According to the 1901 Census of India, the total Rajputs population in the Punjab was 1, 798, 000., of which 1, 347, 000 ( 75 %) were Muslim.

* Punjab Census Report, 1911, Pandit Harikishan Kaul

Detailed Report on an Archaeological Tour with the Buner Field Force, Lahore, Punjab Government Press.

# Report to the Nation: Oppression in Punjab

The 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica stated that " The language spoken in Kashmir is akin to that of the Punjab, though marked by many peculiarities.

Mohammad Baqa Khan Jilani ( born on July 20, 1911, Jalandhar, Punjab-died on July 2, 1941, Jalandhar, Punjab ) was a bowler who represented India in Test cricket.

), Azad Kashmir and Punjab provinces of Pakistan, Punjab, Kashmir and Ladakh of India, central-east Russia south of the Taiga, and the former Central Asian Soviet republics ( the five " Stans " of the former Soviet Union ).

* Nand Lal Goya ( 1633 – 1713 ), Persian and Arabic poet in the Punjab region

Although the archaeological site at Harappa was damaged in 1857 when engineers constructing the Lahore-Multan railroad ( as part of the Sind and Punjab Railway ), used brick from the Harappa ruins for track ballast, an abundance of artifacts has nevertheless been found.

Its western border with Pakistan extends up to 3, 323 km ( 2, 065 mi ), dividing the Punjab region and running along the boundaries of the Thar Desert and the Rann of Kutch.

Within the native culture, however, establishing a connection between English Language Teaching ( ELT ), patriotism and Muslim faith is seen as one of the aims of ELT, as the chairman of the Punjab Textbook Board openly states: " The board ... takes care, through these books to inoculate in the students a love of the Islamic values and awareness to guard the ideological frontiers of your students home lands " ( Punjab Text Book Board 1997 ).

Anger among some social groups, however, was seething under the governor-generalship of James Dalhousie ( 1847 – 1856 ), who annexed the Punjab ( 1849 ) after victory in the Second Sikh War, annexed seven princely states on the basis of lapse, annexed the key state of Oudh on the basis of misgovernment, and upset cultural sensibilities by banning Hindu practices such as Sati.

* 1780 – Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of The Punjab ( Sikh Empire ), ( d. 1839 )

Seleucus invaded India ( modern Punjab Pakistan ) in 305 BC, confronting Chandragupta Maurya ( Sandrokottos ), founder of the Maurya empire.

" According to the medieval commentator Uvata, the five tributaries of the Sarasvati were the Punjab rivers Drishadvati, Satudri ( Sutlej ), Chandrabhaga ( Chenab ), Vipasa ( Beas ) and the Iravati ( Ravi ).

* June 27 – Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of The Punjab ( Sikh Empire ), ( b. 1780 )

* November 13 – Ranjit Singh, Maharaja of The Punjab ( Sikh Empire ), ( d. 1839 )

Archaeologists have discovered traces of pulse production around Ravi River ( Punjab ), the seat of the Indus Valley civilization, dating circa 3300 BC.

In the Punjab and Kashmir regions ( India, Pakistan ), turnips are used in variety of dishes.

The ruins of Harrappa were first described in 1842 by Charles Masson in his Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, and the Punjab, where locals talked of an ancient city extending " thirteen cosses " ( about 25 miles ), but no archaeological interest would attach to this for nearly a century.

In Pakistan they are concentrated in the west and northwest, inhabiting mainly Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Federally Administered Tribal Areas ( FATA ), as well as parts of Balochistan, Gilgit – Baltistan, Kashmir as well as Mianwali and Attock districts of Punjab.

The most active regional association is the Punjab Academy of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology ( PAFMAT ), which also publishes its journal JPAFMAT biannually regularly since 2001.

Khan was born on October 13, 1948 in the city of Faisalabad ( formerly Lyallpur ), Punjab, Pakistan.

Nanda is a Tarkhan ( Punjab ), Rajput and Khatri surname.

Various clans of Tarkhan ( Punjab ), Lohar, Gujjar, Ahluwalia, Khatri, Rajput, Sonar, Lubana, Tonk Kshatriya / Chhimba tribes have a close genetic and ancestral relationship with each other, and together they are the descendants of ancient Kamboja / Kamboh / Kamboj tribe.

Other violent secessionist movements in Nagaland, Assam, Manipur, Punjab ( known as the Khalistan movement ), Mizoram and Tripura were also formerly active, while Tamil Nadu had a non-violent movement in the 1960s.

* Anne Noronha Dos Santos, Military Intervention and Secession in South Asia: The Cases of Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Kashmir, and Punjab ( Psi Reports ), Praeger Security International, 2007.

