As early as the 6th century B.C. the earth was seen to be spherical.

At Eretria the identity of an excavated 7th and 6th century temple to Apollo Daphnephoros, " Apollo, laurel-bearer ", or " carrying off Daphne ", a " place where the citizens are to take the oath ", is identified in inscriptions.

In the 6th century BC the kingdom of Lydia almost expanded to the whole of Asia Minor, until it became a satrapy of the Persian Empire.

Later during the 6th century BC, most of Anatolia was conquered by the Persian Achaemenid Empire, the Persians having usurped the Medes as the dominant dynasty in Iran.

Also, in the 6th century BC, the Indo-European Armenians founded the Orontid Dynasty in Urartu.

In India, the Ājīvika, Jain, and Cārvāka schools of atomism may date back to the 6th century BCE.

In general, the alphabets of the Mediterranean region ( Anatolia, Greece, Italy ) are classified as Phoenician-derived, adapted from around the 8th century BCE, while those of the East ( the Levant, Persia, Central Asia and India ) are considered Aramaic-derived, adapted from around the 6th century BCE from the Imperial Aramaic script of the Achaemenid Empire.

By the 6th century BC, the Celtic La Tène culture was well established.

The first case recorded of the partial exemption of an abbot from episcopal control is that of Faustus, abbot of Lerins, at the council of Arles, AD 456 ; but the exorbitant claims and exactions of bishops, to which this repugnance to episcopal control is to be traced, far more than to the arrogance of abbots, rendered it increasingly frequent, and, in the 6th century, the practice of exempting religious houses partly or altogether from episcopal control, and making them responsible to the pope alone, received an impulse from Pope Gregory the Great.

* Pherecydes of Syros ( 6th century BC )

The earliest records of the study of this phenomenon are attributed to the philosopher Pythagoras in the 6th century BC.

In the 6th century BC, the ancient Greek philosopher Pythagoras wanted to know why some musical intervals seemed more beautiful than others, and he found answers in terms of numerical ratios representing the harmonic overtone series on a string.

Rebuilt by the emperor Justin I after an earthquake in the 6th century, it became Justinopolis ( 525 ); but the old native name persisted, and when Thoros I, king of Lesser Armenia, made it his capital early in the 12th century, it was known as Anazarva.

Area settled by the Alemanni, and sites of Roman-Alamannic battles, 3rd to 6th century

Thus 6th century Gallo-Romans of Gregory's class, surrounded by the ruins of Roman temples and public buildings, attributed the destruction they saw to the plundering raids of the Alemanni.

The gold bracteate of Pliezhausen ( 6th or 7th century ) shows typical iconography of the pagan period.

We know that in the 6th century, the Alemanni were predominantly pagan, and in the 8th century, they were predominantly Christian.

Alcaeus ( Alkaios, ) of Mytilene ( c. 620 – 6th century BC ), Greek lyric poet from Lesbos Island who is credited with inventing the Alcaic verse.

By the 6th century Alexander's commentaries on Aristotle were considered so useful that he was referred to as " the commentator " ().

Anacharsis (; ) was a Scythian philosopher who travelled from his homeland on the northern shores of the Black Sea to Athens in the early 6th century BC and made a great impression as a forthright, outspoken " barbarian ", apparently a forerunner of the Cynics, though none of his works have survived.

Dr. Alastair Northedge, a British archaeologist who wrote a book about findings in ' Anah, wrote that the minaret is ' commonly attributed to the Uqaylid ( dynasty ) and the 5th / 11th century ( AH / AD ), though ... more probably of the 6th / 12th century.

This can be clearly seen in the ministry of two popes: Pope Leo I in the 5th century, and Pope Gregory I in the 6th century.

Jerome's first revision of the Itala ( A. D. 383 ), known as the Roman, is still used at St Peter's in Rome, but the " Gallican ", thanks especially to St Gregory of Tours, who introduced it into Gaul in the 6th century, has ousted it everywhere else.

Some of those who argue that the Homeric poems developed gradually over a long period of time give an even later date for the composition of the poems ; according to Gregory Nagy for example, they only became fixed texts in the 6th century BC.

Gregory of Tours, writing in Tours in the 6th century, supports the tradition that she retired to Ephesus, with no mention of any connection to Gaul.

From the 6th century the title began to be used particularly of the Bishop of Rome, and in the late 11th century Pope Gregory VII issued a declaration that has been widely interpreted as stating this by then established Western convention.

From the early 6th century, it began to be confined in the West to the Bishop of Rome, a practice that was firmly in place by the 11th century, when Pope Gregory VII declared it reserved for the Bishop of Rome.

From the early 6th century, it began to be confined in the West to the Bishop of Rome, a practice that was firmly in place by the 11th century, when Pope Gregory VII declared it reserved for the Bishop of Rome.

This tradition of unison choir singing lasted from sometime between the times of St. Ambrose ( 4th century ) and Gregory the Great ( 6th century ) up to the present.

Plainchant is believed to originate from the 3rd century A. D. Gregorian chant is a variety of plainsong named after Pope Gregory I ( 6th century A. D .), although Gregory himself did not invent the chant.

Though of ancient origin, Blois is first distinctly mentioned by Gregory of Tours in the 6th century, and the city gained some notability in the 9th century, when it became the seat of a powerful countship with « Blesum castrum » (« Le château de Blois »).

** 1861-John Shaw Gregory elected to represent people of the 6th District.

In the early centuries of Christianity, this title was applied, especially in the east, to all bishops and other senior clergy ; in the west it began to be used particularly of the Bishop of Rome, rather than for bishops in general, in the 6th century and it was only in 1075 that Pope Gregory VII issued a declaration that has been widely interpreted as stating this by then established convention.

* Introduction by Earnest Brehaut ( from his 1916 translation ), pp. ix-xxv to: Medieval Sourcebook, Gregory of Tours ( 539-594 ), History of the Franks, Books I – X ( on the 6th century meaning of sanctus and virtus )

Gregory of Tours recorded in the 6th century the common expectation that with a millstone round the neck, the guilty would sink: " The cruel pagans cast him bishop of the church of Sissek into a river with a millstone tied to his neck, and when he had fallen into the waters he was long supported on the surface by a divine miracle, and the waters did not suck him down since the weight of crime did not press upon him.

Evagrius Scholasticus () was a Syrian scholar and intellectual living in the 6th century AD, and an aide to the patriarch Gregory of Antioch.

By the 6th century, her story was widespread, so that she appears in the Sacramentary of Pope Gregory I.

Pope St Gregory the Great recorded in the 6th century that his relics were preserved in the cathedral of Formia.

* St. Gregory the Great in Homilia ( 6th century )

Later in the 6th century, the Bishop Saint Gregory of Tours wrote his Chronicles about the Merovingian rulers, were appeared a Legend of the King Clovis I who prayed to Christ in one of his campaigns so he could find a place to cross the river Vienne.

In the 6th century the church was adapted to Arian Christianity, hence its name " Saint Agatha of the Goths ", and later reconsecrated by Gregory the Great, who confirmed her traditional sainthood.

When Gregory of Tours in De gloria martyri avers that the thorns in the Crown still looked green, a freshness which was miraculously renewed each day, he does not much strengthen the historical authenticity of a relic he had not seen, but the Breviarius, and the itinerary of Antoninus of Piacenza ( 6th century ) clearly state that the Crown of Thorns was currently shown in the church on Mount Zion.

They are mentioned in the 6th century in Jordanes ' Getica, by Procopius, and by Gregory of Tours.