In the 1880s, Wilhelm Ostwald at Leipzig University started a systematic investigation into reactions that were catalyzed by the presence of acids and bases, and found that chemical reactions occur at finite rates and that these rates can be used to determine the strengths of acids and bases.

During the 1880s, five foreign editions contained two revelations to John Taylor that were received in 1882 and 1883 ; these revelations " set in order " the priesthood, gave more clarification about the roles of priesthood offices — especially the Seventy — and required Priesthood leaders to live plural marriage in order to qualify to hold their church positions.

However three regiments of Spanish dragoons had been reestablished by the 1880s and these continued in existence until the overthrow of the Monarch in 1931.

By the 1880s, these had evolved into small ships of 50-100 tons, fast enough to evade enemy picket boats.

Thousands of these hunters quickly eliminated the bison herds, bringing the population from several million in the early 1800s to a few hundred by the 1880s.

One of these hotels — the Wawona Hotel, built in the 1880s — still operates.

During this period, Asian women were still wearing traditional hairstyles held up with combs, pins and sticks crafted from tortoise, metal, wood and other materials, but in the middle 1880s, upper-class Japanese women began pushing back their hair in the Western style ( known as sokuhatsu ), or adopting Westernized versions of traditional Japanese hairstyles ( these were called yakaimaki, or literally, soirée chignon ).

The realisation that older strata could, via faulting, be found above younger strata, was arrived at more or less independently by geologists in all these areas during the 1880s.

In the 1880s electric trams were installed in many cities, which induced noise into these circuits.

In the late 1880s, these open-range ranchers were displaced by an influx of settlers ; by 1890, almost every quarter-section ( 160 acres, or 65 ha ) was claimed by homesteaders.

In the early 1880s Sargent regularly exhibited portraits at the Salon, and these were mostly full-length portrayals of women, such as Madame Edouard Pailleron ( 1880 ) ( done en plein-air ) and Madame Ramón Subercaseaux ( 1881 ).

In the late 1880s, due to the collapse of wine harvest in Europe, most of these were " converted " to whisky storage.

Most functional and sought-after of these machines are cast-iron, pedal-operated devices manufactured beginning in the 1880s by bindery equipment makers like F. P Rosback Co. and Latham Machinery Co. Rosback also produced table-top perforators, but surviving models are exceedingly rare.

As one scholar has explained, " The overwhelming evidence from internal documents of these Synod churches, and particularly their schools ... indicates that the German-American school was a bilingual one much ( perhaps a whole generation or more ) earlier than 1917, and that the majority of the pupils may have been English-dominant bilinguals from the early 1880s on ".

The term Pointillism was first coined by art critics in the late 1880s to ridicule the works of these artists, and is now used without its earlier mocking connotation.

Large numbers of these captured Chassepot rifles were converted to 11 mm Mauser metallic cartridge and shortened to carbine size in order to serve with German cavalry and artillery until the early 1880s.

Because of the generally smaller size and isolation of the central islands, few major terrestrial mammals have colonized these, though red and arctic foxes were introduced for the sake of the fur trade in the 1880s.

Among these was " The Lost Chord ", which Arthur Sullivan set to music in 1877 ; this song was the most commercially successful of the 1870s and 1880s in both Britain and the United States.

Attempts were made in the mid 1880s, 1898 – 1901 and 1913-1914 to mine sulphur from White Island but the last of these came to a halt in September 1914, when part of the western crater rim collapsed, creating a lahar which killed all 10 workers.

During these years from 1882 through 1883, Plekhanov became a convinced Marxist and in the late 1880s he established personal contact with Frederick Engels.

It appears that predation by invasive mammalian species including ship rats, cats, and mustelids was an additional factor in the decline in Huia numbers – introduction of these animals by New Zealand Acclimatisation Societies peaked in the 1880s and coincided with a particularly sharp decline in Huia populations.

James Nicol recognised the fallacy in the Murchison's extant theory and propounded his own ideas, in the 1880s these were superseded by the correct theory of Charles Lapworth, which was corroborated by Benjamin Peach and John Horne.

Cross began to experience troubles with his eyes in the early 1880s, and these grew more severe in the 1900s.

He showed his invention at the 1876 Centennial Exhibition in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and continued to work on these and other various paper fasteners through the 1880s.

He was also frequently invited to conduct choirs in many capital cities of Europe during the 1850s through the 1880s, having at this point developed an international reputation.