The territorial definition of the proposed state consists of the Indian state of Punjab, where Sikhs are the majority population ; however, being roughly analogous to the historical Sikh Empire ( 1707 – 1849 ), some believe other territories of the greater Punjab region should also be included.

The Cemetery H culture developed out of the northern part of the Indus Valley Civilization around 1700 BCE, in and around western Punjab region located in present-day India and Pakistan.

Following the controversial division of pre-partition Punjab and Bengal, rioting broke out between Sikhs, Hindus and Muslims in these provinces and spread to several other parts of India, leaving some 500, 000 dead.

Constituted in 1966, it is one of two newly created states carved out of the greater Punjab province as a means of creating a stronger national identity.

Haryana was administered as part of the Punjab province of British India, and was carved out on linguistic lines as India's 17th state in 1966.

* February 5 – The Great Holocaust of the Sikhs is carried out by the forces of Ahmed Shah Abdali in Punjab.

Understanding that Delhi and Punjab policemen, accused of organising attacks on Muslims, were personally affected by the tragedies of partition, Patel called out the Indian Army with South Indian regiments to restore order, imposing strict curfews and shoot-at-sight orders.

The British completely took over most of the country of India, a process starting with Bengal in 1757 and ending in Punjab in 1849, leaving out certain princely states.

In the years after the annexation of Punjab in 1849, several mutinies broke out among the sepoys ; these were put down by force.

The Akali Dal, though a part of BJP-led coalition, opted to support Gujral because during his Prime Ministerial tenure, Gujral declared that the central government will share the expenses on stamping out terrorism in Punjab during 1980s and early 1990s, along with the state government of Punjab.

At the close of the war he was appointed civil engineer to the Board of Administration of the annexed province of Punjab, and carried out many significant public works during his time in that position.

Altogether about 200 communist leaders out of which most were Sikhs were murdered by Sikh terrorists in Punjab.

Coach services such as Daewoo Express, Faisal Movers Express, Niazi Express, Khan brothers transport, Nadir flying coach, Punjab Tourism Department, Skyways and New Khan Bus Service are some of the most reliable coach companies operating out of Multan.

This dialect is considered as textbook of both Western and Eastern Punjabi, and is spoken in the historical region of Majha, centralizing out from the capital of Punjab, Lahore.

Sir Khawaja resisted such pressures ; but mass rioting broke out in the Punjab against both the government and followers of this religious minority.

Most of the territory of this province was originally a part of the Afghan Durrani Kingdom from the 18th century to around the 1820s, when the Sikh ruler or Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the former mayor of the Afghan city of Lahore, taking advantage of the internal chaos of the Afghan ruling family, declared independence and annexed it to his own empire based out of the Punjab.

The Province was formally created in 1901 by the then British administration, out of the North-Westerly areas of the old Punjab, initially under a Chief Commissioner, and then a full-fledged Governor from circa 1938 onwards.

An army of 21, 000 British and Indian troops under the command of Sir John Keane ( subsequently replaced by Sir Willoughby Cotton and then by William Elphinstone ) set out from Punjab in December 1838.

After driving them out of Punjab, Ranjit Singh and his Sikh army then invaded ethnic Pashtun territories in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

The additional constructions carried out during the subsequent Sikh and British rules of Punjab on the top of Sheesh Mahal added to the dead load that made the structure vulnerable to collapse.

Known as a hardliner, Tohra had carved out for himself the image of a non-conformist with the powers-that-be in Akali politics and had taken frontline SAD leaders Surjit Singh Barnala and Parkash Singh Badal who had headed Akali Dal governments in Punjab in the eighties and nineties.

started conquests to reclaim the Punjabi lands from invaders and he recruited local Punjabis and established a formidable army and under his command not only Sikhs but Punjabi Muslims were united and he started a conquest of Reclaiming the lands of Punjab and also as a retribution of Afghan Empire he attacked Peshawar and defeated all Pukhtoon tribes up to Khyber Pass and formed the secular Sikh Empire and later as a result of Wars between Sikh Empire and British out of which the most famous were First Anglo-Sikh War and the Second Anglo-Sikh War the Sikh Empire came to an end but until the Britishers came no Pukhtoon tribe was able to recapture Peshawar from Sikh Punjabi forces.

Following the defeat of the Rajput Confederacy, after deciding to retaliate for their combined resistance, Mahmud then set out on regular expeditions against them, leaving the conquered kingdoms in the hands of Hindu vassals annexing only the Punjab region.

It was carried out by ' Zoo Maintenance Committee ' and sponsored by Planning and Development Department of Government of Punjab.

According to satellite imagery studies carried out over a period of 20 years ( between 1972 – 1973 and 1991 – 1993 ), the river coursing along the India – Pakistan border meanders substantially in the alluvial plains of the Amritsar and Gurdaspur districts of Punjab.