MWI is distinguished by two qualities: it assumes realism, which it assigns to the wavefunction, and it has the minimal formal structure possible, rejecting any hidden variables, quantum potential, any form of a collapse postulate ( i. e., Copenhagenism ) or mental postulates ( such as the many-minds interpretation makes ).

When faced with a counterexample to a universal claim, rather than denying the counterexample or rejecting the original universal claim, this fallacy modifies the subject of the assertion to exclude the specific case or others like it by rhetoric, without reference to any specific objective rule.

Using lithographic turpentine, the printer then removes any excess of the greasy drawing material, but a hydrophobic molecular film of it remains tightly bonded to the surface of the stone, rejecting the gum arabic and water, but ready to accept the oily ink.

A second strand of Kaplanian theology exists, which makes clear that God has ontological reality, a real and absolute existence independent of human beliefs, while rejecting classical theism and any belief in miracles.

The band adopted this name, despite its previous use for ex-Stooge Ron Asheton's band The New Order, rejecting any fascist undertones.

) accept the doctrine of Apostolic Succession and, to varying extents, papal claims to a primacy of honour while generally rejecting that the pope is the successor to Peter in any unique sense not true of any other bishop.

In 1995, the Labour Party re-defined its stance on socialism by re-wording clause IV of its constitution, effectively rejecting socialism by removing any and all references to public, direct worker or municipal ownership of the means of production.

Traditionalists and philosophers in medieval Judaism, adhered to rational theology, rejecting any belief in rebel or fallen angels, and viewing evil as abstract.

" This put the Academy in an awkward position, as they felt the paper to be “ inadequate and trivial ,” but they did not want to “ treat her as a professional colleague, as they would any man, by simply rejecting the work .” So Augustin-Louis Cauchy, who had been appointed to review her work, recommended she publish it, and she followed his advice.

The Jews by their sins, most prominently of rejecting Jesus as the Messiah, have forfeited any covenantal status.

Some hold that, while rejecting " an eye for an eye ", Jesus built upon previous Jewish ethical teachings in the Tanakh, " Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I the.

Many critics, including Ibn Warraq and Eddie Tabash, have suggested that meta-ethical relativists essentially take themselves out of any discussion of normative morality, since they seem to be rejecting an assumption of such discussions: the premise that there are right and wrong answers that can be discovered through reason.

" Judaism emphatically rejects any concept of plurality with respect to God " explicitly rejecting polytheism, dualism, and trinitarianism, which are " incompatible with monotheism as Judaism understands it.

* No true Scotsman: When faced with a counterexample to a universal claim, rather than denying the counterexample or rejecting the original universal claim, this fallacy modifies the subject of the assertion to exclude the specific case or others like it by rhetoric, without reference to any specific objective rule.

However, Congress refused to count any of the votes from Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee, in essence rejecting Lincoln's moderate Reconstruction plan.

Hall guided the CPUSA in accordance with the party line of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union ( CPSU ), rejecting any liberalization efforts such as Eurocommunism.

Some psychologists use " confirmation bias " to refer to any way in which people avoid rejecting a belief, whether in searching for evidence, interpreting it, or recalling it from memory.

Morris Davis built it very precisely, rejecting many loads of lumber if they had knotholes or any defects.

The theory that Roosevelt was not truly rejecting the plan, just postponing the decision until a more propitious time is supported by Eleanor Roosevelt, who states that she never heard him disagree with the basics of the plan, and who believed that " the repercussions brought about by the press stories made him feel that it was wise to abandon any final solution at that time.

It covers a wide range of beliefs about the extent of any intervention by God, with some approaching deism in rejecting continued intervention.

Iorga also stood out among his generation for flatly rejecting any notion that the 12th-century Second Bulgarian Empire was a " Vlach-Bulgarian " or " Romanian-Bulgarian " project, noting that the Vlach achievements there benefited " another nation " ( Iorga's italics ).

Inner Rhoden is extremely conservative, and has the reputation of always rejecting any federal Referendum.

Some youth of Generation Y have seized upon activities which they can claim as their own, and have begun rejecting more traditional sports in increasing numbers.

The term " Cuthim " applied by Jews to the Samaritans had clear pejorative connotations, implying that they were interlopers brought in from Kutha in Mesopotamia and rejecting their claim of descent from the ancient Tribes of Israel.

In 1962 Venezuela had announced that it was rejecting the 1899 boundary and would renew its claim to all of Guyana west of the Essequibo River.

The Council's duties and powers are not elaborated further, but it is also credited with rejecting Arvedui's claim after the death of Ondoher and should possibly be equated with " the elders " that sent Boromir to Rivendell.

The trial court granted the motion, but the Minnesota Supreme Court reversed, rejecting petitioner's overbreadth claim because, as the Minnesota Court had construed the Ordinance in prior cases, the phrase " arouses anger, alarm or resentment in others " limited the reach of the ordinance to conduct that amounted to fighting words under the Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire decision.

Because Damodar Rao was adopted, the British East India Company, under Governor-General Lord Dalhousie, applied the Doctrine of Lapse, rejecting Damodar Rao's claim to the throne and annexing the state to its territories.

On appeal, the Ohio First District Court of Appeal affirmed Brandenburg's conviction, rejecting his claim that the statute violated his First Amendment and Fourteenth Amendment right to freedom of speech.

Striking another blow against Rossi's court case, he stated that " the court is more inclined to believe that Gregoire would have prevailed under statistical analysis theory ," rejecting the Rossi campaign's claim that improperly cast ballots led to Gregoire's victory.

The councilors claim that they are rejecting the merger for the good of the city.

