* Commissioned: Publishers made publication arrangements, and authors covered all expenses ( today the practice of authors paying for their publications is often called vanity publishing, and is looked down upon by many publishers, even though it may have been a common and accepted practice in the past ).

) Finally, the past tense and past participle of dwell and kneel are more commonly dwelt and knelt in both standards, with dwelled and kneeled as common variants in the US but not in the UK.

* Lit as the past tense of light is more common than lighted in the UK ; American English uses lit to mean " set afire " / " kindled " / " made to emit light " but lighted to mean " cast light upon " ( e. g., " The stagehand lighted the set and then lit a cigarette .").

High-alcohol liquor, two forms of which were in the US Pharmacopoeia up until 1916 and in common use by physicians well into the 1930s, has been used in the past as an agent for dulling pain, due to the CNS depressant effects of ethyl alcohol, a notable example being the American Civil War.

The belief that the Historia was the culmination of Bede's works, the aim of all his scholarship, a belief common among historians in the past, is no longer accepted by most scholars.

In cases where the parties disagree on what the law is, a common law court looks to past precedential decisions of relevant courts.

It became common for both the state and opposition group to receive foreign support, allowing wars to continue well past the point when domestic resources had been exhausted.

In the past, CHOGMs have attempted to orchestrate common policies on certain contentious issues and current events, with a special focus on issues affecting member nations.

What is clear is that formally, there is mostly peaceful living side by side, with strong inter-dialogue at many levels to reconcile past differences between the two groups, and many Christians emphasize common historical heritage and religious continuity with the ancient spiritual lineage of the Jews.

The use of civil flags was more common in the past, in order to denote buildings or ships that were not manned by the military.

Because the muskoxen's natural range favors the protected Northeast Greenland National Park, it is a less common object of hunting than in the past.

* Perfect ( a common conflation of aspect and tense ): ' I have arrived ' ( brings attention to the consequences of a situation in the past )

In Europe, Mercedes-Benz, Daimler, Jaguar, Opel, Ford, Vauxhall Motors and Volvo are or were common contemporary bases, and in the past even used Rolls-Royce cars were converted, though their cost is generally considered prohibitive.

A common theme is the study of the geographies of the past and how a place or region changes through time.

Modern handball is usually played indoors, but outdoor variants exist in the forms of field handball and Czech handball ( which were more common in the past ) and beach handball ( also called sandball ).

The incest taboo is and has been one of the most common of all cultural taboos, both in current nations and many past societies.

House sessions are not as common now as they were in the past.

Increasingly common are assisted opening knives which use springs to propel the blade once the user has moved it past a certain angle.

ARCNET, Token Ring and other technology standards have been used in the past, but Ethernet over twisted pair cabling, and Wi-Fi are the two most common technologies currently used to build LANs.

According to economists Donald Deere ( Texas A & M ), Kevin Murphy ( University of Chicago ), and Finis Welch ( Texas A & M ), Card and Krueger's conclusions are contradicted by " common sense and past research ".

In the Netherlands, home birth is still a common practice, although rates have declined during the past decades.

In the past this was not the case and scratch building was very common.

Their top priority is PKU, as it has become increasingly common, and sufferers often bear children who will be carriers of the recessive gene, and may themselves live past the age of sixty.

This is a member of a species and it has much in common with other oak trees, past, present and future.

A deeper criticism of Green archaeoastronomy is that while it can answer whether there was likely to be an interest in astronomy in past times, its lack of a social element means that it struggles to answer why people would be interested, which makes it of limited use to people asking questions about the society of the past.

Through reviewing the past or by opening up the censored literature in the libraries and a greater freedom of speech: a radical change, as control of speech and suppression of government criticism had previously been a central part of the Soviet system.

This shift in medical thought since Hippocrates ' day has caused serious criticism over the past two millennia, with the passivity of Hippocratic treatment being the subject of particularly strong denunciations ;

Much of the criticism centered around Amy's complicated and lengthy rape scene, which Peckinpah reportedly attempted to base on his own personal fears rooted in past failed marriages.

