Despite the shared name of " Adoptionism " the Spanish Adoptionist Christology appears to have differed sharply from the Adoptionism of early Christianity.

Support for Arius from powerful bishops like Eusebius of Caesarea and Eusebius of Nicomedia, further illustrate how Arius ' subordinationist Christology was shared by other Christians in the Empire.

In antiquity, sporadically in the Middle Ages, and again following the Reformation until today, differing views existed concerning the Godhead from those of Trinitarians and the related traditional Christology.

The formal definition of ' two natures ' in Christ was understood by the critics of the council at the time, and is understood by many historians and theologians today, to side with western and Antiochene Christology and to diverge from the teaching of Cyril of Alexandria, who always stressed that Christ is ' one '.

About two years after Cyril of Alexandria's death in 444, an aged monk from Constantinople named Eutyches began teaching a subtle variation on the traditional Christology in an attempt ( as he described in a letter to Pope Leo I in 448 ) to stop a new outbreak of Nestorianism.

Christology ( from Greek Χριστός Khristós and ,-logia ) is the field of study within Christian theology which is primarily concerned with the nature and person of Jesus Christ as recorded in the canonical Gospels and the epistles of the New Testament.

The term " Christology from above " refers to approaches that begin with the divinity and pre-existence of Christ as the Logos ( the Word ), as expressed in the prologue to the Gospel of John ().

Christology from above was emphasized in the ancient Church, beginning with Ignatius of Antioch in the second century.

The term " Christology from below ", on the other hand, refers to approaches that begin with the human aspects and the ministry of Jesus ( including the miracles, parables, etc.

The Kyrios title for Jesus is central to the development of New Testament Christology, for the early Christians placed it at the center of their understanding, and from that center attempted to understand the other issues related to the Christian mysteries.

The Council of Chalcedon, from the perspective of the Alexandrine Christology, has deviated from the approved Cyrillian terminology and declared that Christ was one hypostasis in two natures.

Since the 1980s theologians from the Oriental ( non-Chalcedonian ) Orthodox and Eastern ( Chalcedonian ) Orthodox churches have been meeting in a bid to resolve theological differences, and have concluded that many of the differences are caused by the two groups using different terminology to describe the same thing ( see Agreed Official Statements on Christology with the Eastern Orthodox Churches ).

The Oriental Orthodox churches, on the other hand, consider their own Christology, known as Miaphysitism and based heavily on the writings of Cyril of Alexandria ( whom all sides accept as orthodox ), to be distinct from monophysitism, and often object to being labelled monophysites.

According to some scholars like Parrinder, Oduyoye, Vroom and Sheth, the common translation " incarnation " due to its christological implications is somewhat misleading as the concept of avatar corresponds more closely to the view of Docetism in Christian theology, as different from the idea of God ' in the flesh ' in mainstream Christology.

Fausto Sozzini was further influential through the posthumous Racovian Catechism which set out his uncle Lelio's views on Christology and replaced earlier catechisms of the Ecclesia Minor, and also after his death through the writings of his students issued in Polish and Latin from the press of the Racovian Academy at Raków, Kielce County.

Medieval Agnus Dei with halo ( religious iconography ) | halo and cross ; Euphrasian Basilica, Poreč, Croatia. The 11th century Christology of Saint Anselm of Canterbury specifically disassociates Lamb of God from the Old Testament concept of an Scape goat which is subjected to punishment for the sins of others, without knowing it or willing it.

In modern Roman Catholic Christology, Karl Rahner has continued to elaborate on the analogy that the blood of the Lamb of God, and the water flowing from the side of Christ on Calvary had a cleansing nature, similar to baptismal water.

However, the Christology of the LDS religion differs in several significant aspects from Arian theology.

They kept a King James Version of the Bible with them and studied several passages from the New Testament, focusing on teachings about Christology, asceticism, and eschatology.

In denying that Jesus was made from the seed of Mary, the Christology of this church is closer to the teachings of Menno Simons and Melchior Hoffman than any other Mennonite group.

We may safely reject it, so far as it derives the Christology of Nestorius from this single interview.

The use of the Kyrios title for Jesus is central to the development of New Testament Christology, for the early Christians placed it at the center of their understanding and from that center attempted to understand the other issues related to the Christian mysteries.

The normative Christology of the Assyrian church was written by Babai the Great ( 551 – 628 ) and is clearly distinct from the accusations directed toward Nestorius.

There has also been a contrast made between Christology from above and Christology from below.

In the 13th century, Saint Thomas Aquinas provided the first systematic Christology that consistently resolved a number of the existing issues.

Systematic approaches by theologians, such as Thomas Aquinas, are called " scholastic Christology ".

Medieval Philosophy and the Systematics of Christology " ( Aquinas Lecture 1999 ).

The Christology of Jehovah's Witnesses is also generally regarded as Arian, given their views on development of the Trinity.

The Pauline epistles also advanced the " cosmic Christology " of the fourth gospel, elaborating the cosmic implications of Jesus ' existence as the Son of God, as in: " Therefore, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation.

The Pauline theme of unity based on a sacrificial Christology may also be noted in the epistle to the Philippians.

" His statement echoed the view that in Roman Catholic Mariology the path to Christ is through Mary, with Mariology being inherent in Christology ; a sentiment also expressed by saints such as Louis de Montfort who was a strong rosary advocate.

This emphasis on the path through Mary to Christ ( which was also a basis for some of Louis de Montfort's writings ) has since been a key direction in Roman Catholic Mariology, with Mariology being viewed as inherent in Christology, and the rosary paving that path.

In the light of modern historical research and ecumenical discussions, the miaphysite and Chalcedonian positions appear to differ mainly in their usage of the key term " nature " ( Greek: φύσις, phýsis, as used in the original texts of the relevant Ecumenical Councils ) rather than in the underlying Christology, but other smaller differences of interpretation or emphasis may also exist.

Later interpreters of the Council held that Chalcedonian Christology also rejected monothelitism and monergism.

Valentinus ' Christology may have posited the existence of three redeeming beings, but Jesus while on Earth had a supernatural body which, for instance, " did not experience corruption " by defecating, according to Clement: there is also no mention of the account of Jesus's suffering in First Epistle of Peter, nor of any other, in any Valentinian text.

This view has also been called the doctrine of " heavenly flesh " and " Incarnational Christology ".

It also tends to take a more traditionalist line on matters of liturgy, ecclesiology, Christology and the authority of scripture.

Babai the Great ( 551-628 ), who was the unofficial head of the Church at that time and also involved in reviving the strict Syrian monastic movement, refuted him and in the process wrote the normative Christology of the Church of the East, based on Theodore of Mopsuestia.

It has also been noted that this Greek term " homoousian " or " consubstantial ", which Athanasius of Alexandria favored, and was ratified in the Nicene Council and Creed, was actually a term reported to also be used and favored by the Sabellians in their Christology.

The question concerned the doctrine of the Lord's Supper and also involved a peculiar development of Christology, which was opposed by the Lutheran theologians outside of Württemberg, since Brenz carried to its logical conclusion the concept of " personal union ," thus favoring an absolute omnipresence ( ubiquity ) of the body of Christ, which did not begin with the ascension but with the incarnation.

" Roman Catholic theologians have also expressed the view that: " Mariology is Christology developed to its full potential ".

While the Church of the East ( i. e., Nestorian Christianity ) also did not accept the Council of Chalcedon, in addition to that it rejected the First Council of Ephesus as well and has, according to the traditional interpretation, an opposite Christology to the Oriental Orthodox.

The first volume also expounds a Mormon Christology or theory of Christ as both fully human and fully divine at once.