A surprise attack from the Americans would destroy much of the Soviet ICBM fleet, allowing SDI to defeat a “ ragged ” Soviet retaliatory response.

By 1974, another challenge to the state's authority and legitimacy had come from 19 April Movement ( M-19 ), a mostly urban guerrilla group founded allegedly in response to an electoral fraud during the final National Front election of Misael Pastrana ( 1970 – 1974 ) and the defeat of former dictator Gustavo Rojas.

( Some modern textual scholars consider that the Song of Moses, believed to be originally distinct from the surrounding text of Deuteronomy and not written by Moses, may in reality have been written in response to the theological implications of this disastrous defeat, possibly by Samuel himself.

On 14 May 1955, the USSR established the Warsaw Pact in response to the integration of the Federal Republic of Germany into NATO in October 1954 – only nine years after the defeat of Nazi Germany ( 1933 – 45 ) that ended with the Soviet and Allied invasion of Germany in 1944 / 45 during World War II in Europe.

In response to this call, Mstislav the Bold and Mstislav Romanovich the Old joined forces and set out eastward to meet the foe, only to be routed in 1223 at the Battle of the Kalka River, a defeat remembered to this day in Russia and Ukraine.

In response to the first threat, Rome's best general, Lucius Licinius Lucullus ( consul in 74 BC ), was sent to defeat Mithridates, followed shortly by his brother Varro Lucullus ( consul in 73 BC ).

Both the battles of Huck ’ s Defeat and Kings Mountain, a direct response to the Waxhaw Massacre, were fought in the New Acquisition, and Lord Cornwallis was forced northward, and ultimately to surrender at Yorktown, after facing defeat in the Carolina Upcountry.

In response to the defeat at Manzikert and subsequent Byzantine losses in Anatolia in 1074, Pope Gregory VII had called for the milites Christi (" soldiers of Christ ") to go to Byzantium's aid.

An affirmative response brings Ness, conscious, back to the last telephone he saved from, with half the money on his person at the time of his defeat, and any other party members showing as still unconscious.

This was a defeat for the common law, and in response Coke spent the summer issuing writs of prohibition to again challenge Bancroft and the High Commission.

In 1988, in response to a proposal to field only female candidates in the following election, Carr and her husband Paul George returned briefly to active involvement to defeat the proposal.

In response, a Japanese website posted guidelines on how to write an English-language letter of protest to Google, and how to attack VANK's website ; they were quoted as stating, " We must fight against VANK ... We lost our sea, but this does not mean a defeat.

In response to this defeat, Tiberius replaced Justinian with the future emperor Maurice.

Outrage at McCarthy's handling of the Sufi cemetery issue as well as his ( with the collusion of the town board ) lack of response to public concerns and secrecy surrounding a proposed natural gas pipeline through the town led to greater political awareness and activism in the town resulting in the defeat of council-members Hamilton and Schaeffer in the off-year elections of November 2011.

Bruce's new tactic was a response to a crushing defeat for the Scots at Falkirk when the first recorded use of the schiltron by a Scottish army failed in the face of a combination of Welsh conscripted longbowmen, English archers and English cavalry.

This was in response to weaknesses exposed by China's defeat by Japan in the First Sino-Japanese War in 1894-5, not long after the First and Second Opium Wars ; this blow came as a major shock to the Chinese, because Japan had been regarded as a tributary state, was much smaller than China, and was regarded as inferior.

On the October 2, 2006 episode of Raw, interference from the newly reformed D-Generation X ( DX ) ( Triple H and Shawn Michaels ) cost Edge his " final chance " at John Cena's WWE Championship in a Steel cage match, though their interference was a response to the interference of Lance Cade and Trevor Murdoch, led to Edge approaching Randy Orton and asking him to join forces to defeat DX, which Orton accepted and joined an alliance with Edge.

The Benin Expedition of 1897 was a punitive expedition by a United Kingdom force of 1, 200 under Admiral Sir Harry Rawson in response to the defeat of a previous British-led invasion force under Acting Consul General James Philips ( which had left all but two men dead ).

It dramatises the Persian response to news of their military defeat at the Battle of Salamis ( 480 BC ), which was a decisive episode in the Greco – Persian Wars ; as such, the play is also notable for being the only extant Greek tragedy that is based on contemporary events.

The Persian invasion was a delayed response to the defeat of the first Persian invasion of Greece, which had been ended by the Athenian victory at the Battle of Marathon.

Its growth was greatly accelerated by international enthusiasm for the Cultural Revolution in China, but it began to decline in response to controversial Chinese foreign policy decisions in the last years of Mao's life, his death and the subsequent defeat of the Gang of Four.

The war was a response to the 9 / 11 terrorist attacks, and was intended to defeat the Taliban government and rout Al-Qaeda.

For example, a contemporary British drawing of the fighting in Sudan was entitled " The defeat of the Dervishes at Toski " ( see History of Sudan ( 1884 – 1898 )# British response ).

