Algorithms can be expressed in many kinds of notation, including natural languages, pseudocode, flowcharts, programming languages or control tables ( processed by interpreters ).

* Syntax analysis – a process in compilers that recognizes the structure of programming languages, also known as parsing

The programming language to be employed by users was akin to modern day assembly languages.

Each assembly language is specific to a particular computer architecture, in contrast to most high-level programming languages, which are generally portable across multiple systems.

ALGOL ( short for ALGOrithmic Language ) is a family of imperative computer programming languages originally developed in the mid 1950s which greatly influenced many other languages and was the standard method for algorithm description used by the ACM, in textbooks, and academic works for the next 30 years and more.

In the sense that most modern languages are " algol-like ", it was arguably the most successful of the four high level programming languages with which it was roughly contemporary, Fortran, Lisp, and COBOL.

Category: Procedural programming languages

Category: Structured programming languages

Category: Systems programming languages

Category: Pattern matching programming languages

Category: Text-oriented programming languages

The term array is often used to mean array data type, a kind of data type provided by most high-level programming languages that consists of a collection of values or variables that can be selected by one or more indices computed at run-time.

The earliest high-level programming languages, including FORTRAN ( 1957 ), COBOL ( 1960 ), and ALGOL 60 ( 1960 ), had support for multi-dimensional arrays, and so has C ( 1972 ).

Usually programming languages allowing n-based indexing also allow negative index values and other scalar data types like enumerations, or characters may be used as an array index.

In computer science, an abstract data type ( ADT ) is a mathematical model for a certain class of data structures that have similar behavior ; or for certain data types of one or more programming languages that have similar semantics.

Abstract data types are purely theoretical entities, used ( among other things ) to simplify the description of abstract algorithms, to classify and evaluate data structures, and to formally describe the type systems of programming languages.

However, an ADT may be implemented by specific data types or data structures, in many ways and in many programming languages ; or described in a formal specification language.

In the " imperative " view, which is closer to the philosophy of imperative programming languages, an abstract data structure is conceived as an entity that is mutable — meaning that it may be in different states at different times.

As in so many programming languages, the operation ( V, x ) is often written V ← x ( or some similar notation ), and ( V ) is implied whenever a variable V is used in a context where a value is required.

Category: Structured programming languages

* BASIC programming language — For the Beginner's All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code family of programming languages.

Such a description language can be based on any computer programming language, such as Lisp, Pascal, or Java Virtual Machine bytecode.

A few US professional societies whose professions frequently employ various non-word characters, such as chemistry and computer programming, use the British form in their style guides ( see ACS Style Guide ).

It was developed by Tony Brooker and Derrick Morris as a variant of the ALGOL programming language, removing some Algol features such as " passing parameters by name " ( which in Algol 60 means passing the address of a short subroutine to recalculate the parameter each time it was mentioned ).

Their machine instruction sets favored one or many high level programming languages, such as ALGOL, COBOL or FORTRAN.

Constructed languages such as Esperanto, programming languages, and various mathematical formalisms are not necessarily restricted to the properties shared by human languages.

* A conditional expression in computer programming languages such as?

Software thus encompasses a wide array of products that may be developed using different techniques such as ordinary programming languages, scripting languages, microcode, or an FPGA configuration.

This source code is written in one or more programming languages ( such as Java, C ++, C #, python, etc .).

Complaints against broadcasters, such as concerns around offensive programming, are dealt with by the Canadian Broadcast Standards Council ( CBSC ), an independent broadcast industry association, rather than by the CRTC, although CBSC decisions can be appealed to the CRTC if necessary.

C was therefore useful for many applications that had formerly been coded in assembly language, such as in system programming.

Common Lisp is a general-purpose programming language, in contrast to Lisp variants such as Emacs Lisp and AutoLISP which are embedded extension languages in particular products.

Windows includes similar functionality, so the Cygwin library just needed to provide a POSIX-compatible application programming interface ( API ) and properly translate calls and manage private versions of data, such as file descriptors.

In the 1980s, Japanese personal computers such as the NEC PC-88 came installed with FM synthesis sound chips and featured audio programming languages such as Music Macro Language ( MML ) and MIDI interfaces, which were most often used to produce video game music, or chiptunes.

Operations such as these, and even more elaborate operations can also be performed in computer music programming languages such as Max / MSP, SuperCollider, Csound, Pure Data ( Pd ), Keykit, and ChucK.

Cloud computing for call centres extends cloud computing to Software as a service, or hosted, on-demand call centres by providing application programming interfaces ( APIs ) on the call centre cloud computing platform that allow call centre functionality to be integrated with cloud-based Customer relationship management, such as Salesforce. com or Oracle CRM and leads management and other applications.

The distinction is not clear-cut: some devices classed as programmable calculators have programming functionality, sometimes with support for programming languages such as RPL or TI-BASIC.

Before the RISC philosophy became prominent, many computer architects tried to bridge the so called semantic gap, i. e. to design instruction sets that directly supported high-level programming constructs such as procedure calls, loop control, and complex addressing modes, allowing data structure and array accesses to be combined into single instructions.

It also meant good programming productivity even in assembly language, as high level languages such as Fortran or Algol were not always available or appropriate ( microprocessors in this category are sometimes still programmed in assembly language for certain types of critical applications ).

In ordinary language, i. e. outside of contexts such as formal logic, mathematics and programming, " or " sometimes has the meaning of exclusive disjunction.

However, also available general-purpose DBMSs can often be used for such purpose, if they provide basic user-interfaces for straightforward database applications ( limited query and data display ; no real programming needed ), while still enjoying the database qualities and protections that these DBMSs can provide.

At the same time, object databases attempt to introduce key ideas of object programming, such as encapsulation and polymorphism, into the world of databases.

Each such command is equivalent to a complex expression ( program ) in a regular programming language, and thus programming in dedicated ( database ) languages simplifies the task of handling databases considerably.