Among these have been many writers, artists and musicians ; these include Pulitzer Prize-winning and Nobel Laureate Saul Bellow, Andrei Bely, Joseph Beuys, Owen Barfield, Wassily Kandinsky, Nobel Laureates Selma Lagerlöf and Albert Schweitzer, Andrei Tarkovsky, Bruno Walter, and Right Livelihood Award winner Ibrahim Abouleish.

* The sea slug Aplysia was chosen by Nobel Prize-winning neurophysiologist Eric Kandel as a model for studying the cellular basis of learning and memory, because of the simplicity and accessibility of its nervous system, and it has been examined in hundreds of experiments.

In the 1980s, Milton Friedman, the Nobel Prize-winning economist and father of Monetarism, contended that some of the concerns of trade deficits are unfair criticisms in an attempt to push macroeconomic policies favorable to exporting industries.

Hofstadter was born in New York City, the son of Nobel Prize-winning physicist Robert Hofstadter.

The scheme is named for its inventor, Nobel Prize-winning American physicist Richard Feynman, and was first introduced in 1948.

* James M. Buchanan, Nobel Prize-winning economist ( 1986 )

* Vernon L. Smith, Nobel Prize-winning economist ( 2002 )

The fundamental properties of currents mediated by ion channels were analyzed by the British biophysicists Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley as part of their Nobel Prize-winning research on the action potential, published in 1952.

Torvalds was named after Linus Pauling, the Nobel Prize-winning American chemist, although in the book Rebel Code: Linux and the Open Source Revolution, Torvalds is quoted as saying, " I think I was named equally for Linus the Peanuts cartoon character ", noting that this makes him half " Nobel-prize-winning chemist " and half " blanket-carrying cartoon character ".

In October 2010, Lederman participated in the USA Science and Engineering Festival's Lunch with a Laureate program where middle and high school students got to engage in an informal conversation with a Nobel Prize-winning Scientist over a brown bag lunch.

* One of Nobel Prize-winning poet Seamus Heaney's best known works is titled Limbo.

* 2010 – James W. Black, Scottish Nobel Prize-winning doctor and medical research scientist ( b. 1924 )

The times have been expressed by 20th-century novelists as well, such as the Nobel Prize-winning Toni Morrison, whose novel Beloved was adapted as a film of the same name.

The term was first used by Irving Langmuir, Nobel Prize-winning chemist, during a 1953 colloquium at the Knolls Research Laboratory.

* 23-Bernard Katz, 92, American Nobel Prize-winning biophysicist.

* 25-Franco Modigliani, 85, Nobel Prize-winning economist.

* 13-Bertram Brockhouse, Nobel Prize-winning Canadian physicist.

Nobel Prize-winning physicist Hans Bethe went to Livermore in February 1983 for a two-day briefing on the X-ray laser, and " Although impressed with its scientific novelty, Bethe went away highly skeptical it would contribute anything to the nation's defense.

While Hardin recommended that the tragedy of the commons could be prevented by either more government regulation or privatizing the commons property, subsequent Nobel Prize-winning work by Elinor Ostrom suggests that handing control of local areas to national and international regulators can create further problems .< ref name =" non-tragedy ">

Lord of the Flies is a novel by Nobel Prize-winning English author William Golding about a group of British boys stuck on an uninhabited island who try to govern themselves, with disastrous results.

William Nunn Lipscomb, Jr. ( December 9, 1919April 14, 2011 ) was a Nobel Prize-winning American inorganic and organic chemist working in nuclear magnetic resonance, theoretical chemistry, boron chemistry, and biochemistry.

During the Manhattan Project, Los Alamos hosted thousands of employees, including many Nobel Prize-winning scientists.

While at Chicago, he took a course under the Nobel Prize-winning physicist Robert A. Millikan, which exposed him to the old quantum theory.

This was the first of a long series of experiments that Rubbia has performed in the field of weak interactions and which culminated in the Nobel Prize-winning work at CERN.

Also, George Soros, Joseph E. Stiglitz ( another Economic Sciences Nobel prize winner, formerly of the World Bank, author of Globalization and Its Discontents ) and David Korten have made arguments for drastically improving transparency, for debt relief, land reform, and restructuring corporate accountability systems.

In both letters, the author expressed hope that he would be passed over by the Nobel Committee in favour of Alberto Moravia.

* 1832 – Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Norwegian author and Nobel laureate ( d. 1910 )

The Britannica has an Editorial Board of Advisors, which includes 12 distinguished scholars: author Nicholas Carr, religion scholar Wendy Doniger, political economist Benjamin M. Friedman, Council on Foreign Relations President Emeritus Leslie H. Gelb, computer scientist David Gelernter, Physics Nobel laureate Murray Gell-Mann, Carnegie Corporation of New York President Vartan Gregorian, philosopher Thomas Nagel, cognitive scientist Donald Norman, musicologist Don Michael Randel, Stewart Sutherland, Baron Sutherland of Houndwood, President of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and cultural anthropologist Michael Wesch.

* 1952 – Knut Hamsun, Norwegian author, Nobel laureate ( b. 1859 )

* 1940 – J. M. Coetzee, South African author, Nobel laureate

* Penguin Island, a 1908 French satirical novel by the Nobel Prize winning author Anatole France, narrates the fictional history of a Great Auk population that is mistakenly baptized by a nearsighted missionary.

Kary Banks Mullis ( born December 28, 1944 ) is a Nobel Prize winning American biochemist, author, and lecturer.

* 1846 – Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish author, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1916 )

* 1904 – Harry Martinson, Swedish author and poet Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1978 )

* 1858 – Selma Lagerlöf, Swedish author, Nobel laureate ( d. 1940 )

Among other intercessors, the French author and Nobel laureate Romain Rolland wrote to Stalin seeking clemency, arguing that " an intellect like that of Bukharin is a treasure for his country.

* 1885 – François Mauriac, French author, Nobel laureate ( d. 1970 )

* 1888 – Frans Eemil Sillanpää, Finnish author, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1964 )

* 1928 – Elie Wiesel, Romanian-American author and Holocaust survivor, Nobel Prize laureate

* 1871 – Grazia Deledda, Italian author, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1936 )

* 1961 – Dag Hammarskjöld, Swedish diplomat, economist, and author, 2nd Secretary-General of the United Nations, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1905 )

* 1911 – William Golding, English author, poet, and playwright, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1993 )

Thomas Hunt Morgan ( September 25, 1866 – December 4, 1945 ) was an American evolutionary biologist, geneticist and embryologist and science author who won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1933 for discoveries relating the role the chromosome plays in heredity.

* March 24 – Dario Fo, Italian author, Nobel Prize laureate

* August 7 – Rabindranath Tagore, Indian author, Nobel Prize laureate ( b. 1861 )

* August 4 – Knut Hamsun, Norwegian author, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1952 )

** Soviet author Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn is awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.

* March 16 – Sully Prudhomme, French author, Nobel Prize laureate ( d. 1907 )