Selkirk men fought with William Wallace at Stirling Brig and Falkirk, and also with Robert the Bruce at Bannockburn, but it is Selkirk's connection with The Battle of Flodden in 1513, her response to the call of the King, the brave bearing of her representatives on the fatal field, and the tragic return of the sole survivor, provide the Royal Burgh with its proudest and most maudlin memories, it being the celebration of a five hundred year old defeat.

Historians ( in particular Hugh Kennedy ) have argued that the concentric defence arose as a response to advances in siege technology in the crusader states from the 12th to the 13th century.

In 1149 Mu ' in ad-Din led raids against crusader territory, in response to their raids against the territory of Damascus which they continued to make after the failure of their siege.

In response, the United Kingdom declares war on Germany.

In response, Jacobs and many of the New West End congregants established the New London Synagogue, which became the center of Masorti Judaism in the United Kingdom.

The swift expansion of the Commonwealth after decolonisation saw the newly-independent countries demand the creation of the Commonwealth Secretariat, and the United Kingdom, in response, successfully founding the Commonwealth Foundation.

The Council also condemned and executed Jan Hus and ruled on issues of national sovereignty, the rights of pagans, and just war in response to a conflict between the Kingdom of Poland and the Order of the Teutonic Knights.

Thus in A v United Kingdom, the Court dismissed a claim that a derogation lodged by the British government in response to the September 11 attacks was invalid, but went on to find that measures taken by the United Kingdom under that derogation were disproportionate .< ref >

Although Secret Messages debuted at number four in the United Kingdom, it fell off the charts, failing to catch fire with a lack of hit singles in the U. K. ( though " Rock ' n ' Roll Is King " was a sizeable hit in UK, the US and Australia ) and a lukewarm media response.

This was done in response to a United Kingdom government request that the General Assembly " make recommendations under article 10 of the Charter, concerning the future government of Palestine ".

* The Gay and Lesbian Kingdom of the Coral Sea Islands, founded in June 2004 on the uninhabited Coral Sea Islands off the coast of Queensland, in response to the Australian government's refusal to recognize same-sex marriage.

On 31 March 1939, in response to Nazi Germany's defiance of the Munich Agreement and occupation of Czechoslovakia, the United Kingdom pledged the support of itself and France to guarantee the independence of Poland, Belgium, Romania, Greece, and Turkey.

The advisory opinion was issued in response to a formal request made by the International Seabed Authority following two prior applications the Authority's Legal and Technical Commission had received from the Republics of Nauru and Tonga regarding proposed activities ( a plan of work to explore for polymetallic nodules ) to be undertaken in the Area by two State-sponsored contractors ( Nauru Ocean Resources Inc. ( sponsored by the Republic of Nauru ) and Tonga Offshore Mining Ltd. ( sponsored by the Kingdom of Tonga ).

The growing practice, in the United Kingdom and elsewhere, of Care in the Community was instituted partly in response to such concerns.

Parts of Yugoslavia were annexed to Hungary ; the United Kingdom immediately broke off diplomatic relations in response.

In response to this debate, the Firearms ( Amendment ) Act 1997 and the Firearms ( Amendment ) ( No. 2 ) Act 1997 were enacted, which effectively made private ownership of handguns illegal in the United Kingdom.

As part of the UK's response to this incident the Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, William Hague, announced on 30 November 2011 that the United Kingdom had shut the embassy in Tehran and recalled all diplomatic staff.

In response to the failure of women candidates, six were appointed to the Shura Council, which also includes representatives of the Kingdom ’ s indigenous Jewish and Christian communities.

Buchan put great effort into securing a positive response to the invitation sent to King George in May 1937 ; after more than a year without a reply, in June 1938 Buchan headed to the United Kingdom for personal holidays, but also to procure a decision on the possible royal tour.

Shankar heard about the positive response Khan received and resigned from AIR in 1956 to tour the United Kingdom, Germany, and the United States.

There was an overwhelmingly positive critical and fan response to " A Different Kind of Truth ," which helped to fuel the album's long run in the upper reaches of the U. S. Billboard 200 Album Chart ; additionally, it earned the band its highest-ever charting album in the United Kingdom ( debuting at No. 6 ).

For the United Kingdom, the Independent Television Commission banned Springer and other tabloid talk programs from being shown on television during daytime hours on school holidays in response to numerous parental complaints and concerns about children's potential exposure to the salacious content ( there was a short-running British version of the show made for ITV called The Springer Show that was lighter and more tongue-in-cheek ).

A cabinet Office Briefing Rooms ( COBR ) is a crisis response committee, coordinating the actions of bodies within the government of the United Kingdom in response to instances of national or regional crisis, or during events abroad with major implications for the UK.

The United Kingdom imposed minor sanctions and diplomatic slights as a response to the treaty, fearing that Amanullah was slipping out of their sphere of influence and realising that the policy of the Afghanistan government was to have control of all of the Pashtun speaking groups on both sides of the Durand Line.

It gained a good response in the United Kingdom, with the NME describing their garage rock sound as " of the oldest school ".