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Crusades and conquer
The Teutonic Order's attempts to conquer Orthodox Russia ( particularly the Republics of Pskov and Novgorod ), an enterprise endorsed by Pope Gregory IX, can also be considered as a part of the Northern Crusades.
Gregory IX endorsed the Northern Crusades and attempts to conquer Orthodox Russia ( particularly the Pskov Republic and the Novgorod Republic ).
The naval ability of the Normans would allow them to conquer England and southern Italy, and play a key role in the Crusades.
From here Abaddon the Despoiler, Warmaster of the servants of Chaos, launches " Black Crusades " to conquer the galaxy in service of the dark gods.
Perhaps for this reason, one theory of the origin of the name Baldock is as a derivation from the Old French name for Baghdad: Baldac which the Templars had hoped to conquer during the Crusades.

Crusades and Prussia
In the aftermath of Northern Crusades William of Modena as Papal legate solved the disputes between the crusaders in Livonia and Prussia.
Originally founded as the Bishopric of Ermland, it was created by William of Modena in 1243 in the territory of Prussia after its conquest by the Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades.
He has been identified as Anthony de Lucy, a knight, who died in 1368 in the Teutonic Crusades in Prussia.

Crusades and at
While the Byzantine Empire was to continue for nearly another four centuries, and the Crusades would contest the issue for some time, the victory at Manzikert signalled the beginning of Turkish ascendancy in Anatolia.
* Baptism of Ships: at least since the time of the Crusades, rituals have contained a blessing for ships.
The emerald chalice at Genoa, which was obtained during the Crusades at Caesarea Maritima at great cost, has been less championed as the Holy Grail since an accident on the road, while it was being returned from Paris after the fall of Napoleon, revealed that the emerald was green glass.
* 1219 – Northern Crusades: Danish victory at the Battle of Lyndanisse ( modern-day Tallinn ) establishes the Danish Duchy of Estonia.
Templars were often the advance force in key battles of the Crusades, as the heavily armoured knights on their warhorses would set out to charge at the enemy, in an attempt to break opposition lines.
The Northern Crusades provided a rationale for the growth and expansion of the Teutonic Order of German crusading knights which had been founded in Palestine at the end of the 12th century.
Although the Crusades were, in part, originally intended to support the Byzantine Empire at Constantinople from attack by Turkish invaders, the Fourth Crusade resulted in the sack of Constantinople by the Crusaders in 1204, which greatly upset Pope Innocent.
The Crusades which started late in the eleventh century only exacerbated the religious ideology of reconquest, confronted at that time with a similarly staunch ideology found on the Muslim actors strong in Al-Andalus: the Almoravids and, more, the Almohads.
After marching into Damascus in July 1920 to put down an anti-colonial rising, French General Henri Gouraud is reputed to have stood at Saladin's grave, kicked it and said: " The Crusades have ended now!
In the 1990s, he published Byzantium, a work of pure historical fiction, followed by " The Celtic Crusades " trilogy, set at the time of the Crusades, and then Avalon: The Return of King Arthur, a stand-alone related to the Pendragon Cycle.
Personal trust law developed in England at the time of the Crusades, during the 12th and 13th centuries.
* Brancaleone alle Crociate ( Brancaleone at the Crusades, 1970 )
The 13th century also saw attempts at a Franco-Mongol alliance, with exchange of ambassadors and ( failed ) attempts at military collaboration in the Holy Land during the later Crusades, though eventually the Mongols in the Ilkhanate, after they had destroyed the Abbasid and Ayyubid dynasties, eventually themselves converted to Islam, and signed the 1323 Treaty of Aleppo with the surviving Muslim power, the Egyptian Mamluks.
It includes a mausoleum housing the mummified bodies of Isabel Segura ( a rich lady ) and Diego de Marcilla ( a poor man who battled at Crusades to earn some money with the intention to return to get married with Isabel ) whose love ended tragically.
In 1187, Saladin defeated the armies of the Crusades at the Battle of Hattin, largely because he was able to cut the Crusaders off from the valuable fresh water of the Sea of Galilee.
Personal trust law developed in England at the time of the Crusades, during the 12th and 13th centuries.
Bruun in 1876, who suggested that Prester John might be found among the kings of Georgia, which, at the time of Crusades, experienced military resurgence challenging the Muslim power.
Massive violent attacks against Jews date back at least to the Crusades such as the Pogrom of 1096 in France and Germany ( the first " Christian " pogroms to be officially recorded ), as well as the massacres of Jews at London and York in 1189 – 1190.
Byzantium ( 324-1453 ) saw itself as the true Rome, if Greek-speaking, Christian empire with colonies of Italians living among its citizens, participating in Crusades at the borders of its land, and ultimately, plundering its churches, palaces and monasteries of many of its treasures.
While Birger's direct involvement in the foundation of the city remains speculative, it probably was no accident it was founded on the location at this time, as there were alternative passages into Mälaren during the preceding Viking Era ; as Crusades, a kind of Viking raids in a Christian disguise, had proven increasingly unsuccessful ; and as taking control over the location, traditionally where men supposedly gathered before the ledung, meant old offensive military traditions could be replaced by more " modern " commercial efforts directed towards Lübeck.

