On first publication in October 1937, The Hobbit was met with almost unanimously favourable reviews from publications both in the UK and the US, including The Times, Catholic World and The New York Post.

* Every UK edition of The Hobbit

Death of Smaug was used for the cover of an early UK paperback edition of The Hobbit.

The Hobbit was not sold in the UK for long.

In March 2012, it was reported in various news services that The Hobbit, a public house in Southampton, UK, had been served with papers by Middle-earth Enterprises outlining breach of copyright over the name of the pub.

The Association of Social Anthropologists of the UK and Commonwealth ( ASA ) has called certain scholarship ethically dangerous.

* Earth Architecture and Conservation in East Anglia-British organisation that focuses on the proper maintenance and conservation of earth buildings in a region of the UK that has a long history of building with mud.

The emergence of antibacterial resistance has prompted restrictions on antibacterial use in the UK in 1970 ( Swann report 1969 ), and the EU has banned the use of antibacterials as growth-promotional agents since 2003.

Since 1995 the UK government has advised that regular consumption of 3 – 4 units a day for men, or 2 – 3 units a day for women, would not pose significant health risks, but that consistently drinking four or more units a day ( men ), or three or more units a day ( women ), is not advisable.

Over the years, Widdecombe has expressed her support for a reintroduction of the death penalty, which was abolished in the UK in 1965.

In the United Kingdom, bass music, or UK Bass, as it is often known there, has had major mainstream success since the late 2000s and early 2010s, with artists such as Example, Chase & Status, Skream, Benga and Wretch 32.

Andersson's next project was Mamma Mia !, a musical built around 24 of ABBA's songs, which has become a worldwide box-office blockbuster with versions in several languages currently being played in many countries, including the UK ( West End premiere in April 1999 ), Canada ( Toronto premiere in 2000 ), the USA ( Broadway premiere in 2001 ), and Sweden ( Swedish language premiere in 2005 ).

The Movie has now become the most successful movie musical of all time and has been named the number one box office smash of 2008, and the biggest-selling DVD ever in the UK.

However, the disease found in northern Europe ( including the UK ) in 2006 and 2007 has been caused by serotype 8.

The UK has the 18th largest railway network in the world and despite many lines having closed in the 20th century it remains one of the densest rail networks.

Boudica has been the subject of two feature films, the 1928 film Boadicea, where she was portrayed by Phyllis Neilson-Terry, and 2003's Boudica ( Warrior Queen in the US ), a UK TV film written by Andrew Davies and starring Alex Kingston as Boudica.

In 2004, the UK Kennel Club held its fourth temporary exhibition, " The Borzoi in Art ," which offered unique insights into the borzoi and how the breed has been depicted in art throughout the 19th and 20th centuries.

Bacardi in the UK, despite having no business ties ( in terms of production ) to Cuba today, has decided to re-emphasize its Cuban heritage in recent years.

This description in reference to the Act of Union 1801 which expanded the United Kingdom of Great Britain to include Ireland, has since been greatly expanded, although the primary date of UK Independence is now given as 1927.

In the UK, since 2009, the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom has the authority to overrule and unify decisions of lower courts.

In the UK, many players use a version of anti-set-off spray powder, from the printing industry, which has specific electrostatic properties, with particles of 50-micrometre diameter ().

From the UK, direct routes by Astraeus from London Gatwick and Manchester Airport to Sal ceased in April 2008, their website has not been taking reservations since May 2008.

The Government of the Republic of Cyprus has continued as the sole internationally-recognized authority on the island ( as well as the UK being internationally recognized with respect to the SBAs ), though in practice its power extends only to the government controlled area.

From 1999 there has been a ban in the UK for using UK blood to manufacture fractional products such as albumin.

The three-month restriction on travel to the UK, however, has not been changed.

Similar regulations are in place in Germany, where anyone who has spent six months or more living in the UK between January 1980 and December 1996 is permanently banned from donating blood.

With the growing importance and influence of China's economy globally, Mandarin instruction is gaining popularity in schools in the USA, and has become an increasingly popular subject of study amongst the young in the Western world, as in the UK.

