In lieu of the amanuensis to the blind or illiterate bard, one may conceive of a man who heard a vast store of oral poetry recited, and became intimately familiar with the established aids to poetizing, and himself wrote his own compositions or his edition of the compositions of the past.

Alternatively, some units allow or require each member to wear one laced into their boot in lieu of the second around the neck.

He left one daughter and sole-heiress Grace de Tracy who married John de Sudeley, They had two children: Ralph de Sudeley ( d. 1192 ), the eldest, who became his father's heir, and Sir William II " de Tracy " ( d. post 1172 ), who inherited his mother's barony of Bradninch and assumed her family name in lieu of his patronymic.

American paratroopers also famously used a device known as a " cricket " on D-Day in place of a password system as a temporarily unique method of identification ; one metallic click given by the device in lieu of a password was to be met by two clicks in reply.

The Rococo Swapper has the unusual property of self-destructing at will, in lieu of moving, provided it is not at the same time immobilized, with the effect of taking one enemy piece alongside it.

The death penalty was freely rendered for theft and other crimes in this section of the Code: for theft involving entering a palace or temple treasury, for illegal purchase from a minor or slave, for selling stolen goods or receiving the same, for common theft in the open ( in lieu of multiple-fold restoration ) or receiving the same, for false claim to goods, for kidnapping, for assisting or harbouring fugitive slaves, for detaining or appropriating the same, for brigandage, for fraudulent sale of drink, for not reporting criminal conspiracy in one's tavern, for delegation of personal service and refusing to pay the delegate or not sending the delegate, for misappropriating the levy, for harming or robbing one of the king's captains, for causing the death of a house owner through bad construction.

They may also complete one of 12 Five College Certificates — among them African studies, Buddhist studies, coastal and marine sciences, cognitive neuroscience, international relations, and Middle Eastern studies — in lieu of a minor.

Many of the clerks and other officials were sinecures who, in lieu of wages, charged increasingly exorbitant fees to process cases, one of the main reasons why the cost of bringing a case to the Chancery was so high.

When controversy arose regarding the conscription of religious girls ( giyus banot ) into the Israel Defense Forces after the founding of the State of Israel in 1948, the photo of Kook was removed and replaced with one of Rabbi Avrohom Yeshaya Karelitz who ruled that Jewish females are forbidden to perform National Service ( Sherut Leumi ) in lieu of army service.

On approaches where a DME is specified in lieu of marker beacons, the aircraft must have at least one operating DME unit to begin the approach, and a DME Required restriction will be noted on the Instrument Approach Procedure.

However, BBC World News itself is not currently widely available in the US as a separate channel ( although it does appear on several cable systems throughout the United States, generally in lieu of BBC America ; one previous example is the New York based service Cablevision which until August 2011, did not carry BBC America ) or in a 30-minute telecast on public television stations daily.

The idea is that the energy from the recoil is used, in lieu of a locked bolt or a lever mechanism, to eject each spent cartridge and insert the next one.

He was one of the first artists to experiment with the use of oil-based colors, in lieu of egg-based tempera, to achieve the brilliance of color typical for this period.

Owing to the relatively high density of the wood ( it is one of the few woods that are denser than water ), boxwood is often used for chess pieces, unstained boxwood for the white pieces and stained (' ebonized ') boxwood for the black pieces, in lieu of ebony.

The most popular webbing is one inch but it is available in two and three inch widths which in earlier days were often used in lieu of climbing harnesses.

This is in lieu of up to four players holding one Game Boy Advance unit.

He left one daughter and sole-heiress Grace de Tracy who married John de Sudeley, They had two children: Ralph de Sudeley ( d. 1192 ), the eldest, who became his father's heir, and Sir William II " de Tracy " ( d. post 1172 ), who inherited his mother's barony of Bradninch and assumed her family name in lieu of his patronymic.

In addition to his Navy Distinguished Service Medal, Adm. Radford also received three gold stars in lieu of a second, third and fourth Distinguished Service Medal ; the Legion of Merit with a Gold Star in lieu of a second medal ; a Presidential Unit Citation with two service stars ( 3 awards ); Navy Unit Commendation ; World War I Victory Medal with Atlantic Fleet clasp ; American Defense Service Medal with Fleet clasp ; American Campaign Medal ; Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with one silver and two bronze service stars ( 7 awards ); World War II Victory Medal ; Korean Service Medal ; Navy Occupation Service Medal ; National Defense Service Medal ; Philippine Liberation Ribbon with one bronze star ; and Companion of the Order of the Bath by the Government of Great Britain.

