Infrared astronomy began in the 1830s, a few decades after the discovery of infrared light by William Herschel in 1800.

Infrared and optical astronomy are often practiced using the same telescopes, as the same mirrors or lenses are usually effective over a wavelength range that includes both visible and infrared light.

Infrared astronomy has also revealed that the interstellar medium contains a suite of complex gas-phase carbon compounds called polyaromatic hydrocarbons, often abbreviated PAHs or PACs.

Infrared astronomy has also been used to assess the composition of solid materials in the interstellar medium, including silicates, kerogen-like carbon-rich solids, and ices.

Notable examples of bolometers employed in submillimeter astronomy include the Herschel Space Observatory, the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope, and the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy ( SOFIA ).

* Infrared astronomy

* Infrared astronomy studies radiation with a wavelength that is too long to be visible to the naked eye but is shorter than radio waves.

Such cameras are often tuned for non-visible radiation for Infrared photography ( for night vision and heat sensing ) or X-ray ( for medical and video astronomy use ).

* Infrared astronomy deals with the detection and analysis of infrared radiation ( this typically refers to wavelengths longer than the detection limit of silicon solid-state detectors, about 1 μm wavelength ).

# REDIRECT Infrared astronomy

The Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer ( NICMOS ) is a scientific instrument for infrared astronomy, installed on the Hubble Space Telescope ( HST ), operating from 1997 to 1999, and from 2002 to 2008.

* Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer, a scientific instrument for infrared astronomy

The NASA Infrared Telescope Facility ( NASA IRTF ) is a telescope optimized for use in infrared astronomy and located at the Mauna Kea Observatory in Hawai ' i. It was first built to support the Voyager missions and is now the USA national facility for infrared astronomy, providing continued support to planetary, solar neighborhood, and deep space applications.

The Spitzer Science Center ( SSC ), part of the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center located on the Caltech campus, is the data analysis and community support center for NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.

Infrared radiation in the spectral distribution of a black body is usually considered a form of heat, since it has an equivalent temperature, and is associated with an entropy change per unit of thermal energy.

Infrared radiation is absorbed by greenhouse gases, which in turn re-radiate much of the energy to the surface and lower atmosphere.

Infrared is also used to observe distant, red-shifted galaxies that were formed much earlier in the history of the universe.

Infrared ( IR ) light is electromagnetic radiation with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, extending from the nominal red edge of the visible spectrum at 0. 74 micrometres ( µm ) to 300 µm.

Infrared light is emitted or absorbed by molecules when they change their rotational-vibrational movements.

Infrared light is used in industrial, scientific, and medical applications.

Infrared spectroscopy ( IR spectroscopy ) is the spectroscopy that deals with the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, that is light with a longer wavelength and lower frequency than visible light.

Infrared in general is used, for instance, in TV remotes.

Infrared technology is low-cost and has the advantage of being allowed aboard.

Infrared ( IR ) light is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength between 0. 7 and 300 micrometers, which equates to a frequency range between approximately 1 and 430 THz.

Infrared or red radiation from a common household radiator or electric heater is an example of thermal radiation, as is the heat and light ( IR and visible EM waves ) emitted by a glowing incandescent light bulb.

The high data speeds of UMTS are now most often utilised for Internet access: experience in Japan and elsewhere has shown that user demand for video calls is not high, and telco-provided audio / video content has declined in popularity in favour of high-speed access to the World Wide Web — either directly on a handset or connected to a computer via Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Infrared or USB.

Infrared light is strongly absorbed by the hydrogen-oxygen or OH bonds.

The organisation is mission center for several key current missions ( Kepler Mission, the Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite ( LCROSS ) mission, Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy ( SOFIA )) and a major contributor to the '" new exploration focus '" as a participant in the Orion crew exploration vehicle and Ares I crew launch vehicle projects.

Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy ( SOFIA ) is a joint venture of the U. S. and German aerospace agencies, NASA and the DLR to make an infrared telescope platform that can fly at altitudes high enough to be in the infrared-transparent regime above the water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere.

Infrared light is absorbed at many wavelengths by water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere, so most infrared telescopes are at high elevations in dry places, above as much of the atmosphere as possible.

The Kuiper Airborne Observatory and the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy use airplanes to observe in the infrared, which is absorbed by water vapor in the atmosphere.

This dependence on the polarizability differs from Infrared spectroscopy where the interaction between the molecule and light is determined by the dipole moment ; this contrasting feature allows to analyze transitions that might not be IR active via Raman spectroscopy, as exemplified by the rule of mutual exclusion in centrosymmetric molecules.

Infrared Data Association ( IrDA ) technology is a very simple form of free-space optical communications.

The Infrared Data Association ( IrDA ) is an industry driven interest group that was founded in 1993 by around 50 companies.

Further discoveries by astrophysics teams from both the University of Virginia and the University of Massachusetts Amherst, drawing upon the 2MASS Two-Micron All Sky Infrared Survey data, revealed the entire loop-shaped structure.

In 1979, a National Research Council of the National Academy of Sciences report, A Strategy for Space Astronomy and Astrophysics for the 1980s, identified a Shuttle Infrared Telescope Facility ( SIRTF ) as " one of two major astrophysics facilities be developed for Spacelab ," a Shuttle-borne platform.

Infrared and ultraviolet studies of planetary nebulae allowed much more accurate determinations of nebular temperatures, densities and abundances.

; NIRSPEC: The Near Infrared Spectrometer studies very high redshift radio galaxies, the motions and types of stars located near the Galactic Center, the nature of brown dwarfs, the nuclear regions of dusty starburst galaxies, active galactic nuclei, interstellar chemistry, stellar physics, and Solar System science.

Infrared studies of the crater region have revealed at least three layers of strata.

The order in the SAM and orientation of molecules can be probed by Neare Edge Xray Absorption Fine Structure ( NEXAFS ) and Fourrier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy in Reflection Absorption Infrared Spectroscopy ( RAIRS ) studies.

* Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer ( WISE mission ), a NASA-funded infrared-wavelength astronomical space telescope

* Infrared Spatial Interferometer, an astronomical interferometer array of three telescopes

It presented one of the first Adaptive Optics system available to the astronomical community, ADONIS: ADaptive Optics Near Infrared System in the 1980s.

* ADONIS, an acronym for ADaptive Optics Near Infrared System, was a second-generation adaptive optics system for the astronomical community.