To some, Young's was a brilliant strategy of neutralizing his opponent's strengths and forcing the bout to be fought on his own terms, exposing Ali's inability to fight a counterpuncher.

where E is the Young's modulus, ν is Poisson's ratio, and K < sub > I </ sub > is the stress intensity factor in mode I. Irwin also showed that the strain energy release rate of a planar crack in a linear elastic body can be expressed in terms of the mode I, mode II ( sliding mode ), and mode III ( tearing mode ) stress intensity factors for the most general loading conditions.

Young's career after World War II was far more prolific and lucrative than in the pre-war years in terms of recordings made, live performances, and annual income.

The bulk modulus can be expressed in terms of the density and the speed of sound in the medium () as

For example, some references, and Wolfram's Mathematica software, define the complete elliptic integral of the first kind in terms of the parameter m, instead of the elliptic modulus k.

The third is in terms z and of a modulus τ in the upper half-plane.

The second variable might be given in terms of the parameter m, or as the elliptic modulus k, where k < sup > 2 </ sup > = m, or in terms of the modular angle α, where m = sin < sup > 2 </ sup > α.

Pure silver is less malleable than lead and falls between lead and copper in terms of hardness ( 2. 5 Mohs ) and shear modulus ( 30 GPa ).

Note that the half-period ratio can be thought of as a simple number, namely, one of the parameters to elliptic functions, or it can be thought of as a function itself, because the half periods can be given in terms of the elliptic modulus or in terms of the nome.

Moreover, the speed of convergence in terms of the Lipschitz constants of the approximations is strictly related to the modulus of continuity of Precisely, let be the minimal concave modulus of continuity of which is

In the proof that is Riemann integrable, one usually bounds the distance between the upper and lower Riemann sums with respect to the Riemann partition in terms of the modulus of continuity of f and the modulus of the partition:

The elliptic modulus can be expressed in terms of the quarter periods as

In terms of the ratio of cargo weight a bicycle can carry to total weight, it is also an efficient means of cargo transportation.

Chile's distinctive shape — long and on average wide — makes it the longest country in the world in terms of length-to-width ratio, with the fifth lengthiest coastline at over.

The height of columns are calculated in terms of a ratio between the diameter of the shaft at its base and the height of the column.

With the writings of Théophile de Donder as precedent, Ilya Prigogine and Defay in Chemical Thermodynamics ( 1954 ) defined chemical affinity in terms of the uncompensated heat of reaction Q the reaction progress variable or reaction extent ξ ; as the ratio of their infinitesimal increments:

Further, density may be expressed in terms of weight density ( the weight of the material per unit volume ) or as a ratio of the density with the density of a common material such as air or water.

The cut-off ratio can be expressed in terms of temperature as shown below:

For signals of indefinite size, such as streaming audio and video, the compression ratio is defined in terms of uncompressed and compressed data rates instead of data sizes:

Today the consensus regarding FM is that narrow band FM is not so advantageous in terms of noise reduction, but wide band FM can bring great improvement in signal to noise ratio if the signal is stronger than a certain threshold.

In terms of the ratio of refractive indices,

The last equality expresses skewness in terms of the ratio of the third cumulant κ < sub > 3 </ sub > and the 1. 5th power of the second cumulant κ < sub > 2 </ sub >.

The amount of metallicity in a star is given in terms of the ratio of iron ( Fe ), an easily observed heavy element, to hydrogen.

Pre-emphasis is usually employed in frequency modulation or phase modulation transmitters to equalize the modulating signal drive power in terms of deviation ratio.

In quantitative terms, it is the complex ratio of the voltage to the current in an alternating current ( AC ) circuit.

It may also be defined on a logarithmic scale, in terms of the decimal logarithm of the same ratio (" dB gain ").

The earliest major philosophers to publish in English, such as Francis Bacon, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke also routinely wrote in Latin and French, and compared their terms to Greek, treating the words " logos ", " ratio ", " raison " and " reason " as inter-changeable.

When the light or other wave involved is monochromatic, that is, of a single frequency, Snell's law can also be expressed in terms of a ratio of wavelengths in the two media, λ < sub > 1 </ sub > and λ < sub > 2 </ sub >:

To compute the concentration ratio, the firms are ranked in order of size “ usually measured in terms of sale ”, starting from the largest in the industry at the top and going down to the smallest firm at the bottom.

It is defined by body mass index ( BMI ) and further evaluated in terms of fat distribution via the waist – hip ratio and total cardiovascular risk factors.