In the 1870s and 1880s, the Mississippi River inspired two classic books – Life on the Mississippi and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn – written by native Missourian Samuel Clemens, who used the pseudonym Mark Twain.

In the early 1880s Macnamara now embarked on his most ambitious project yet, no doubt inspired by the building of Mentmore by Baron Mayer de Rothschild five miles away.

Livingstone inspired missionaries of the London Missionary Society to come in the 1880s to Niamkolo on the lake and Fwambo and Kawimbe on the plateau.

His 1884 albumen photography of storks inspired aviation pioneer Otto Lilienthal's experimental gliders in the late 1880s.

Although the house was criticised by the architectural historian Professor Sir Nikolaus Pevsner for being ugly, Bagshot Park was the most adventurous Royal house to be created since the death of Albert, the Prince Consort of Queen Victoria, in 1861, and is a remarkable monument in the history of Indian taste in Britain: an Indian billiard room wing, which inspired the more famous Durbar Room at Osborne House, was prefabricated in India and installed in the 1880s, the result of the Duke of Connaught's Indian tour, when the Duke met John Lockwood Kipling and asked him to design and oversee the installation of a billiard room in Indian taste.

For instance, Capri, painted in 1890, was probably inspired by Monet ´ s paintings of the cliffs at Varengeville, Pourville, and Etretat and the rocks at Bell-Ile of the early 1880s.

In the 1880s Majorelle turned out pastiches of Louis XV furniture styles, which he exhibited in 1894 at the Exposition d ' Art Décoratif et Industriel of Decorative and Industrial Art in Nancy, but the influence of the glass-and furniture-maker Emile Gallé ( 1846 – 1904 ) inspired him to take his production in new directions.

In the 1880s, Itō Hirobumi, then one of Sangi, started to examine the reformation of the governmental organization.

As an emancipated slave, in the 1880s and early 1890s John Louis Brown became a Supreme Grand Archon ( national leader ) of the Knights of the Wise Men, a fraternal organization that gave support and insurance to the African-American community.

In the 1880s, the organization revived under new leadership that provided a platform for renewed growth, by advocating federal pensions for veterans.

The Southern Farmers Alliance began as a national organization in the early 1880s.

In 1877 the Workingmen's Party met at Newark, New Jersey in a convention which changed the name of the organization to the Socialist Labor Party ( generally rendered in English throughout the 1880s as " Socialistic Labor Party ," a more stilted rendition of the German name of the group, Sozialistischen Arbeiter-Partei ).

These tactics ( inherited from SRs ' predecessor in the Populist movement, People's Will, a conspiratorial organization of the 1880s ) were intended to embolden the " masses " and to intimidate (" terrorize ") the Tsarist government into political concessions.

The organization faded into oblivion in the second half of the 1880s, with its basic program reborn shortly under the aegis of the People's Party, commonly known as the " Populists.

However, the term as normally used in English specifically refers to the organization established by Italian immigrants in the United States during the 1880s who, though fluent in their Southern Italian regional languages, had no access to Standard Italian or even a grammar school education.

The left-leaning organization emerged in the 1880s to serve as an organization housing the supporters of Premier Andrew G. Blair and, later, federal Liberal Party of Canada leader Wilfrid Laurier.

The Knights of Honor also held to the theory that true charity should not be confined to any society or creed, and during the yellow fever epidemics in the 1870s and 1880s, large sums of money were disbursed by the agents of the order to sufferers outside of the organization.

NAWSA was by far the largest organization working for women's suffrage in the U. S. From her first endeavors in Iowa in the 1880s to her last in Tennessee in 1920, Catt supervised dozens of campaigns, mobilized numerous volunteers ( 1 million by the end ), and made hundreds of speeches.

* 1880s: After Narodniks killed Emperor Alexander II of Russia, there were repressions against their organization.

Black Repartition ( Чёрный передел in Russian, or Chyornyi peredel ; also known as Black Partition ), Party of Socialists-Federalists, a revolutionary populist organization in Russia in the early 1880s.

During the early 1880s this Texas Farmers ' State Alliance was considered to be a loose part of the Northern Alliance organization.

The Knights of Labor emerged as a major force in the late 1880s, but it collapsed because of poor organization, lack of effective leadership, disagreement over goals, and strong opposition from employers and government forces.