Until Moscow resumed nuclear testing last September 1, the US and UK had released more than twice as much radiation into the atmosphere as the Russians, and the fallout from the earlier blasts is still coming down.

One particularly fine example was included as part of the Thetford treasure from fourth century Norfolk, UK.

In April 1998, American photographer John S Callahan organized the first surfing project in the Andamans, starting from Phuket in Thailand with the assistance of Southeast Asia Liveaboards ( SEAL ), a UK owned dive charter company.

* IVS – A proprietary version with Digital Rights Management developed by 3D Solar UK Ltd for use in music downloaded from their Tronme Music Store and interactive music and video player.

In November 2008, the UK based think tank Demos published an influential pamphlet entitled ' It's a material world: caring for the public realm ', in which they argue for integrating the public directly into efforts to conserve material culture, particularly that which is in the public, their argument, as stated on page 16, demonstrates their belief that society can benefit from conservation as a paradigm as well as a profession:

ASROC ' Matchbox ' mounting installed just aft of the Otobreda 76 mm | 76 mm gun turret on the Japanese Self Defense Force Asagiri class destroyer DD 158 Umigiri, photographed 28 July 2008 departing from Portsmouth Naval Base, UK.

ASROC ' Matchbox ' reload doors are visible in this photograph of the Japanese Asagiri class destroyer Asagiri, formerly DD 151, renumbered TV 3516 after reclassification as a training vessel, seen here on 28 July 2008 departing from Portsmouth Naval Base, UK.

In the UK, the BBC Micro based OBBS software, available from Pace for use with their modems, optionally allowed for colour and graphics using the Teletext based graphics mode available on that platform.

John T. Arundel and Company, a British firm using a competing claim to the island by the UK, made the island its headquarters for its guano-digging operations in the Pacific from 1886 to 1891.

His mandate derives from the Dayton Agreement, as confirmed by the Peace Implementation Council, an ad hoc body with a Steering Board composed of representatives of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, the UK, the United States, the presidency of the European Union, the European Commission, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

Bass music ( often known in the UK as UK Bass ) is a collection of various styles of urban dance music that draw influences from American club hip-hop, UK garage and a variety of world ghettofunk genres.

* Bluetongue UK government page from Defra

As the official show of the Confederation of Passenger Transport, the UK ’ s trade association for the bus, coach and light rail industry, the three day event offers visitors from Europe and beyond the chance to see and experience, at first hand, the very latest vehicles and product and service innovations right across the industry.

The trial showed a 64 % protective effect, which is very similar to the figure derived from other UK trials, thus arguing against the genetic variation hypothesis.

BOEN is a vehicle for governments and heads of state to invest in UK companies ( subject to approval from the Secretary of State ), providing they undertake " not to influence the affairs of the company ".

It is approximately the amount of energy needed to heat of water, which is exactly one tenth of a UK gallon or about 0. 1198 US gallons, from 39 ° F to 40 ° F ( 3. 8 ° C to 4. 4 ° C ).

In 1806, Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin, ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1799 to 1803 removed the large collection of marble sculptures from the Parthenon, on the Acropolis in Athens and transferred them to the UK.

In the UK in 2009 it was estimated that up to 12 million shoppers appeared at the sales ( a rise of almost 20 % compared to 2008, although this was also affected by the fact that the VAT would revert to 17. 5 % from 1 January ).

Bayonne harbour is a stop over for yachts and boats crossing the Gulf of Biscay on their way from the UK to the Iberian Peninsula, the Atlantic or the Mediterranean.

The direct route from the UK across the bay of Biscay and down to Atlantic Spain and Portugal

Water from Lake Vyrnwy is added to bring the strength of Bombay Sapphire down to 40. 0 % ( UK, Australia ).

The UK was allied with France ( by the Entente Cordiale ) and Russia, and when the First World War broke out in 1914, the British Army sent the British Expeditionary Force to France and Belgium to prevent Germany from occupying these countries.