a general new attitude of Americans towards atomized individualism and away from communitarianism in clear contrast with the 1960s.

In contrast, the proposition, " Santa Claus is eating a cookie right now ," describes events that are happening at the time the proposition is uttered.

In contrast to the Jewish tradition, which uses a term which can be translated as a " box " or " chest " to describe the Ark, surah 29: 14 of the Quran refers to it as a safina, an ordinary ship, and surah 54: 13 describes the ark as " a thing of boards and nails ".

In contrast to authors who identify language and cognition, he describes his own mathematical thinking as largely wordless, often accompanied by mental images that represent the entire solution to a problem.

The NIH describes computational / mathematical biology as the use of computational / mathematical approaches to address theoretical and experimental questions in biology and, by contrast, bioinformatics as the application of information science to understand complex life-sciences data.

By contrast, the Constitution of Ireland describes the President of Ireland throughout as " he ", yet two of the most recent presidents were women ; in 1997, four of the five candidates in the election were women.

In contrast, a Sprachraum ( from German, " language area "), also known as a dialect continuum, describes a group of genetically related dialects spoken across a geographical area, differing in their genetic relationship only slightly between areas that are geographically close, and gradually decreasing in mutual intelligibility as distances increase.

" The second type of the pastoral is literature that " describes the country with an implicit or explicit contrast to the urban.

By contrast, when a sentence is in spoken form and the verb involved is one of assertion, the use of that makes clear that the present speaker is making an indirect rather than a direct quotation, such that s / he is not imputing particular words to the person s / he describes as having made an assertion ; the demonstrative adjective that also does not fit such an example.

This equation basically describes the existence of the jet stream, a westerly current of air with maximum wind speeds close to the tropopause which is ( even though other factors are also important ) the result of the temperature contrast between equator and pole.

These are in contrast to kinematics, the branch of classical mechanics that describes the motion of objects without consideration of the causes leading to the motion.

On the Terminator 2 DVD, writer / director James Cameron describes his casting of Robert Patrick as a deliberate contrast to the original Terminator character portrayed by Arnold Schwarzenegger: " I wanted to find someone who would be a good contrast to Arnold.

This concept strikes a sharp contrast with the words " hedonism " and even " pleasure " in English today ; the former implies wanton pursuit of pleasure with disregard to all else, and the latter has no inherent connotations that extend the meaning beyond the immediate experiences it describes.

A heterodiegetic narrator, in contrast, describes the experiences of the characters that appear in the story.

By contrast, subtracting equation ( 2 ) from equation ( 1 ) results in an equation that describes how the vector r = x < sub > 1 </ sub > − x < sub > 2 </ sub > between the masses changes with time.

In contrast, in declarative programming languages the program describes the desired results, and doesn't specify changes to the state directly.

In contrast, gesellschaft ( often translated as society, civil society or association ) describes associations in which, for the individual, the larger association never takes precedence over the individual's self-interest, and these associations lack the same level of shared mores.

The democratization of knowledge is a concept that describes the spread of knowledge among common people, in contrast to knowledge being controlled by elite groups.

In a stark contrast to the addendum in subsequent editions of the book — which describes the dogs ' finding sanctuary from the hunters and being cleared of carrying the plague — the film concludes as the first edition of the book proper, with the dogs swimming out to sea.

When applied to phenomena and abstract objects, the macroscopic scale describes existence in the world as we perceive it, often in contrast to experiences ( microscopy ) or theories ( microphysics, statistical physics ) considering objects of geometric lengths smaller than one millimeter.