It is to be highly stressed that, in Italy, ciao is mainly used in informal contexts, i. e. among family members, relatives, friends, in other words with those one would address with tu ( second person singular ) as opposed to lei ( courtesy form ); in these contexts, ciao is the norm even as a morning or evening salutation, in lieu of the buongiorno or buonasera, deemed too formal among friends, relatives, or the very familiar.

Every Swiss is citizen of one or several municipalities ( known as the place of origin, lieu d ' origine, or Heimatort ).

Piniella had one more season remaining on his contract from October 2002, but agreed to a $ 2. 2 million buyout, in lieu of $ 4. 4 million that he was due, had he decided to manage the team for one more season.

Nor were manors held necessarily by lay lords rendering military service ( or again, cash in lieu ) to their superior: a substantial share ( estimated by value at 17 % in England in 1086 ) belonged directly to the king, and a greater proportion ( rather more than a quarter ) were held by bishoprics and monasteries.

" This name was originally adopted in lieu of the Village of South Orange because it allowed South Orange to receive more federal aid that was directed to Townships during the 1970s as many federal authorities were unfamiliar with the New Jersey municipal system, in which a township is not formally different from any other municipal designation.

In 2012, the company announced that it is closing its Stafford plant because industry demand for larger, more efficient wafers increased and the company, in lieu of upgrading the Stafford plant to accommodate production of larger wafers, opted to shift production to newer plants.

Even when injustices are committed against a minority group by the majority group, minorities sometimes lash out against a different minority group in lieu of confronting the more powerful majority

Because most instant messaging clients indicate to users when their online contacts are away before they send a message, more often than not away messages are meant to be read in lieu of sending a message, rather than a response.

There follows a long sketch set during the 1879 Anglo-Zulu War in Natal, in which a devastating attack by Zulus is dismissed in lieu of a far more pressing matter: One of the officers ( Idle ) has had his leg bitten off during the night.

These benefits were agreed upon in lieu of a more traditional stock package because, according to Welch, he did not want more money, preferring instead to retain the lifestyle he had enjoyed as CEO once he retired.

Another, perhaps more historically verifiable, account of " Taps " first being used in the context of a military funeral involves John C. Tidball, a Union artillery captain who during a break in fighting ordered the tune sounded for a deceased soldier in lieu of the more traditional — and much less discreet — three volley tribute.

Reviewers point out that although Princess Tutu is nominally a magical girl series, it is more of a " fairy tale set to ballet with a few magical girl elements mixed in ," and its use of dance in lieu of violence to solve conflicts carries " surprisingly effective emotional appeal.

During the late 1980s though, wallpaper began to fall out of fashion in lieu of Faux Painting which can be more easily removed by simply re-painting.

A comparison of television listings from 2007 with 1987 verifies that many broadcasters in North America now air infomercials in lieu of syndicated TV series reruns and movies, which were formerly staples during the more common hours infomercials are broadcast ( i. e., the overnight hours ).

While other subgenres of hip hop address sociopolitical or personal concerns, crunk is almost exclusively party music, favoring call and response slogans in lieu of more substantive approaches.

Meditation V: Concerning the Essence of Material Things, and Again Concerning God, That He Exists begins with the stated purpose of expanding the " known items " of God and self to include outside material objects ; but Descartes saves that for Meditation VI in lieu of something he deems more fundamental but in the same direction: a discussion concerning the ideas of those external items.

Lord Albert Denison Conyngham, third son of the first Marquess, assumed the surname of Denison in lieu of Conyngham in 1849 on succeeding to the vast fortune of his maternal uncle William Joseph Denison, and was raised to the peerage as Baron Londesborough the following year ( see this title for more information on this branch of the family ).

If more than two players were playing on any particular episode, a qualifying round was played in lieu of Melody Roulette, and the first two players to identify two tunes advanced to the next round.

In 66, in the wake of a terror campaign and financial constraints in Rome, Emperor Nero made a more modest trip to Greece in lieu of a planned great journey to the east.

Lewis Monson succeeded to the Watson estates on the death of his cousin Thomas Watson, 3rd Earl of Rockingham, assumed the surname of Watson in lieu of Monson and was created Baron Sondes in 1760 ( his great-grandson was created Earl Sondes in 1880 ; see this title for more information on this branch of the family ).

Anecdotal evidence is considered dubious support of a claim ; it is accepted only in lieu of more solid evidence.

This file was used in lieu of the more common README. TXT or README. 1ST file names.

In the Pacific Northwest, a popular variant is ground salmon patty ( instead of ground beef ) and dill Havarti ( in lieu of the more common Cheddar ).