Crusades and William
* Archbishop William of Tyre, historian of the Crusades ( approximate date ; d. 1186 )
In the game Assassin's Creed, set in 1191 during the height of the Crusades, William V of Montferrat, father of Conrad of Montferrat, is one of nine Templars the main character must assassinate.
* William of Tyre ( c. 1130 – 1185 ), Archbishop of Tyre, chronicler of the Crusades
A later lord, William becoame a Knight Templar and gifted lands to create the Temple Bruer preceptory, which in time became the second wealthiest in Britain, funding the Crusades from sheep rearing and wool exports to Europe.
William Stubbs,, Chronicles and Memorials of the Reign of Richard, Rolls series ( London: Longmans, 1864 ), I, clv-clvi, clx-clxi, clxiv, clxvi, clxxviii-clxxx, 20-23, translated by James Brundage, The Crusades: A Documentary History, ( Milwaukee, WI: Marquette University Press, 1962 ), 97-104
William 9th, Duke of Aquitaine is reputed to have brought back a waistband of the Virgin Mary from the Crusades and deposited it in the church.

Crusades and found
His motivation for political power probably came through what he thought to be dealings with other Muslims in the Middle East, particularly Sunnis, but because of the unrest in the Holy Land caused by the Crusades, Hassan-i Sabbah found himself not only fighting for power with other Muslims, but also with the invading Christian forces.
Norman Zacour in the survey A History of the Crusades ( 1962 ) generally follows Munro's conclusions, and adds that there was a psychological instability of the age, concluding the Children's Crusade " remains one of a series of social explosions, through which medieval men and women — and children too — found release ".
More important for the decline was probably that, with the onset of the Crusades, the trade routes had found a more westerly orientation or shifted considerably to the south.
* Turcopole: A light mounted archer used extensively during the Crusades in the Middle East but also found among the Teutonic Knights in their Baltic campaigns
When Edward returned from the Crusades in 1274, two years after his accession as King of England, he found that land had become a commodity, and that many of his subjects had become dispossessed and were in danger of destitution.

Crusades and himself
At this point, being forced to unmask himself to receive his coronet, Desdichado is revealed to be Wilfred of Ivanhoe himself, returned from the Crusades.
As the popularity of the Crusades had decreased, support for the Order had waned, and Philip used a disgruntled complaint against the Order as an excuse to disband the entire organization, so as to free himself from his debts.
It is also possible that the story derives from an Irish myth which predates the Crusades in which Cuchulainn and two other heroes compete for the champion's portion at feasts ; ultimately, Cuchulainn is the only one willing to let a giant — actually a king who has magically disguised himself — cut off his head, as per their agreement.

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