Some anarchists, while rejecting dialetical or historical materialism claim other bases for the inevitability of revolution, such as the natural yearning of consciousness for freedom ; these anarchists find their mirror within Marxist intellectual movements in individuals such as Herbert Marcuse.

But in rejecting the claim that the regulation was violative of social justice, Laurel would respond with what would become his most famous aphorism, which is to this day widely quoted by judges and memorized by Filipino law students:

The Court was given appellate jurisdiction over decisions of the federal circuit courts as well as decisions by state courts holding invalid any statute or treaty of the United States ; or holding valid any state law or practice that was challenged as being inconsistent with the federal constitution, treaties, or laws ; or rejecting any claim made by a party under a provision of the federal constitution, treaties, or laws.

The meeting led to a failed attempt to break away from the Kalmar Union and King Christian III, and claim Norway's independence by rejecting the Protestant Reformation.

1997 ), rejecting a female police officer's Equal Protection-based sexual harassment and retaliation claims against the city and certain police officials and rejecting her Title VII-based retaliation claim against the city, but allowing her Title VII-based sexual harassment claim against the city.

In early August 2002 Barnett wrote to The Daily Telegraph opposing the American plan of invading Iraq, rejecting the claim that those opposed to the war were the equivalent of the appeasers of Adolf Hitler in the 1930s.

Some also claim that rejecting creatio ex nihilo provides the opportunity to affirm that God has everlastingly created and related with some realm of non-divine actualities or another ( compare continuous creation ).

Most left-libertarians in this sense are anarchists, and frequently claim to reject the concept of self-ownership, at least when it is understood to underwrite capitalism, along with private ownership of the means of production and absentee ownership of private property, in favor of alternative rights of possession and stewardship which are understood as protecting personal autonomy while rejecting putative rights which they see as permitting the economic elite to control the lives of others.

" The first well-known version of anarcho-capitalism was formulated by Austrian School economist and libertarian Murray Rothbard in the mid-twentieth century, synthesizing elements from the Austrian School of economics, classical liberalism, and nineteenth century American individualist anarchists Lysander Spooner and Benjamin Tucker ( rejecting their labor theory of value and the normative implications they derived from it ).

Also important in Bergson's philosophy was the idea of élan vital, the life force, which " brings about the creative evolution of everything " His philosophy also placed a high value on intuition, though without rejecting the importance of the intellect.

If the observed data X < sub > 1 </ sub >, ..., X < sub > n </ sub > are ( i ) uncorrelated, ( ii ) have a common mean μ, and ( iii ) have a common variance σ < sup > 2 </ sup >, then the sample average < span style =" text-decoration: overline "> X </ span > has mean μ and variance σ < sup > 2 </ sup > / n. If our null hypothesis is that the mean value of the population is a given number μ < sub > 0 </ sub >, we can use < span style =" text-decoration: overline "> X </ span > − μ < sub > 0 </ sub > as a test-statistic, rejecting the null hypothesis if < span style =" text-decoration: overline "> X </ span > − μ < sub > 0 </ sub > is large.

Positivism rejected value as lacking cognitive significance, also rejecting the analysis of experience in favor of physicalism.

Others see this " problem " ( the development of a mathematical relationship between prices and labor-values ) as a false one, rejecting the idea that Marx aimed to use his labor theory value to understand relative prices.

Albert and Hahnel argued that while those aspects of Marxist theory rejecting the institutions of private property and markets were well-founded, other aspects of Marxist and Marxist – Leninist doctrine, including its economistic bias, dialectical methodology, historical materialism, class concepts, labour theory of value, crises theory and rejection of visionary thinking, and authoritarian values and tendencies, were either partially or wholly flawed ; and often constituted obstacles in the struggle for social justice.

Employing ethical rhetoric is the first step towards rejecting vague terminology with propagandistic value ( Johannesen 27 ).

This cutoff value determines the boundary between those samples resulting in a test statistic that leads to rejecting the null hypothesis and those that lead to a decision not to reject the null hypothesis.

As well, the movement known as pragmatism is known for forcefully rejecting this distinction by contending that our senses are impregnated with prior conceptualizations, making it impossible to have any observation that is totally value independent, as the positivists implied.

The interval is then divided by computing at two internal points, x < sub > 3 </ sub > and x < sub > 4 </ sub >, and rejecting whichever of the two outer points is not adjacent to that of x < sub > 3 </ sub > and x < sub > 4 </ sub > which has the lowest function value.

* At time 10, the value of accepting a good job is $ 100 ; the value of accepting a bad job is $ 44 ; the value of rejecting the job that is available is zero.

The value of rejecting a job offer is $ 0 now, plus the value of waiting for the next job offer, which will either be $ 44 with 50 % probability or $ 100 with 50 % probability, for an average (' expected ') value of 0. 5 *($ 100 +$ 44 )

The value of rejecting a job offer is $ 0 now, plus the value of waiting for a job offer at time 9.

He went on to write that the law created a statutory guarantee of enforcement, which is an individual benefit and constitutes a protected property interest under Roth, rejecting the court's use of O ' Bannon v. Town Court Nursing Center to require a monetary value and the concurrence's distinction between enforcement of the restraining order ( the violator's arrest ) and the benefit of enforcement ( safety from the violator ).

Some gay film critics felt that film was not political enough: that the characters were too apolitical, too middle class and that, by rejecting the philosophy of free love or sexual liberation, the film was rejecting what some gay activists felt was a necessary value of the new gay liberation movement.

Many classical philosophers and scientists, including Aristotle, considered the heart the seat of thought, reason or emotion, often rejecting the value of the brain.

Also important in Bergson's philosophy was the idea of élan vital, the life force, which " brings about the creative evolution of everything " His philosophy also placed a high value on intuition, though without rejecting the importance of the intellect.