During the 1970s and 1990s, there was an epistemological shift away from the positivist traditions that had largely informed the discipline.

Until the 1970s there was considerable debate within psychiatry on the most appropriate term to use to describe the new drugs.

From Roy Ayers in the 1970s to Randy Weston in the 1990s, there have been collaborations which have resulted in albums such as Africa: Centre of the World by Roy Ayers, released on the Polydore label in 1981.

Eddie Milne at Blyth ( Northumberland ) and Dick Taverne in Lincoln were both victims of such intrigues during the 1970s, but in both cases there was enough of a local outcry by party members – and the electorate – for them to fight and win their seats as independent candidates against the official Labour candidates.

MacKie's theory has fallen from favour too, mainly because from the 1970s there was a general move away from ' diffusionist ' explanations in archaeology towards those involving exclusively indigenous development.

Particularly in the 1970s and 1980s, there was a significant push to understand the relationships between these climatic parameters and properties of ecosystem energetics because such discoveries would enable the prediction of rates of energy capture and transfer among components within ecosystems.

In the early 1970s liquid crystal displays ( LCDs ) were in their infancy and there was a great deal of concern that they only had a short operating lifetime.

In the 1970s there were very few cryptographers, except for those in military or intelligence organizations, and little academic study of cryptography.

By the early 1970s there were 22 associations with women's sections in the FIH and 36 associations in the IFWHA.

By the mid 1970s, there were enough media zines being published that adzines existed just to advertise all of the other zines available.

In Britain, there have since 2001 been created a number of fanzines pastiching children's comics of the 1970s and 1980s ( e. g. Solar Wind, Pony School, etc .).

Since the 1970s there has been a revolution in scholarship: the Elohist source is now widely regarded as no more than a variation on the Yahwist, while the Priestly source is increasingly seen not as a document but as a body of revisions and expansions to the Yahwist ( or " non-Priestly ") material.

Dozens of other cultural and popular icons got their start in the Village's nightclub, theater, and coffeehouse scene during the 1950s, 1960s, and early 1970s, notably besides Bob Dylan, there were Jimi Hendrix, Barbra Streisand, Peter, Paul, and Mary, Bette Midler, The Lovin ' Spoonful, Simon & Garfunkel, Liza Minnelli, Jackson Browne, James Taylor, Eric Andersen, Joan Baez, The Velvet Underground, The Kingston Trio, Carly Simon, Richie Havens, Maria Muldaur, Tom Paxton, Janis Ian, Phil Ochs, Joni Mitchell, Laura Nyro, and Nina Simone among others.

Scale modeling is no longer a high growth industry as it was during the 1960s and 1970s, but there are still thousands of retail shops selling kits, supplies, paints, and tools to support new and established hobbyists.

Iraq also sought to ally itself with Kuwait and with Saudi Arabia, two neighboring countries with which there had been considerable friction during much of the 1970s.

A study of victims of father – daughter incest in the 1970s showed that there were " common features " within families before the occurrence of incest: estrangement between the mother and the daughter, extreme paternal dominance, and reassignment of some of the mother's traditional major family responsibility to the daughter.

Andreas Köstenberger states that there is strong evidence that parts of the Testimonium are authentic, and that the comparison of the Greek versions with the Arabic version ( discovered by Shlomo Pines in the 1970s ) provides an indication of the original Josephan text.

First, in the 1970s, there were the Jacksonville Sharks of the World Football League.

" In the 1960s and 1970s however there were still periodic border clashes.

Until the 1970s there were no more than a dozen such sites around the moor, usually in the most inaccessible locations.

The city has been traditionally quiet but in the late 1960s and early 1970s there were a series of mainly youth demonstrations confronted by the police.

From the time of the great Kushan ruler Kanishka to the 1970s, there were sixteen national loya jirgas and hundreds of smaller ones.

By the early 1970s, there were many and varied implementations of MUMPS on a range of hardware platforms.

In the 1970s there occurred a publishing " maze craze " in which numerous books, and some magazines, were commercially available in nationwide outlets and devoted exclusively to mazes of a complexity that was able to challenge adults as well as children ( for whom simple maze puzzles have long been provided both before, during, and since the 1970s " craze ").

In the 1970s, it became clear that the clocks participating in TAI were ticking at different rates due to gravitational time dilation, and the combined TAI scale therefore corresponded to an average of the altitudes of the various clocks.

During the post-World War I period ski-lifts were built in Swiss and Austrian towns to accommodate winter visitors, but summer tourism continued to be important ; by the mid-20th century the popularity of downhill skiing increased greatly as it became more accessible and in the 1970s several new villages were built in France devoted almost exclusively to skiing, such a Les Menuires.

Through the late 1970s and early 1980s, the group's popularity continued to grow ( although they were always more popular in North America and Continental Europe than in their home country, never achieving a UK Top 40 single or Top 20 album ).

The early 1960s and 1970s ( up until his death in 1976 ) were marked by key works in Helsinki, in particular the huge town plan for the void in centre of Helsinki adjacent to Töölö Bay and the vast railway yards, and marked on the edges by significant buildings such as the National Museum and the main railway station, both by Eliel Saarinen.

In the 1970s, Abraham Moles and Frieder Nake were among the first to analyze links between aesthetics, information processing, and information theory.

All these calculations to produce a quadrant elevation ( or range ) and azimuth were done manually by highly trained soldiers using instruments, tabulated data, data of the moment and approximations until battlefield computers started appearing in the 1960s and 1970s.

In the 1970s, high levels of dioxin were found in the breast milk of South Vietnamese women, and in the blood of U. S. soldiers who had served in Vietnam.

for torpedo manufacture ( which were test-fired in Loch Long ) and then in the early 1970s was the scene of the Plessey sit-in.

Improved versions of the AIM-7 were developed in the 1970s in an attempt to address the weapon's limitations.

During their heyday from the late 1970s to the mid-1990s, most BBSes were run as a hobby free of charge by the system operator ( or " SysOp "), while other BBSes charged their users a subscription fee for access, or were operated by a business as a means of supporting their customers.

With the original 110 and 300 baud modems of the late 1970s, BBSes were particularly slow and file transfers were typically limited to text files ( lists of BBS systems were a common example ) and small software applications, typically terminal programs for accessing BBSes.

These generals were being replaced by colonels who had entered the army in the early 1970s and whose view of the world had been shaped less by ideology and more by pragmatism.

The Baltimore Orioles of the 1970s, led by manager Earl Weaver, were an example of such a " slugging " team that aspired to score most of its runs via home runs.

During the early 1970s, Manchester United were no longer competing among the top teams in England, and at several stages were battling against relegation.

As the 1970s passed, global efforts to prevent the development of biological weapons and their use were widespread.

The cabal was created in an effort to facilitate reliable propagation of new Usenet posts: While in the 1970s and 1980s many news servers only operated during night time to save on the cost of long distance communication, servers of the backbone cabal were available 24 hours a day.

OCD, hip and elbow dysplasia have remained almost unknown, as were congenital eye and heart diseases before the 1970s.

By the mid 1970s, born again Christians were increasingly referred to in the mainstream media as part of the born again movement.

A more general approach to this technology was introduced in the 1970s when systems were designed to run multiple computation threads in parallel.