The values of K and N depend on the rank of the coal and can be expressed in terms of ratio of fixed carbon ( FC ) to Volatile matter ( VM )

the extracellular concentration of that ion ( in moles per cubic meter, to match the other SI units, though the units strictly don't matter, as the ion concentration terms become a dimensionless ratio )

The ratio of oxidized to reduced molecules, /, is equivalent to the probability of being oxidized ( giving electrons ) over the probability of being reduced ( taking electrons ), which we can write in terms of the Boltzmann factors for these processes:

In layman's terms a ratio represents, simply, for every amount of one thing, how much there is of another thing.

However, a ratio with more than two terms cannot be completely converted into a single fraction ; a single fraction represents only one part of the ratio since a fraction can only compare two numbers.

A ratio that has integers for both quantities and that cannot be reduced any further ( using integers ) is said to be in simplest form or lowest terms.

Hooke's ultimate failure to secure sufficiently lucrative terms for the exploitation of this idea resulted in its being shelved, and evidently caused him to become more jealous of his inventions.

Hooke's law in simple terms says that stress is directly proportional to strain.

Because Hooke's law neglects higher order terms ( so only the linear term dominates ), in certain cases, such as rubbery materials, these conditions may not hold.

The use of terms and titles, including derivatives such as Architectural Designer, and the representation of oneself as an architect is restricted to licensed individuals by law.

It was also intended so that Americans with disabilities would be kept in the mainstream in terms of scientific and medical research and developments, especially opening future opportunities in Space exploration to them, as well as public policy changes, healthcare law and policy changes, and civil rights protections and public law changes for Americans with physical, mental and cognitive disabilities.

" In practical terms, the most important law in the code may well be the very first: " We enjoin, what is most necessary, that each man keep carefully his oath and his pledge ," which expresses a fundamental tenet of Anglo-Saxon law.

The terms of the Artistic License 1. 0 were at issue in a 2007 federal district court decision in the US which was criticized by some for suggesting that FOSS-like licenses could only be enforced through contract law rather than through copyright law, in contexts where contract damages would be difficult to establish.

In terms of ultra vires actions in the broad sense, a reviewing court may set aside an administrative decision if it is unreasonable ( under Canadian law, following the rejection of the " Patently Unreasonable " standard by the Supreme Court in Dunsmuir v. New Brunswick ), Wednesbury unreasonable ( under British law ), or arbitrary and capricious ( under U. S. Administrative Procedure Act and New York State law ).

To consider but one example, the First Amendment to the United States Constitution states " Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof "— but interpretation ( that is, determining the fine boundaries, and resolving the tension between the " establishment " and " free exercise " clauses ) of each of the important terms was delegated by Article III of the Constitution to the judicial branch, so that the current legal boundaries of the Constitutional text can only be determined by consulting the common law.

) In reliance on this assumption, modern statutes often leave a number of terms and fine distinctions unstated — for example, a statute might be very brief, leaving the precise definition of terms unstated, under the assumption that these fine distinctions will be inherited from pre-existing common law.

Courts generally interpret statutes that create new causes of action narrowly – that is, limited to their precise terms — because the courts generally recognize the legislature as being supreme in deciding the reach of judge-made law unless such statute should violate some " second order " constitutional law provision ( cf.

Drude's model described properties of metals in terms of a gas of free electrons, and was the first microscopic model to explain empirical observations such as the Wiedemann – Franz law.

Thus in Austinian terms a moral code can objectively determine what people ought to do, the law can embody whatever norms the legislature decrees to achieve social utility, but every individual remains free to choose what to do.

Thus criminal law grew out what 21st-century lawyers would call torts ; and, in real terms, many acts and omissions classified as crimes actually overlap with civil-law concepts.

As UCLA law professor Stephen Yeazell has pointed out, the most likely reason is that the abysmally poor transportation, communications, and administrative apparatus of medieval times made it impossible for the English sovereign to directly manage the entire country in terms of individuals ; it was easier to structure society by imposing obligations upon groups which were enforced by the sporadic use of force.

In this globalising world, comparative law is important for it provides a platform for intellectual exchange in terms of law and it cultivates a culture of understanding in a diverse world.

Part of this rejection was due to the belief that atoms of one element would have no chemical affinity towards atoms of the same element, and part was due to apparent exceptions to Avogadro's law that were not explained until later in terms of dissociating molecules.

In the most basic terms, the edict was ignorant of the law of supply and demand: it ignored the fact that prices might vary from region to region according to product availability, and it ignored the impact of transportation costs in the retail price of goods.

The terms de jure and de facto are used instead of " in law " and " in practice ", respectively, when one is describing political or legal situations.