The most commonly accepted explanation for this similarity is the two-source hypothesis.

Critical scholarship generally holds to the two-source hypothesis as most probable, which argues that the author used the Gospel of Mark and the hypothetical Q document in addition to unique material, as sources for the gospel.

In biblical criticism, the prayer's absence in the Gospel of Mark together with its occurrence in Matthew and Luke has caused scholars who accept the two-source hypothesis ( against other document hypotheses ) to conclude that it is probably a logion original to Q.

* Biblical criticism: Christian Hermann Weisse proposes the two-source hypothesis.

There are broadly two ways to explain this: by appealing to Q, a hypothesized document available to both Matthew and Luke ( the two-source hypothesis ); or by postulating that one of Matthew and Luke was familiar with the other's work as well as with Mark.

The two-source hypothesis emerged in the 19th century.

In summary, the two-source hypothesis proposes that Matthew and Luke used Mark for its narrative material as well as for the basic structural outline of chronology of Jesus ' life ; and that Matthew and Luke use a second source, Q ( from German Quelle, “ source ”), not extant, for the sayings ( logia ) found in both of them but not in Mark.

In the widely supported two-source hypothesis, the story of Mark was later fused with a separate tradition of anonymous sayings embodied in the Q document into the other gospels ; according to Doherty these became interpreted as the literal history of the life of Jesus.

Weisse was the first theologian to propose the two-source hypothesis ( 1838 ), which is still held by a majority of biblical scholars today.

In the two-source hypothesis, the Gospel of Mark was the first gospel to be written and was one of two sources to the Gospel of Matthew and the Gospel of Luke, the other source being the Q document, a lost collection of Jesus's sayings.

Most modern study, however, focuses on the two-source or four-source hypothesis.

The two-source hypothesis states that Matthew borrowed from both Mark and a hypothetical sayings collection, called Q ( for the German Quelle, meaning " source ").

In 1924 Burnett Hillman Streeter further refined the two-source hypothesis into a four-source hypothesis, with an M and an L being a unique source to Matthew and Luke respectively, with Q and L combined into a proto-Luke before Luke added Mark.

This hypothesis is the most serious alternative to the two-source hypothesis.

Its main advantages over the two-source hypothesis include the fact that it relies not just on internal evidence, that it doesn ’ t require lost sources or other “ plugs ” ( like the Q document ) and that it reconciles the view of the early church with the evidence.

The two-source hypothesis then proposes that the authors of Matthew and Luke drew on the Gospel of Mark as well as on Q.

In a different field the work of H. J. Holtzmann was significant: he established a chronology for the composition of the various books of the New Testament which formed the basis for future research on this subject, and established the two-source hypothesis ( the hypothesis that the gospels of Matthew and Luke drew on the gospel of Mark and a hypothetical document known as Q ).

Source criticism: diagram of the two-source hypothesis, an explanation for the relationship of the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke.

The dominant theory to account for the duplication is called the two-source hypothesis.

The two-source hypothesis is the most commonly accepted solution to the synoptic problem.

This two-source hypothesis, speculates that Matthew borrowed from both Mark and a hypothetical sayings collection, called Q.

According to the majority of scholars, the solution to the synoptic problem of similar content and dependence is the two-source hypothesis-that the three synoptic gospels are not totally independent but derive from two source texts, one being the Markan priority, the other being a hypothetical lost collection of logia ( sayings ) known as the Q document, and the few remaining elements unique to Matthew or to Luke are known as M or L, respectively.

The Augustinian position, and the similar Griesbach hypothesis, has drawn recent interest, especially from B. C. Butler, John Wenham, W. R. Farmer, and others as an alternative solution to the synoptic problem, and has been employed as a scholarly refutation of Marcan Priority, the Q hypothesis, and the two-source hypothesis.

If the author of Matthew is basing his work on Mark, as is theorized by the two-source hypothesis, then he made a conscious decision to emphasize the rapidity of the disciples response.

The Eastern Orthodox churches do not accept this two-source theory ; rather, they hold that there is a single source of revelation, Holy Tradition, of which Scripture is the most important part.

The Catholic view should not be confused with the two-source theory.

