A state of parasympathetic `` tuning '' of the hypothalamus induced experimentally causes not only an increase in the parsympathetic reactivity of this structure to direct and reflexly induced stimuli, but leads also to an autonomic reversal: a stimulus acting sympathetically under control conditions elicits in this state of tuning a parasympathetic response!!

Then in 1875, apparently in response to the nationalizing influence of the Civil War, Congress first gave the lower federal courts general authority -- concurrently with state tribunals -- to decide cases involving federal-right questions.

Also, it can be readily seen that the cutting and peeling types of failure show a steady state response, while the cracking mechanism is of a dynamic nature.

They state that response to any given antipsychotic can be variable so that trials may be necessary, and that lower doses are to be preferred where possible.

# Make sure patient is in an actual comatose state and is not mistaken for locked-in state ( patient will either be able to voluntarily move his eyes or blink ) or psychogenic unresponsiveness ( caloric stimulation of the vestibular apparatus will result in slow deviation of eyes towards the stimulation followed by rapid correction to mid-line ; this response can't be voluntarily suppressed: therefore, if the patient doesn't have this response, then psychogenic coma can be ruled out as a differential )

Many Earth plants and animals undergo major biochemical changes during their life cycles as a response to changing environmental conditions, for example, by having a spore or hibernation state that can be sustained for years or even millennia between more active life stages.

He was comatose, and his medical notes state that the " impression upon admission was acute alcoholic encephalopathy damage to the brain by alcohol, for which the patient was treated without response ".

Once response to the stimulus in the form of fear or aggression commences, the amygdala may elicit the release of hormones into the body to put the person into a state of alertness, in which they are ready to move, run, fight, etc.

This action was taken in response to an appeal obtained from the governor general and to a request for assistance from the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States, without consulting the island's head of state, Queen Elizabeth II, Commonwealth institutions or other usual diplomatic channels ( as had been done in Anguilla ).

Methods PUT and DELETE are defined to be idempotent, meaning that multiple identical requests should have the same effect as a single request ( Note that idempotence refers to the state of the system after the request has completed, so while the action the server takes ( e. g. deleting a record ) or the response code it returns may be different on subsequent requests, the system state will be the same every time ).

In response to Cypriot fears that the Jews would never leave ( since they lacked a state or documentation ) the British later allowed the refugees to enter Palestine at a rate of 750 per month.

As a direct response to Portuguese aggression in the interior, a new Kalanga state emerged called the Rozwi Empire.

It would be difficult to find an area of scientific interest more beset by divided professional opinion and contradictory experimental evidence … No one can say whether hypnosis is a qualitatively unique state with some physiological and conditioned response components or only a form of suggestion induced by high motivation and a positive relationship between hypnotist and subject … T. X.

In response to the controversy surrounding The Bell Curve, the American Psychological Association's Board of Scientific Affairs established a task force in 1995 to write a report on the state of intelligence research which could be used by all sides as a basis for discussion, " Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns ".

Importantly, individuals can also differ not only in their current state, but in the magnitude or even direction of response to a given stimulus.

In response to the external electric field at this frequency, the probability of the atom entering this transition state is greatly increased.

In response, Gaddafi declared that a state of " war with no limits " existed between Libya and the members of the coalition.

A public outcry criticized governments at the local, state, and federal levels, citing that preparation and response was neither fast nor adequate.

While this state is highly stable, it can switch to the lytic pathway in the process of prophage induction, which occurs when the host SOS response is triggered by DNA damage.

It has also been argued that A Modest Proposal was, at least in part, a response to the 1728 essay The Generous Projector or, A Friendly Proposal to Prevent Murder and Other Enormous Abuses, By Erecting an Hospital for Foundlings and Bastard Children by Swift's rival Daniel Defoe.

In addition, it is argued that the current approach based on exceeding a threshold of symptoms does not adequately take into account the context in which a person is living, and to what extent there is internal disorder of an individual versus a psychological response to adverse situations.

In one response to Gettier, the American philosopher Richard Kirkham has argued that the only definition of knowledge that could ever be immune to all counterexamples is the infallibilist one.

In response, Wreen argued that euthanasia has to be voluntary, and that " involuntary euthanasia is, as such, a great wrong ".

In response to the outbreak of World War I, Lenin wrote his book Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism from 1915 to 1916 and published in 1917 in which he argued that capitalism directly leads to imperialism.

In response, philosophers Douglas Rasmussen and Douglas Den Uyl have argued that Nozick misstated Rand's case.

Duns Scotus argued strongly against both nominalism and conceptualism, arguing instead for Scotist realism, a medieval response to the conceptualism of Abelard.

In response to Yarhouse's paper, Jack Drescher argued that " any putative ethical obligation to refer a patient for reparative therapy is outweighed by a stronger ethical obligation to keep patients away from mental health practitioners who engage in questionable clinical practices.

They argued that this was a response to attacks by counter-revolutionary forces.

") They would have argued that his bombing of the Murrah building was a justifiable response to what McVeigh believed were the crimes of the U. S. government at Waco, Texas.

In response, another physicist named Joseph Polchinski sent them a letter in which he argued that one could avoid questions of free will by considering a potentially paradoxical situation involving a billiard ball sent through a wormhole which sends it back in time.

In response, the government argued that Congress does indeed have the latitude to retroactively extend terms, so long as the individual extensions are also for " limited times ," as required by the Constitution.

Some have argued that 1997-1998 represented a monetary policy bind, just as the early 1970s had represented a fiscal policy bind, and that while asset inflation had crept into the United States ( which demanded that the Fed tighten the money supply ), the Federal Reserve needed to ease liquidity in response to the capital flight from Asia.

Charles Taber and Milton Lodge argued that the Stanford team's result had been hard to replicate because the arguments used in later experiments were too abstract or confusing to evoke an emotional response.

It has been argued that the sea cow's decline may have also been an indirect response to the harvest of sea otters by aboriginal people from the inland areas.

In the end Riquier argued — and Alfonso X seems to agree, though his " response " was probably penned by Riquier — that a joglar was a courtly entertainer ( as opposed to popular or low-class one ) and a troubadour was a poet and composer.

More recently, it has been argued that modern bushidō discourse originated in the 1880s as a response to foreign stimuli, such as the English concept of " gentlemanship ," by Japanese with considerable exposure to Western culture.

It has been argued that SAD is an evolved adaptation in humans that is a variant or remnant of a hibernation response in some remote ancestor.

As early as in 1934, in response to the recently published excerpt " The Mookse and the Gripes ", Ronald Symond argued that " the characters in Work in Progress, in keeping with the space-time chaos in which they live, change identity at will.

Historians Victor Davis Hanson and Donald Kagan have argued that Epaminondas's so-called " oblique formation " was not an intentional and preconceived innovation in infantry tactics, but was rather a clever response to circumstances.

Although in 1977 cultural anthropologist Jules de Leeuwe argued that some societies were " mainly gynecocratic " ( others being " mainly androcratic "), he did not identify any in his short response.

In response to accusations that his band's lyrics desensitize people to violence, Alex Webster argued death metal fans enjoy the music only because they know the violence depicted in its lyrics is not real:

The director, Thomas Schendel, in his response to critics, argued that the classical and common plays would not offer enough roles that would justify a repertoire position for a black actor in a German theatre company.

Many of the American players believed the Europeans ' response was hypocritical ; they argued that European players – in particular Seve Ballesteros – had been guilty of excessive celebration and gamesmanship as far back as the 1985 Ryder Cup Matches, without attracting the same opprobrium from the European media.