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laser and ablation
In the direct elemental analysis of solid samples, the new leaders are laser-induced breakdown and laser ablation mass spectrometry, and the related techniques with transfer of the laser ablation products into inductively coupled plasma.
However, more recent experiments have demonstrated that cells whose centrioles have been removed via laser ablation can still progress through the G < sub > 1 </ sub > stage of interphase before centrioles can be synthesized later in a de novo fashion.
A new minimally invasive procedure called " percutaneous laser disk ablation " has been developed at the Oklahoma State University Veterinary Hospital.
Such shallow tissue deposition of laser energy is helpful in laser surgery, and for the efficient production of steam for laser enamel ablation in certain types of laser dentistry.
Thorium monoxide has recently been produced through laser ablation of thorium in the presence of oxygen.
Alternative techniques, such as ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy, radiofrequency ablation and endovenous laser treatment, are available as well.
Newer methods for treating varicose veins such as Endovenous Thermal Ablation ( endovenous laser treatment or radiofrequency ablation ), and foam sclerotherapy are not as well studied, especially in the longer term.
The Australian Medical Services Advisory Committee ( MSAC ) in 2008 has determined that endovenous laser treatment / ablation ( ELA ) for varicose veins " appears to be more effective in the short term, and at least as effective overall, as the comparative procedure of junction ligation and vein stripping for the treatment of varicose veins.
The longest study of endovenous laser ablation is 39 months.
All forms of surgery are considered invasive procedures ; so-called " noninvasive surgery " usually refers to an excision that does not penetrate the structure being excised ( e. g. laser ablation of the cornea ) or to a radiosurgical procedure ( e. g. irradiation of a tumor ).
Less commonly, the laser ablation has been used as a means of sample introduction.
* Laser resist ablation: Spray black paint onto copper clad laminate, place into CNC laser plotter.
( Note: laser copper ablation is rarely used and is considered experimental.
Transurethral electrovaporization of the prostate ( TVP ), laser TURP, visual laser ablation ( VLAP ), ethanol injection, and others are studied as alternatives.
Laser ablation, laser beam machining and wafer dicing are all industrial areas where high-speed mirror galvanometers can be found.
Indeed, it has also been shown that laser ablation of centrosomes in vertebrate cells inhibits neither spindle assembly nor chromosome segregation.
Treatments for significant lesions include cryotherapy, loop electrical excision procedure ( LEEP ), and laser ablation.

laser and for
Support was added to OS X in order to provide support for the large number of existing AppleTalk devices, notably laser printers and file shares, but alternate connection solutions common in this era, notably USB for printers, limited their demand.
The UIS will have individual miniature-computer terminals, central control points for the flood of information, and communication channels incorporating thousands of artificial communications from satellites, cables, and laser lines.
When the particles are in great motion, they produce a Doppler shift for measuring wind speed in the laser light, which is used to calculate the speed of the particles, and therefore the air around the anemometer.
Optionally, an atom probe may also include laser-optical systems for laser beam preparation, targeting and pulsing, if using laser-evaporation methods.
However, phthalocyanine is more sensitive than cyanine to writing laser power calibration, meaning that the power level used by the writing laser has to be more accurately adjusted for the disc in order to get a good recording ; this may erode the benefits of dye stability, as marginally written discs ( with higher correctable error rates ) will lose data ( i. e. have uncorrectable errors ) after less dye degradation than well written discs ( with lower correctable error rates ).
Furthermore, correct power calibration of the laser in the writer, as well as correct timing of the laser pulses, stable disc speed, and so on., is critical to not only the immediate readability but the longevity of the recorded disc, so for archiving it is important to have not only a high quality disc but a high quality writer.
Chemical kinetics experiments can then be carried out in a " pump-probe " fashion using a laser to initiate the reaction ( for example by preparing one of the reagents by photolysis of a precursor ), followed by observation of that same species ( for example by laser-induced fluorescence ) after a known time delay.
Mapping can be done with GPS and laser rangefinder directly in the field ( for example by Field-Map technology ).
Japan follows a similar system to the US Army for its Self Defence Force personnel, and the appearance of the tags is similar, although laser etched.
In optics, an equivalent device for the diode but with laser light would be the Optical isolator, also known as an Optical Diode, that allows light to only pass in one direction.
From 1976 to 1981, DARPA's major thrusts were dominated by air, land, sea, and space technology, tactical armor and anti-armor programs, infrared sensing for space-based surveillance, high-energy laser technology for space-based missile defense, antisubmarine warfare, advanced cruise missiles, advanced aircraft, and defense applications of advanced computing.
This process results in an unusually mechanically simple laser optical amplifier for signals transmitted by fiber optics.

laser and example
For example, it should not matter whether one measures the distance between the Great Pyramids of Giza by laser rangefinding, by satellite imaging, or with a meter stick-in all three cases, the answer should be approximately the same.
For example, the accuracy of laser rangefinding measurements is based on the scientific understanding of lasers, while satellite pictures and meter sticks rely on different phenomena.
For example, the expanding profile of a laser beam, the beam shape of a radar antenna and the field of view of an ultrasonic transducer can all be analysed using diffraction equations.
For example, if two slits are separated by 0. 5mm (), and are illuminated with a 0. 6μm wavelength laser (), then at a distance of 1m (), the spacing of the fringes will be 1. 2mm.
In a few situations it is possible to obtain lasing with only a single pass of EM radiation through the gain medium, and this produces a laser beam without any need for a resonant or reflective cavity ( see for example nitrogen laser ).
For example, a one-milliwatt laser pointer exerts a force of about 3. 3 piconewtons on the object being illuminated ; thus, one could lift a
By implementing a refractive index correction such as this, an approximate realization of the metre can be implemented in air, for example, using the formulation of the metre as wavelengths of helium-neon laser light in vacuum, and converting the wavelengths in a vacuum to wavelengths in air.
This process may be carried out by wide-field irradiation of the sample ( for example standard light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy ) or by scanning of a fine beam over the sample ( for example confocal laser scanning microscopy and scanning electron microscopy ).
For example, there are many common lasers ( e. g., dye lasers, carbon dioxide lasers ) where the laser medium consists of complete molecules, and energy states correspond to vibrational and rotational modes of oscillation of the molecules.
For example, one does not buy " Laser Vision ", but the effect " Energy Blast ", and specifies that it is a laser emitted by the hero's eyes.
For example, graphical wireframes on top of a laser printer would explain how to change the paper tray.
One example of this would be using a solar sail to reflect a laser beam.
* As an example of the impact of deep-ultraviolet excimer laser photolithography, in continuing the advances in semiconductor chip fabrication, IBM researchers announced in early 2006 that they had developed a technique to print circuitry only 29. 9 nm wide using 193 nm ArF excimer laser lithography.
For example, applications of high-energy laser weapons and lidars require precise knowledge of how much transmitted power actually illuminates the target.
For example, an ultraviolet laser that emits at a wavelength of 308 nm will have a lower divergence than an infrared laser at 808 nm, if both have the same minimum beam diameter.
The most common example is the Erbium Doped Fiber Amplifier ( EDFA ), where the core of a silica fiber is doped with trivalent Erbium ions and can be efficiently pumped with a laser at a wavelength of 980 nm or 1, 480 nm, and exhibits gain in the 1, 550 nm region.
If the launch fibre is underfilled, for example as a consequence of being energized by a laser diode or edge-emitting LED, there will be no effect on the mode power distribution or loss measurements.

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