In telegraphy, frequency-exchange signaling or two-source frequency keying is frequency-change signaling in which the change from one significant condition to another is accompanied by decay in amplitude of one or more frequencies and by buildup in amplitude of one or more other frequencies.

In 1967, Pfleegor and Mandel demonstrated two-source interference using two separate lasers as light sources.

The hypothesis to Isocrates ' Helen mentions that Anaximenes, too, had written a Helen, " though it is more a defense speech ( apologia ) than an encomium ," and concludes that he was " the man who has written about Helen " to whom Isocrates refers ( Isoc.

Primarily known for her work in Egyptology, which was " the core of her academic career ," she is also known for her propagation of the Witch-cult hypothesis, the theory that the witch trials in the Early Modern period of Christianized Europe and North America were an attempt to extinguish a surviving pre-Christian, pagan religion devoted to a Horned God.

: Uniformity of rate ( or Gradualism ) is what most people ( including geologists ) think of when they hear the word " uniformitarianism ," confusing this hypothesis with the entire definition.

A point of hot controversy today is the so-called " Rifkin hypothesis ," which re-examines the famous " Entwurff ," Bach's 1730 memo to the Leipzig City Council ( A Short but Most Necessary Draft for a Well Appointed Church Music ) calling for at least 12 singers.

One hypothesis suggests that the common Spanish word for the dish, " cebiche ," has its origin in the Latin word cibus, which translates to English as " food for men and animals.

Arguing that " criticism cannot be a systematic thus scientific study unless there is a quality in literature which enables it to be so ," Frye puts forward the hypothesis that " just as there is an order of nature behind the natural sciences, so literature is not a piled aggregate of ' works ,' but an order of words " ( Anatomy 17 ).

An often cited model is what has come to be known as " the threshold hypothesis ," proposed by Ellis Paul Torrance, which holds that a high degree of intelligence appears to be a necessary but not sufficient condition for high creativity.

Other origins for the word pisco have been explored including a Mapudungun etymology where " pishku " has been interpreted as " something boiled in a pot ," which would in this hypothesis relate to the concept of burned wine ( Spanish: vino quemado ).

" efficient market hypothesis ," The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, v. 2, pp. 120 – 23.

A hypothesis by George Makdisi that the doctorate has its origins in the Islamic Ijazah, a 180 degree turnaround to an earlier view of him which held that both systems were of " the most fundamental difference ," has been rejected by Tony Huff as unsubstantiated.

This is the hypothesis of " autoforgery ," which he complicated later on by a supposed mechanism of " key-words ," of " gabarits ," of measurements by the " kutsch ," of turns and twists.

* IEEE Spectrum article " Who's Afraid of the Uncanny Valley ," April 2, 2010 A compilation of images of humanoid robots, lifelike mannequins and CGI humans, and a discussion of origins and scientific foundations of the uncanny valley hypothesis.

For instance, Joshua Muravchik, on the basis of Karl Popper's definition of science as " the practice of experimentation, of hypothesis and test ," argued that " Owen and Fourier and their followers were the real ‘ scientific socialists .’ They hit upon the idea of socialism, and they tested it by attempting to form socialist communities.

The laser star hypothesis is a hypothesis put forward by the physicist Y. P. Varshni in 1973 in response to several developments in astrophysical and earth-based research, and his belief that the existing body of work on quasars, or " quasi stellar objects ," suffered fundamental difficulties.

The hypothesis aims to explain the diversity and relative abundance of species in ecological communities, although like other neutral theories of ecology, Hubbell's hypothesis assumes that the differences between members of an ecological community of trophically similar species are " neutral ," or irrelevant to their success.

" There is sufficient evidence to defend both the ETI and the EDI hypothesis ," Hynek continued.

In October 1992, Science ran a story titled " Panel Nixes Congo Vaccine as AIDS source ," describing the findings of an independent panel which found each proposed step in the OPV-AIDS hypothesis " problematic ".

Arguing that continuity is " the archeologist's easiest pursuit ," Alinei deems this " the easiest working hypothesis ," putting the burden of proof on competing hypotheses as long as none provide irrefutable counter-evidence.