Byzantine Greeks often inscribed the palindrome, " Wash sins, not only face " (" Nīpson anomēmata mē mōnan ōpsin ", engraving " ps ", the single Greek letter Ψ, psi ), on baptismal fonts.

** Constantine XI, last Byzantine Emperor (" Last Roman Emperor ")

It was the primary word used by grecophones to the Roman Emperor during the later Roman Empire through the seventh century CE and continued to be used in the Byzantine period, although it lost favor to Sebastos (" augustus ") and Basileus ( obscure: prob.

The Serbs, as Slavs in the vicinity of the Byzantine Empire, lived in so-called Sklavinia (" Slav lands "), territories initially out of Byzantine control and independent.

The early Christian period under Byzantine rule ( First Byzantine Period, 395 – 824 AD ) and the rule of the Arabs, who called the settlement Al Hanim (" the Inn "), are not well documented.

The word is likely derived from the plural form of the Bulgarian title boila (" noble "), bolyare, which is attested in Bulgar inscriptions and rendered as boilades or boliades in the Greek of Byzantine documents.

Michael VI Bringas (, Mikhaēl VI Bringas ), called Stratiotikos or Stratioticus (" the Military One ", " the Warlike " or " the Bellicose ") or Gerontas (" the Old "), was Byzantine emperor from 1056 to 1057.

In response to the defeat at Manzikert and subsequent Byzantine losses in Anatolia in 1074, Pope Gregory VII had called for the milites Christi (" soldiers of Christ ") to go to Byzantium's aid.

Scholar Hilda Ellis-Davidson draws a parallel between berserkers and the mention by the Byzantine emperor Constantine VII ( AD 905 – 959 ) in his book De cerimoniis aulae byzantinae (" Book of Ceremonies of the Byzantine court ") of a " Gothic Dance " performed by members of his Varangian Guard ( Norse warriors working in the service of the Byzantine Empire ), who took part wearing animal skins and masks: she believes this may have been connected with berserker rites.

The Comma Johanneum in 1 John 5: 7 is well known example, but there are also other texts like: Matt 10: 8 ; 27: 35 ; Luke 17: 36 ; John 3: 25 ; Acts 8: 37 ; 9: 5 ; 15: 34 ; and some readings (" book of life " instead of " tree of life " in Revelation 22: 19 ) which the Byzantine text did not have.

In 926 the Byzantine general ( stratigos ) Vasilios Klaudon reconstructed the fallen walls of the city, (" τα πριν φθαρέντα και πεπτωκότα τείχη ") according to an inscription that is now in the archaeological museum of Kavala.

In order to prevent them from coming back, the Byzantine emperor Andronikos_III_Palaiologos built a new long defensive wall (" το παρά την Χριστούπολιν τείχισμα ").

Its name stems from the old word for " black " (" vran ") in the Serbian language and first appears in the Alexiad ( 9, 4 ) by Byzantine princess and scholar Anna Comnena ( 1083 – 1153 ). In period of Austrian occupation from 1688 to 1692, Vranje was managed by

# 2. c. 1075: Unnamed daughter (" Synadene ") of Theodulos Synadenos and his wife, the sister of the future Byzantine emperor Nikephoros Botaneiates (?

The title Romanorum Rex (" King of the Romans ") was used occasionally by the Ottonian rulers and especially by King Henry II to emphasize the Roman ( and hence, implicitly, universal ) heritage of their Empire, which was contested by the Byzantine Emperors.

According to the Byzantine sources, Asparuh was a younger son of Kubrat, who had established a spacious state (" Great Bulgaria ") in the steppes of modern Ukraine.

The Serbs, as Slavs in the vicinity of the Byzantine Empire, lived in so-called Sklavinia (" Slav lands "), territories initially out of Byzantine control and independent.

Among his published works for that year were Formes byzantines et réalités balcaniques (" Byzantine Forms and Balkan Realities "), Istoria presei româneşti (" The History of the Romanian Press "), L ' Art populaire en Roumanie (" Folk Art in Romania "), Istoria artei medievale (" The History of Medieval Art ") and Neamul românesc din Ardeal (" The Romanian Nation in Transylvania ").

Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos, the fourth emperor of the Macedonian dynasty of the Byzantine Empire in the 9th century AD, referred to Asia Minor as East thema, " ανατολικόν θέμα " ( from the Greek words anatoli: east, thema: administrative division ), placing this region to the East of Byzantium, while Europe was lying to the West.

In Koine Greek, this became, changing further to in Byzantine Greek by iotacism.

* George Finlay ( 1854 ), History of the Byzantine and Greek Empires from 1057 – 1453, Volume 2, William Blackwood & Sons

In spite of several not insignificant reverses at the hands of Bulgarians, Serbians, and Ottomans, the Emperor had provided the Empire with active leadership, had cooperated with able administrators, and had come closer than any of his predecessors in re-establishing Byzantine control over the Greek peninsula.

