Diplomatic is another area for which the dawn of the twentieth century marks the beginning of modern standards of scholarship.

The use of a single official language, which modern scholarship has dubbed Official Aramaic or Imperial Aramaic, can be assumed to have greatly contributed to the astonishing success of the Achaemenids in holding their far-flung empire together for as long as they did.

Order One follows the pattern of modern liturgical scholarship.

In modern Homeric scholarship many of Homer's " nods " are explicable as the consequences of the poem being retold and improvised by generations of oral poets.

However, Frankel's use of modern methods of historical scholarship in analyzing Jewish texts and developing Jewish law set him apart from neo-Orthodox Judaism, which was concurrently developing under the leadership of Rabbi Samson Raphael Hirsch.

On the contrary, as modern scholarship has abundantly demonstrated, the Halakhah has grown and developed through changing times and diverse circumstances.

Traditionally ascribed to Moses himself, modern scholarship sees the book as initially a product of the Babylonian exile ( 6th century BCE ), with final revisions in the Persian post-exilic period ( 5th century ).

Although, historically, the use of quantitative methods was often considered an essential mark of scholarship, modern educational psychology research uses both quantitative and qualitative methods.

These were generally considered, both at the time and by modern scholarship, to be attempts to supply a forged copy of a lost document.

Conventional modern scholarship seems to have determined that the years of Mommu's reign are encompassed within more than one era name or nengō.

Most modern critical scholarship concludes that Luke used the Gospel of Mark for his chronology and a hypothetical sayings source Q document for many of Jesus ' teachings.

The understanding that Mark was the first of the synoptic gospels and that it served as a source for Matthew and Luke is foundational to modern critical scholarship.

A school of modern scholarship instead uses an ethnogenetic, rather than essentialist, approach in explaining the Huns ' origin.

The debt may have been repaid by Sophocles because there appear to be echoes of The Histories in his plays, especially a passage in Antigone that resembles Herodotus's account of the death of Intaphernes ( Histories 3. 119 ~ Antigone 904-20 )-this however is one of the most contentious issues in modern scholarship.

An important part of the contribution of many modern historians is the verification or dismissal of earlier historical accounts through reviewing newly discovered sources and recent scholarship or through parallel disciplines like archaeology.

Some of the main trends in modern Homeric scholarship have been, in the 19th and early 20th centuries, Analysis and Unitarianism ( see Homeric Question ), schools of thought which emphasized on the one hand the inconsistencies in, and on the other the artistic unity of, Homer ; and in the 20th century and later Oral Theory, the study of the mechanisms and effects of oral transmission, and Neoanalysis, the study of the relationship between Homer and other early epic material.

This passage-others from the Mojing-were only given serious attention by modern scholarship after the work of Joseph Needham in 1962.

The social theory of Karl Marx, with respect to modern scholarship, stands in a deeply ambiguous relation to historicism.

* Conservative Judaism, known as Masorti outside the United States and Canada, is characterized by a commitment to traditional Jewish laws and customs, including observance of Shabbat and kashrut, a deliberately non-fundamentalist teaching of Jewish principles of faith, a positive attitude toward modern culture, and an acceptance of both traditional rabbinic and modern scholarship when considering Jewish religious texts.

" He also criticizes modern scholarship on men as " dehumanizing " and lacking in awareness of statistical reality.

* the validity of secular knowledge including critical Jewish scholarship of Rabbinic literature and modern philosophical ideas

The traditional chronology, as codified by Varro, allots 243 years for their reigns, an average of almost 35 years, which, since the work of Barthold Georg Niebuhr, has been generally discounted by modern scholarship.

:" In modern scholarship, the term is often used with reference to kami worship and related theologies, rituals and practices.

The Levitical genealogy of is not historical, according to modern scholarship.

This is the only case in modern history of a people of Britannic origin submitting without continued struggle to what they view as foreign domination.

While sovereignty has roots in antiquity, in its present usage it is essentially modern.

Neither is primary experience understood according to the attitude of modern empiricism in which nothing is thought to be received other than signals of sensory qualities producing their responses in the appropriate sense organs.

Shakespeare's Shylock, too, is of dubious value in the modern world.

But a modern Oedipus who is doomed because he cannot oppose his own childhood is only pathetic, and for renouncing the mystery in favor of psychological truth he gives up the claim on our sympathies.

A characteristic expression of such concern and inquiry is found in Joseph P. Lyford's Introduction To The Agreeable Autocracies, a recent paperback study of the institutions of modern democratic society.

The men who speculate on these institutions have, for the most part, come to at least one common conclusion: that many of the great enterprises and associations around which our democracy is formed are in themselves autocratic in nature, and possessed of power which can be used to frustrate the citizen who is trying to assert his individuality in the modern world ''.

As Sandburg said at the time: `` It is as ancient as the medieval European ballads brought to the Appalachian Mountains, it is as modern as skyscrapers, the Volstead Act, and the latest oil well gusher ''.

Here we may observe that at least one modern philosophy of history is built on the assumption that ideas are the primary objectives of the historian's research.

The Chicago contingent of modern critics follow Aristotle so far in this direction that it is hard to see how they can compare one poem with another for the purpose of evaluation.

This is certainly an irrational dogmatism, in which the modern mind attempts to understand the spirit of the sixteenth century on twentieth-century terms.

Rexroth is a longtime jazz buff, a name-dropper of jazz heroes, and a student of traditional as well as modern jazz.

In addition to his experiments in reading poetry to jazz, Patchen is beginning to use the figure of the modern jazz musician as a myth hero in the same way he used the figure of the private detective a decade ago.

This angry and exasperated stance which Patchen has maintained in his poetry for almost fifteen years has been successfully modulated into a kind of woe that is as effective as anger and still expresses his disapproval of the modern world.

But the firm has recognized the tight dollar and the tourist's desire to visit the `` smaller, less-traveled and relatively inexpensive countries '', and is now prepared to teach modern Greek and Portuguese through recordings.

Perhaps there is more truth than we are wont to admit in the conviction of that ornament of Tarheelia, Robert Ruark's grandfather, who was persuaded that the great curse of the modern world is `` all this gallivantin' ''.

The possibility of recall into the Army is part of the price that a modern American has to pay for the enviable heritage of liberty which he enjoys.

Under modern conditions, this is especially true of the ready reserve.

However, its modern one-story layout is designed to increase our production capacity, permit more efficient manufacturing, and substantially reduce current repair and maintenance costs.