When the great reform of the 11th century had put an end to the direct jurisdiction of the lay abbots, the honorary title of abbot continued to be held by certain of the great feudal families, as late as the 13th century and later, the actual head of the community retaining that of dean.

Toward the end of the 11th century the Sayfawa king ( or mai, the title of the Sayfawa rulers ) Hummay, converted to Islam.

As abdicated Emperors took over power by exercising insei (, cloistered rule ) at the end of 11th century, then followed by the rise of warrior class, the Fujiwara gradually lost its control over mainstream politics.

Millions in northern Europe would die over an extended number of years, marking a clear end to the earlier period of growth and prosperity during the 11th and 12th centuries.

" Rudolf Simek theorizes that the figure of Hel is " probably a very late personification of the underworld Hel ," and says that " the first kennings using the goddess Hel are found at the end of the 10th and in the 11th centuries.

A nomadic Turkic people, the Kipchaks ( also known as the Cumans ), replaced the earlier Pechenegs as the dominant force in the south steppe regions neighbouring to Rus ' at the end of the 11th century and founded a nomadic state in the steppes along the Black Sea ( Desht-e-Kipchak ).

At the end of the 11th century, the Franks, as they were called at the time, started to penetrate the Iberian Peninsula through the Ways of St. James via Somport and Roncesvalles, settling on various spots of the Kingdoms of Navarre and Aragon enticed by the privileges granted them by the Navarrese kings.

The fourth, the Onomasticon of Amenope, is dated to some time between the end of the 12th or early 11th century BCE.

The invasion of Seljuk Turks in the latter half of the 11th century put an end to Byzantine Syria.

El Cantar de Mio Cid, written at the end of the 11th or the beginning of the 12th century, is the first instance.

Skopje was a thriving trading settlement but fell into decline after being hit by another earthquake at the end of the 11th century.

Copy of a tachi blade from the end of the Heian era ( 11th century ).

Divisional championships will be played in the end of July and will culminate with a championship game on August 11th at the Silverdome in Pontiac, MI.

In the 300 years from the late 8th century, when contemporary chroniclers first commented on the appearance of Viking raiders, to the end of the 11th century, Scandinavia underwent profound cultural changes.

Eastern Hemisphere at the end of the 11th century.

By the end of the 11th century, the city had spread across the Darro to reach the hill of the future Alhambra, and included the Albayzín ( also Albaicín or El Albaicín ) neighborhood ( a world heritage site ).

" These schools were not yet the official universities that they would become in the 13th century, but by the end of the 11th century both had numerous schools for the arts and sciences.

At the end of the 11th century, the Normans of Sicily had removed Italy from the control of the Byzantine Emperor.

Destroyed in 1004, the church was rebuilt from around the end of the 11th century ( including the crypt, the transept and the choir ), and finished in 1155.

In Skales, many Levantine imports and Cypriote imitations of Levantine forms have been found and point to a Phoenician expansion even before the end of the 11th century.

The establishment of cities gathered pace, and by the end of the 11th century, the three largest cities of modern-day Norway, Oslo, Trondheim ( Nidaros ) and Bergen ( Bjørgvin ) were flourishing, as well as Tønsberg, the most important city in Eastern Norway until c. 1300.

It has interesting paintings, dating from the end of the 11th century to the middle of the 12th, in which five different styles may be distinguished.

Passages referring to Michael Psellus ( end of the 11th century ) are considered later interpolations.

It bears little relation to the well-crafted 11-tablet epic ; the lines at the beginning of the first tablet are quoted at the end of the 11th tablet, giving it circularity and finality.

Evidence is plentiful that early and later also he has been indebted to the Gothic romancers, who deal in extravagant horror, to the symbolists writing at the end of the preceding century, and in particular to the stream-of-consciousness novelists, Henry James and James Joyce among them.

The tradition reached its apex, perhaps, in the works of Thomas Nelson Page toward the end of the century, and reappeared undiminished as late as 1934 in the best-selling novel So Red The Rose, by Stark Young.

Since writing was practiced in the Aegean before the end of the century, we may hope that the details of tradition will now be occasionally useful.

By the end of the nineteenth century, in 1893, when the Big Three, Columbia, and Penn were populous centers of learning, Dartmouth graduated only sixty-nine.

As the play opens the audience is introduced to the community of Salem in Puritan America at the end of the eighteenth century.

By the end of the century the Roman Catholic Church was beginning to make itself felt, mainly through such institutions as hospitals but also through its attitude towards organized labour.

The Civil War was a significant force in the eventual dominance of the singular usage by the end of the 19th century.

By the end of the 14th century, most of Anatolia was controlled by various Anatolian beyliks.

Such conditions came under the aegis of psychiatry at the end of the 19th century and current psychiatric diagnostic criteria recognize several specific forms of the disorder.

The traditional culture of farming, cheesemaking, and woodworking still exists in Alpine villages, although the tourist industry began to grow early in the 20th century and expanded greatly after World War II to become the dominant industry by the end of the century.

Until this point Austria and Switzerland had been the traditional and more popular destinations for winter sports, but by the end of the 20th century and into the early 21st century, France, Italy and the Tyrol began so see increases in winter visitors.

Schweitzer writes that modern Christians of many kinds deliberately ignore the urgent message ( so powerfully proclaimed by Jesus during the 1st century ) of an imminent end of the world.

The system was first discovered at the end of the 19th century, and first excavated and studied in the 1970s.

" In the Headingley Test, he made 334, reaching 309 * at the end of the first day, including a century before lunch.

The change spread more slowly in the West, where the office of abbot was commonly filled by laymen till the end of the 7th century.

Its exponentially larger development at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th occurred among various people over decades, as other aspects of technology allowed.

Being very difficult to measure, only about 60 stellar parallaxes had been obtained by the end of the 19th century, mostly by use of the filar micrometer.

But, by the end of the 4th century Trinitarianism prevailed in the Roman Empire.

Incantations by mystic names were characteristic of the hybrid Gnosticism planted in Spain and southern Gaul at the end of the fourth century and at the beginning of the fifth, which Jerome connects with Basilides, and which ( according to his Epist., lxxv.

Traces of this hidden agenda of the city's history is found in the 18th century guidebooks to Aachen as well as to the other spas ; the main indication for visiting patients, ironically, was syphilis ; only by the end of the 19th century had rheuma become the most important object of cures at Aachen and Burtscheid.