In the time of the Revolution, women could not be kept out of the political sphere ; they swore oaths of loyalty, " solemn declarations of patriotic allegiance, affirmations of the political responsibilities of citizenship.

In response to this measure, women in many areas began circulating anti-oath pamphlets and refused to attend masses held by priests who had sworn oaths of loyalty to the Republic.

In 1086 he required oaths of loyalty to the king by all, even the vassals of his principal vassals, who held by feudal tenure.

The Pope, in turn, excommunicated the king, declared him deposed and dissolved the oaths of loyalty made to Henry.

Some oaths of office are a statement of loyalty to a constitution or other legal text or to a person or other office-holder ( e. g., an oath to support the constitution of the state, or of loyalty to the king ).

It included information on the situation in England, with messengers from there reporting that Ælfgifu was gaining the support of the leading aristocrats through pleas and bribery, binding them to herself and Harold by oaths of loyalty.

The probe would outlaw the Communist Party and require loyalty oaths for teachers.

By mid-July, the Washington Post reported that Perot's campaign managers were becoming increasingly disillusioned by his unwillingness to follow their advice to be more specific on issues, and his need to be in full control of operations with such tactics as forcing volunteers to sign loyalty oaths.

Innocent released Llywelyn, Gwenwynwyn and Maelgwn from all oaths of loyalty to John and lifted the interdict in the territories which they controlled.

Though the novel is ostensibly set in World War II, Heller intentionally included anachronisms like loyalty oaths and computers ( IBM machines ) to situate the novel in the context of the 1950s.

Milo Minderbinder ’ s maxim “ What ’ s good for M & M Enterprises is good for the country ” alludes to former president of General Motors Charles Erwin Wilson ’ s statement before the Senate “ What ’ s good for General Motors is good for the country .” The question of “ Who promoted Major Major ?” alludes to Joseph McCarthy ’ s questioning of the promotion of Major Peress, an army dentist who refused to sign loyalty oaths.

After the investigation new members swear four oaths: the oath of purification, the oath of allegiance to the Constitution and the oath of loyal discharge of their office are demanded by Article 60 ; the oath of loyalty to King and Statute is demanded by Article 47 of the Statute of the Kingdom, the higher Constitution of the Realm.

The fact that Sancus as Jupiter is in charge of the observance of oaths, of the laws of hospitality and of loyalty ( Fides ) makes him a deity connected with the sphere and values of sovereignty, i. e. in Dumézil's terminology of the first function.

On finally landing on 8 December 1154, however, Henry quickly took oaths of loyalty from some of the barons and was then coronated alongside Eleanor at Westminster.

John Kleinig, professor of Philosophy at City University of New York, observes that over the years the idea has been treated by creative writers from Aeschylus through John Galsworthy to Joseph Conrad, by psychologists, psychiatrists, sociologists, scholars of religion, political economists, scholars of business and marketing, and — most particularly — by political theorists, who deal with it in terms of loyalty oaths and patriotism.

Numerous oaths and treaties were signed to ensure Oirat loyalty and military assistance.

Quakers were frequently imprisoned because of their refusal to swear loyalty oaths.

During the McCarthy era, loyalty oaths were required of many state employees, and neither formal academic tenure nor the Constitutional principles of freedom of speech and association were protection from dismissal.

Joseph Heller intentionally seeded Catch 22 with " anachronisms like loyalty oaths, helicopters, IBM machines and agricultural subsidies ", all of which only appear in the McCarthy-Era, in order to create a more contemporary atmosphere.

After publishing the book, for which Erikson is best known, Childhood and Society, in 1950, he left the University of California, when professors there were asked to sign loyalty oaths.

The House Committee on Un-American Activities, whose hearings were perceived as forums where current and former Communists and those sympathetic to Communism were compelled under the duress of the ruin of their careers to confess and name other Communists, made even brief affiliation with the CPUSA or any related groups grounds for public exposure and attack, inspiring local governments to adopt loyalty oaths and investigative commissions of their own.

They appointed a Mercian ealdorman Ceolwulf to replace him, demanding oaths of loyalty to the Danes.

The Hewison group reacted by expelling 14 leading members of those in opposition, suspending the Ontario Provincial Committee, and introducing ' loyalty oaths ' which had to be signed by all members.

He knew who was riding after him -- the men he had known all his life, the men who had worked for him, sworn their loyalty to him.

Probably Mr. Willis was influenced toward deeper involvement by familial loyalty and a concern for his grandchildren.

He was the only Whig in the Illinois delegation, but he showed his party loyalty by participating in almost all votes and making speeches that echoed the party line.

The early policy of Ambracia was determined by its loyalty to Corinth ( for which it probably served as an entrepot in the Epirus trade ), its consequent aversion to Corcyra ( as Ambracia participated on the Corinthian side at the Battle of Sybota, which took place in 433 BC between the rebellious corinthian colony of Corcyra ( modern Corfu ) and Corinth ).

He probably performed his verses at drinking parties for friends and political allies — men for whom loyalty was essential, particularly in such troubled times.

But on September 11, 1185, during his absence from the capital, Stephen Hagiochristophorites moved to arrest Isaac Angelos, whose loyalty was suspect.

We are not certain that the word " democracy " was extant when systems that came to be called democratic were first instituted, but around 460 BC an individual is known whose parents had decided to name him ' Democrates ', a name which may have been manufactured as a gesture of democratic loyalty ; the name can also be found in Aeolian Temnus, not a particularly democratic state.

With Gen. Ben McCulloch, Pike trained three Confederate regiments of Indian cavalry, most of whom belonged to the " civilized tribes ", whose loyalty to the Confederacy was variable.

Charles was among a delegation from Ajaccio in 1769, offered his loyalty and was appointed assessor.

His loyalty to the emperor Frederick, and the expenses incurred in this connection, aroused some irritation among his subjects, but his rule was a period of prosperity in Saxony.

In May 1992 the Belorussian Military District was abolished, and on January 1, 1993 all service personnel on Belarussian soil were required to either take an oath of loyalty to Belarus, or leave.

Ramsey had already cleared out some of the older players who had been reliant on the loyalty of the committee for their continued selection – it was well known that decorum on the pitch at club level had been just as big a factor in playing for England as ability and form.

God's commission to Joshua in chapter 1 is framed as a royal installation, the people's pledge of loyalty to Joshua as successor Moses recalls royal practices, the covenant-renewal ceremony led by Joshua was the prerogative of the kings of Judah, and God's command to Joshua to meditate on the " book of the law " day and night parallels the description of Josiah in 2 Kings 23: 25 as a king uniquely concerned with the study of the law — not to mention their identical territorial goals ( Josiah died in 609 BCE while attempting to annex the former Israel to his own kingdom of Judah ).

The story can be compared to that of a 13th century Hittite king who was forced to take the throne after a lifetime of loyalty when his life was in danger: like David, he was assisted by his god, whose divine will decided the course of events.

For the remainder of his life, although he was passionately devoted to Hungary, its people and its culture, he never felt much loyalty to the government or its official establishments.

Like filial piety, however, loyalty was often subverted by the autocratic regimes of China.

Confucius advocated loyalty to principle rather than to individual in which reform was to be achieved by persuasion rather than violence.

Moreover, he was the first Emperor who resorted to bribery as a means to secure army loyalty.

However, Citadels were often used also to protect a garrison or political power from the inhabitants of the town where it was located, being designed to ensure loyalty from the town which they defended.

When the Muslim General and Warlord Ma Lin was interviewed, Ma Lin was described as having " high admiration and unwavering loyalty to Chiang Kai-shek ".