Angel-shaped beings appear in ancient Mesopotamian and Greek art and were probably the inspiration for the popular Christian image of angels, a popular subject for Byzantine and European paintings and sculpture.

It remained in Byzantine hands during the period of crisis in the 7th – 8th centuries, when most of the Balkans and the Greek mainland were overrun by Slavic invasions.

The Byzantine emperor Leo III after his victory over Arab besiegers in 740 renamed the city Nicopolis ( Greek for " city of victory ").

His Hellenic Jewish parents called him Joseph ( although the Byzantine text-type calls him, Iōsēs, ' Joses ', a Greek variant of ' Joseph '), but when he sold all his goods and gave the money to the apostles in Jerusalem, they gave him a new name: Barnabas.

The philology of Greek survived in the Byzantine Empire until the fall of Constantinople, and was re-introduced in Western Europe in the Renaissance.

Coins of Roman, Byzantine, Greek origin are amongst the more popular ancient coins collected.

It is located south of Asia Minor, the Anatolian peninsula of the Asian ( or Eurasian ) mainland ( now part of modern-day Turkey ), so it may be included in Western Asia or the Middle East: At a confluence of Western Asia, Southern Europe, and Northern Africa, Cyprus has had lengthy periods of mainly Greek and intermittent Anatolian, Levantine, Byzantine, and Western European influences.

At this time the Theodosian Walls kept the city impregnable from the land, while a newly discovered incendiary substance known as " Greek Fire " allowed the Byzantine navy to destroy the Arab fleets and keep the city supplied.

This measure apparently had no great success, since French voyager Pierre Gilles writes in the middle of 16th century that the Greek population of Constantinople was unable to mention any name of the ancient Byzantine churches transformed in mosques or abandoned.

The Byzantine Empire used Roman and Greek architectural models and styles to create its own unique type of architecture.

The town was the birthplace of the Byzantine Greek writers Nicetas and Michael Choniates.

Whereas it was originally called wau, its most common appellation in classical Greek is digamma, while, as a numeral, it was called episēmon during the Byzantine era.

Today, the numeral is often called stigma, after the value of a Byzantine Greek ligature σ-τ ( ϛ ), which shares the same shape and was used as a textual ligature in Greek print until the 19th century.

The remoteness of the region attracted Greek Orthodox monks since the Byzantine era.

The portion of the Greek Arithmetica that survived, however, was, like all ancient Greek texts transmitted to the early modern world, copied by, and thus known to, medieval Byzantine scholars.

The Suda or Souda ( Greek: Σοῦδα ) is a massive 10th century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Suidas.

** Digenis Akritas ( Greek ); about a hero of the Byzantine Empire

* Koine Greek and Modern Greek, in the Eastern Roman or Byzantine Empire and other parts of the Balkans south of the Jireček Line.

Hesychasm (, hesychasmos, from, hesychia, " stillness, rest, quiet, silence ") is an eremitic tradition of prayer in the Eastern Orthodox Church, and some of the Eastern Catholic Churches, such as the Byzantine Rite, practised ( Gk:, hesychazo: " to keep stillness ") by the Hesychast ( Gr., hesychastes ).

During this period, the seat of the local Byzantine governor ( the " duke / dux ", later " doge ") was situated in Malamocco.

The Syriac Orthodox Church, the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church and the Greek Orthodox Church, as well as the Syriac Catholic Church, the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church and all Byzantine Rite Eastern Catholic Churches, commemorate Saint Clement of Rome ( called in Syriac " Mor Clemis ") on 24 November ; the Russian Orthodox Church commemorates St Clement on 25 November.

The Latin Empire or Latin Empire of Constantinople ( original Latin name: Imperium Romaniae, " Empire of Romania ") is the name given by historians to the feudal Crusader state founded by the leaders of the Fourth Crusade on lands captured from the Byzantine Empire.

Zoe ( in Greek: Ζωή, Zōē, meaning " Life ") ( c. 978 – June 1050 ) reigned as Byzantine Empress alongside her sister Theodora from April 19 to June 11, 1042.

In later Byzantine times the city was called Christoupolis ( Χριστούπολις, " city of Christ ") and belonged to the Theme_ ( Byzantine_district ) of Macedonia.

* Protostrator ( in the Byzantine Empire, likewise deriving from the post of " stable-master ")

The Pronoia ( plural pronoiai ; Greek: πρόνοια, meaning " care " or " forethought ") was a system of granting dedicated streams of state income to individuals and institutions in the late Byzantine period of the Roman Empire.

The Henotikon ( or in English ; " act of union ") was issued by Byzantine emperor Zeno in 482, in an unsuccessful attempt to reconcile the differences between the supporters of the Council of Chalcedon and the miaphysites.

Some historians consider that the region became Germanic-speaking during this period .. At least one part, Wallachia, may have become Slavic-speaking by AD 600, as it is routinely referred to Sklavinía ( Greek for " Land of the Slavs ") by contemporary Byzantine chroniclers.