In mathematical physics, Liouville made two fundamental contributions: the Sturm – Liouville theory, which was joint work with Charles François Sturm, and is now a standard procedure to solve certain types of integral equations by developing into eigenfunctions, and the fact ( also known as Liouville's theorem ) that time evolution is measure preserving for a Hamiltonian system.

According to Noether's theorem, the conservation of energy is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not change over time.

That is, energy is conserved because the laws of physics do not distinguish between different instants of time ( see Noether's theorem ).

Heat engines distinguish themselves from other types of engines by the fact that their efficiency is fundamentally limited by Carnot's theorem .< ref > Thermal physics: entropy and free energies, by Joon Chang Lee ( 2002 ), Appendix A, p. 183: " A heat engine absorbs energy from a heat source and then converts it into work for us.

That is, conservation of momentum is a consequence of the fact that the laws of physics do not depend on position ; this is a special case of Noether's theorem.

It occurs in problems of physics and has number theoretic significance, occurring in the prime number theorem as an estimate of the number of prime numbers less than a given value.

This assumption that the laws of physics are not contingent upon a specific unit system is the basis for the Buckingham π theorem.

In mathematical physics, the Buckingham π theorem is a key theorem in dimensional analysis.

According to the CPT theorem of particle physics, antihydrogen atoms should have many of the characteristics regular hydrogen atoms have ; i. e., they should have the same mass, magnetic moment, and transition frequencies ( see atomic spectroscopy ) between their atomic quantum states.

In physics, Gauss's law, also known as Gauss's flux theorem, is a law relating the distribution of electric charge to the resulting electric field.

Since Bloch's theorem applies only to periodic potentials, and since unceasing random movements of atoms in a crystal disrupt periodicity, this use of Bloch's theorem is only an approximation, but it has proven to be a tremendously valuable approximation, without which most solid-state physics analysis would be intractable.

Noether's theorem has become a fundamental tool of modern theoretical physics and the calculus of variations.

Since field theory problems are more common in modern physics than mechanics problems, this field theory version is the most commonly used version of Noether's theorem.

In physics and engineering, the divergence theorem is usually applied in three dimensions.

Richard Threlkeld Cox ( 1898 – May 2, 1991 ) was a professor of physics at Johns Hopkins University, known for Cox's theorem relating to the foundations of probability.

In physics, the CHSH inequality can be used in the proof of Bell's theorem, which states that certain consequences of entanglement in quantum mechanics cannot be reproduced by local hidden variable theories.

In physics applications, the non-triviality of the fundamental group allows for the existence of objects known as spinors, and is an important tool in the development of the spin-statistics theorem.

In physics, particularly in quantum mechanics, the spectral theorem is expressed in a way which combines the spectral theorem as stated above and the Borel functional calculus using Dirac notation as follows:

Stokes made seminal contributions to fluid dynamics ( including the Navier – Stokes equations ), optics, and mathematical physics ( including the first version of what is now known as Stokes ' theorem ).

In physics, Green's theorem is mostly used to solve two-dimensional flow integrals, stating that the sum of fluid outflows at any point inside a volume is equal to the total outflow summed about an enclosing area.

The essay introduced several important concepts, among them a theorem similar to the modern Green's theorem, the idea of potential functions as currently used in physics, and the concept of what are now called Green's functions.

In physics, Babinet's principle is a theorem concerning diffraction that states that the diffraction pattern from an opaque body is identical to that from a hole of the same size and shape except for the overall forward beam intensity.

At the lycée in Rennes when he was 15, he led of a group of boys who devoted much time and energy to poking fun at their well-meaning, but obese and incompetent physics teacher, a man named Hébert.

The physics building at Heriot-Watt University is named in his honour.

* The Fermilab particle accelerator and physics lab in Batavia, Illinois, is named after him.

It was discovered in the debris of the first hydrogen bomb explosion in 1952, and named after Nobel laureate Enrico Fermi, one of the pioneers of nuclear physics.

Also, a free open-source physics library for 3D deformable object simulation Vega FEM has been named after Jurij Vega.

In physics, the Navier – Stokes equations, named after Claude-Louis Navier and George Gabriel Stokes, describe the motion of fluid substances.

The Fourier transform, named after Joseph Fourier, is a mathematical transform with many applications in physics and engineering.

In physics and chemistry, the Faraday constant ( named after Michael Faraday ) is the magnitude of electric charge per mole of electrons.

A year later he was named adjutant to the Russian Academy of Science in the physics department.

It is named after its creator Arpad Elo, a Hungarian-born American physics professor.

The physics department tower at the University of Colorado at Boulder is named after him.

The first test scenario used to try out controls and physics involved Mario and a golden rabbit named " MIPS " by the developers ( named for the MIPS-type CPU used by the Nintendo 64 ), the latter of which was included in the final release of the game as a means to obtain two of the Power Stars.

Fourier (; ) most commonly refers to Joseph Fourier ( 1768 – 1830 ), French mathematician and physicist, or the mathematics, physics, and engineering terms named in his honor for his work on the concepts underlying them:

This should not be confused with the principle in physics with the same name, named after Jacob Bernoulli's nephew Daniel Bernoulli.

Instituted in 1902, it is named after the physics professor Robert Thalén.

It was there that he tutored a young Marine aviator named John Glenn in math and physics.

In physics and mathematics, the Poincaré group, named after Henri Poincaré, is the group of isometries of Minkowski spacetime.

In mathematical physics, Minkowski space or Minkowski spacetime ( named after the mathematician Hermann Minkowski ) is the mathematical setting in which Einstein's theory of special relativity is most conveniently formulated.

The Dirac Prize is the name of four prominent awards in the field of theoretical physics, computational chemistry, and mathematics, awarded by different organizations, named in honour of Professor Paul Dirac, one of the great theoretical physicists of the 20th Century.

* Boyle's law, in physics, one of the gas laws ; named after English natural philosopher Robert Boyle

Building on the work of Hermann Grassmann, he introduced what is now termed geometric algebra, a special case of the Clifford algebra named in his honour, with interesting applications in contemporary mathematical physics and geometry.

* Joule Physics Laboratory provides a suite of new, purpose-built physics teaching laboratories and is named after James Prescott Joule, whose former home is situated opposite the Peel Building.

This distance can also be called fermi and was so named in honour of Enrico Fermi and is often encountered in nuclear physics as a characteristic of this scale.

The fermi is named after the Italian physicist Enrico Fermi ( 1901 – 1954 ), one of the founders of nuclear physics.