Similar arguments appear later in the works of Auguste Comte, especially when it comes to Adam Smith's belief in the separation of powers or what Comte called the " separation of the spiritual and the temporal " during the Middle Ages and the end of slavery, and Smith's criticism of masters, past and present.

Environmental groups and NGOs were incorporated in the lending of the bank in order to mitigate the effects of the past that prompted such harsh criticism.

Aviezer Tucker has offered a range of criticism of this approach to the study of the past both in his review of Ferguson's Virtual History in History and Theory and in his book ‪ Our Knowledge of the Past: A Philosophy of Historiography ‬.

Textual criticism soon broadened into an awareness of the supplementary perspectives on the past which could be offered by the study of coins, inscriptions and other archaeological remains, as well as documents from medieval periods.

Over the past thirty years or so, however, as a new generation has appeared, there has been an increasing amount of revisionist criticism directed at Toscanini.

Philosophy as such has not been without criticism amongst Muslims, both contemporary and past.

Personal Information manager technology has been heavily discussed in the past decade due to constant bouts of criticism and praise.

Popperians would wish to choose well-corroborated theories, in their sense of corroboration, but face a dilemma: either they are making the essentially inductive claim that a theory's having survived criticism in the past means it will be a reliable predictor in the future ; or Popperian corroboration is no indicator of predictive power at all, so there is no rational motivation for their preferred selection principle.

Landry's game strategies and single-mindedness in the past few seasons left him open to public criticism.

According to Lammersdorf, there had been some attempts to whitewash his past, which were, however, soon followed by harsh criticism because of his role as a NSDAP supporter and his attitude toward the Jews.

In communist states, the government may not tolerate criticism of policies that have already been implemented in the past or are being implemented in the present.

It is always difficult for Englishmen to admit that Nelson ever had an equal in his profession, but if any man is entitled to be so regarded, it should be this great naval commander of Asiatic race who never knew defeat and died in the presence of the enemy ; of whose movements a track-chart might be compiled from the wrecks of hundreds of Japanese ships lying with their valiant crews at the bottom of the sea, off the coasts of the Korean peninsula ... and it seems, in truth, no exaggeration to assert that from first to last he never made a mistake, for his work was so complete under each variety of circumstances as to defy criticism ... His whole career might be summarized by saying that, although he had no lessons from past history to serve as a guide, he waged war on the sea as it should be waged if it is to produce definite results, and ended by making the supreme sacrifice of a defender of his country.

he was not involved in any of the railway scandals, current or past ; he was not conspicuously involved in any of the personal battles that had consumed Alexander Rutherford, Frank Oliver, the brothers Arthur and Clifford Sifton, Charles Cross, or any of their followers ; he was not a high-powered flamboyant Liberal partisan ; he did not let himself get involved in federal Liberal Party machinations over issues such as the conscription crisis ; nor did he seem to be high-handed or dictatorial — a criticism levelled at his predecessor, Arthur Sifton.

Over the past decade, criticism has been growing over the creation of political dynasties in Belgium, in which all of the traditional political parties have been involved.

Occasional errors and revisions accounts for some past criticism while the allocation of Private Finance Initiative expenditure ( albeit following OECD and international statistical guidelines according to who carries the risk ) has attracted political attention.

As object relations theory came to place more emphasis on the patient / analysts relationship, and less of the reconstruction of the past, so too the criticism emerged that ' Freud never quite freed himself from some use of pressure: he still advocated the " fundamental rule " of free association ... could have the effect of bullying the patient, as if to say: " If you do not associate freely-we have ways of making you "'.

Ruddiman argues, in rebuttal that, this results from an invalid alignment of recent insolation maxima with insolation minima from the past, among other irregularities, which invalidate the criticism.

A more recent interpretation, associated with reader-response criticism, argues that the History is better understood as a piece of literature than an objective record of the past.

Modern criticism at first compared the new works unfavourably with the classical ideals of the past but these standards were soon rejected as too artificial.