* 1265 – Second Barons ' War: Battle of Evesham – the army of Prince Edward ( the future king Edward I of England ) defeats the forces of rebellious barons led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, killing de Montfort and many of his allies.

The Dictum of Kenilworth, issued 31 October 1266, was a pronouncement designed to reconcile the rebels of the Barons ' War with the royal government of England.

( 1982 ), " The resettlement of England after the Barons ' War ", Transactions of the Royal Historical Society, 5th ser.

Because he had sealed under duress, however, John received approval from the Pope to break his word as soon as hostilities had ceased, provoking the First Barons ' War and an invited French invasion by Prince Louis of France ( whom the majority of the English barons had invited to replace John on the throne and had him proclaimed king in London in May 1216 ).

In addition to fighting the Second Barons ' War, Henry III made war against Saint Louis and was defeated during the Saintonge War, yet Louis IX did not capitalise on his victory, respecting his opponent's rights.

* 1216 – First Barons ' War: Prince Louis of France captured the city of Winchester and soon conquered over half of the Kingdom of England.

The French victory at the battle of Bouvines doomed John's plan to retake Normandy in 1214 and led to the First Barons ' War.

The failure of the agreement led rapidly to the First Barons ' War.

Henry III granted Kenilworth in 1244 to Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, who later became a leader in the Second Barons ' War ( 1263 – 67 ) against the king, using Kenilworth as the centre of his operations.

England was plunged into a civil war, known as the First Barons ' War.

Henry's unsuccessful attempts to persuade his subjects to pay the taxes required to meet Alexander's demands were one of the factors in the conflict between the king and parliament which culminated in the Second Barons ' War.

* August – King John of England rejects the Magna Carta, leading to the First Barons ' War.

* December – First Barons ' War: Alexander II of Scotland invades northern England.

England witnessed the Second Barons ' War, a civil war fought over the aristocracy's disillusionment with King Henry III's attempts to maintain an absolute monarchy.

* 1264 – Before May – Second Barons ' War, an English civil war, begins.

* 1267 – The Second Barons ' War ends, as the rebels and King Henry III of England agree to peace terms as laid out in the Dictum of Kenilworth.

* 1264 to 1267 – The civil war in England known as the Second Barons ' War marks a high point of struggle for political power between the landed aristocracy of England and the King.

* January – First Barons ' War: The English army sacks Berwick-on-Tweed and raids southern Scotland.

* May 21 – First Barons ' War: Prince Louis of France, the future King Louis VIII, invades England in support of the barons, landing in Thanet.

* May 20 – First Barons ' War in England: Occupying French forces are defeated at the Battle of Lincoln by English royal troops led by William Marshal, Earl of Pembroke and survivors forced to flee south.

* August 24 – First Barons ' War: In the Battle of Sandwich in the English Channel, English forces destroy the French and the French mercenary Eustace the Monk is captured and beheaded.

* September 12 – First Barons ' War in England ended by the Treaty of Kingston upon Thames: French and Scots are to leave England, and an amnesty is granted to rebels.

* King Henry III of England obtains a papal bull releasing him from the Provisions of Oxford, preceding the Second Barons ' War, a civil war started in 1263.

A contemporary monument to the Battle of Lewes, a crucial 1264 battle in the Second Barons ' War in England.

During negotiations between January and June 1215, a document was produced, which historians have termed ' The Unknown Charter of Liberties ', seven of the articles of which would later appear in the ' Articles of the Barons ' and the Runnymede Charter.

They, and many of the moderates not in overt rebellion, forced King John to agree to a document later known as the ' Articles of the Barons ', to which his Great Seal was attached in the meadow at Runnymede on 15 June 1215.

In the sequel, Stephen's energetic leadership and the Barons ' military strength forced John to sign the Magna Carta ( 15 June 1215 ).

In 1215, the English barons rebelled in the First Barons ' War against the unpopular King John of England ( 1199 – 1216 ).

The First Barons ' War began in 1215 between King John and a faction of rebel barons opposed to his rule.

During the First Barons ' War from 1215 to 1217, the prominent sieges of Dover and Windsor Castle showed the ability of more modern designs to withstand attack ; King John's successful siege of Rochester required an elaborate and sophisticated assault, reportedly costing around 60, 000 marks, or £ 40, 000.

* The 1215 Barons ' revolt against the rule of King John, which led to the Magna Carta.

In 1215 Gilbert and his father were two of the barons made Magna Carta sureties and championed Louis " le Dauphin " of France in the First Barons ' War, fighting at Lincoln under the baronial banner.

The town was badly damaged by fire in 1215 during the First Barons ' War.

During the Barons ' wars of the reign of King John ( 1199 – 1216 ) which led up to Magna Carta signed in 1215, Fulk II's son and heir Fulk III FitzWarin ( d. 1258 ) rebelled and the manor escheated to the crown and passed temporarily into the stewardship of Hugh de Nevill.

* The Magna Charta Sureties, 1215: The Barons named in the Magna Charta, 1215 and some of their descendants who settled in America during the early colonial years ( 5th ed., 1999 ) by Frederick Lewis Weis and William Ryland Beall

John's efforts to raise revenues, combined with his fractious relationships with many of the English barons, led to confrontation in 1215, an attempt to restore peace through the signing of the Magna Carta, and finally the outbreak of the First Barons ' War.

The elder Roger then joined the rebels at the start of the First Barons ' War in 1215, being captured in November at the siege of Rochester Castle, paying 250 marks for his release.

The First Barons ' War ( 1215 – 17 ) was a civil war in the Kingdom of England between a group of rebellious barons, led by Robert Fitzwalter and supported by a French army under the future Louis VIII of France, and King John of England.

King John in June 1215 was forced to put his seal to " The Articles of the Barons " by a group of powerful barons who could no longer stand John's failed leadership and despotic rule.

* First Barons ' War ( 1215 – 1217 ) in England during the reign of John

Richard became one of the twenty-five Barons sworn to enforce the Magna Carta, for which he was excommunicated in 1215.

On 9 November 1215, he was one of the commissioners on the part of the Barons to negotiate the peace with the King.

He and his son were among the Barons excommunicated by the Pope in 1215.

Another attraction is the opportunity to see one of the four surviving originals of the Magna Carta, sealed by King John after his meeting with the Barons at Runnymede in 1215, a document which is now housed within Lincoln castle.

King John expanded the castle in the years before the First Barons ' War of 1215 to 1217, but this work was concentrated on constructing a new hall and chamber, at the cost of £ 200.

During the First Barons ' War of 1215, William was on the side of the rebels supporting the claim of King Louis VIII of France while his father was fighting for the right of the English king.

Then Maulon returned to John of England, whom he aided in the First Barons ' War ( 1215 – 1217 ).