Instead the Annales focused attention on the synthesizing of historical patterns identified from social, economic, and cultural history, statistics, medical reports, family studies, and even psychoanalysis.

Instead, radical psychologists examined the role of society in causing and treating problems and looked towards social change as an alternative to therapy to treat mental illness and as a means of preventing psychopathology.

Instead, social ostracism, legal discrimination, internalization of negative stereotypes, and limited support structures indicate factors homosexuals face in Western societies that often adversely affect their mental health.

Instead, Cobb argues that " social struggles " between the classes were seldom the reason for revolutionary actions and sentiments.

Instead it is a gesture which maintains the social network between family and friends.

Instead, his work became focused on landscapes and images of the daily life of Japanese people from a variety of social levels.

" Based on his findings, Fink suggests that, " Instead of endorsing these reports as the direct consequence of ECT, especially in patients who have recovered from their depressive illness, lost their suicidal drive, and have improved social functioning, is it not more useful to accept the complaint as a somatoform disorder, explore the basis in the individual's history and experience, and offer appropriate supportive treatment?

Instead, standard indicators of the quality of life include not only wealth and employment, but also the built environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, and social belonging.

Instead the companies, mainly large industrial firms, were traditionally responsible for a broad range of social welfare functions — building and maintaining housing for their workforces, and managing health, recreational, educational, and similar facilities.

Instead, CTA wants to address social issues around technology by influencing design practices.

Instead, Soviet revisionism and " social imperialism " was now seen as China's main enemy.

Instead, the narcissist emphasizes his virtues in the presence of others, just to try to convince himself that he is a valuable person and to try to stop feeling ashamed for his faults ; unfortunately such ' people with unrealistically inflated self-views, which may be especially unstable and highly vulnerable to negative information ... tend to have poor social skills '.

Instead of friendship, Lord Darlington takes advantage of Lady Windermere's tragic state and professes his love to her, offering her his life, and inviting her to risk short-term social humiliation for a new life with him.

Instead, John DeLorean unexpectedly resigned from General Motors on April 2, 1973 at age 48, telling the confused press that " I want to do things in the social area.

Instead, for researchers in the social identity tradition " a group is defined in terms of those who identify themselves as members of the group ".

Instead of charting one-way causal links from psyche to soma, or vice-versa, it aimed at a systemic model, where multiple biological, psychological and social factors were seen as interlinked.

Instead, some virtual worlds are more like social networking services like MySpace and Facebook, but with 3D simulation features.

Instead of a strict social hierarchy or a class divided society, North Korea had, in theory, divided the union into three classes-peasant, worker, and the samuwon ( intellectuals and professionals ) where each sect is just as important as the other.

Instead, Pinker sees language as an ability unique to humans, produced by evolution to solve the specific problem of communication among social hunter-gatherers.

Instead of focusing on the social and emotional aspects of development, the producers decided to follow the suggestions of the seminar participants and emphasize cognitive skills, a decision they felt was warranted by the demands of school and the wishes of parents.

Instead, Hanson argues, we should look to the " situation ", both inside of us ( including cognitive biases ) and outside of us ( family, community, social norms, and other environmental factors ) that have a much larger impact on our actions than mere " choice.

Instead of focusing on the individual and his or her personality, or on how the society or social situation causes human behavior, symbolic interactionism focuses on the activities that take place between actors.

Instead, he sees the action as a perfectly logical one in terms of the notions of friendship which were prevalent at the time ; " the idealisation of male friendship as superior to male-female love ( which was considered not romantic or compassionate but merely lustful, hence inferior ) performs a project of cultural nostalgia, a stepping back from potentially more threatening social arrangements to a world of order, a world based on a ' gift ' economy of personal relations among male social equals rather than one based on a newer, less stable economy of emotional and economic risk.

Instead, gravity corresponds to changes in the properties of space and time, which in turn changes the straightest-possible paths that objects will naturally follow.

Instead of the international date line convention, there are varying opinions as to where the day changes.

Instead, if products are differentiated, changes in quantity sold by a member may be due to changes in consumer preferences or demand.

Instead of a codified classification as the pragmatic application of genre, the new genre idea insists that " human agents not only have the creative capacities to reproduce past action, such as action embedded in genres, but also can respond to changes in their environment, and in turn change that environment, to produce under-determined and possibly unprecedented action, such as by modifying genres " ( Killoran 72 ).

Instead, as the temperature changes, it loses value in one membership function while gaining value in the next.

Instead of having an " instance " of an object that is based on some " class ", in Self one makes a copy of an existing object, and changes it.

Instead the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic decided to keep the Basic Law with only minor changes, because it had proved to be effective in West Germany.

Instead, dynamic changes of the landscape are now seen as an essential part of their nature.

Instead of officially designating rooms for cooking, sleeping, etc., these activities were relocated throughout the year as appropriate to accommodate the changes in temperature and the position of the sun.

Instead, the consonant before the contracted vowel changes to the aspirated equivalent ( i. e., π → φ, τ → θ, κ → χ ), if possible, and the contracted vowel takes the apostrophe or coronis ( identical to the smooth breathing ).

Instead, the production system needs only to evaluate the changes ( deltas ) to working memory.

Instead of waiting after a traffic light changes to green for drivers ahead to react, a synchronized platoon would move as one, allowing up to a fivefold increase in traffic throughput if spacing is diminished that much.

Instead, they completed changes needed to U. S. production and sent the plans back to the Army for production elsewhere and in December 1940 the Singer Corporation was contracted to produce 1, 500 predictors per month to equip the Army's existing 37 mm guns while production of the 40 mm Bofors was ramped up.

Instead of an incentive to reduce labor cost, throughput accounting focuses attention on the relationships between throughput ( revenue or income ) on one hand and controllable operating expenses and changes in inventory on the other.

Instead, he was influenced by the Progressive Era ; and changes in the American identity that accompanied the country ’ s rapid urbanization, technological growth, industrialization, and the closing of the frontier.

Instead, the Conservative government adopted in 2008 and 2009 legislation freezing the EI surplus indefinitely and putting EI premiums on a pay-as-you-go basis, so that-starting in 2011-they will fluctuate in line with changes in unemployment levels.

Instead, the σ changes its binding with the core during initiation and elongation.

Instead of agricultural technology and scale determining and limiting population as Malthus attempted to argue, Boserup argued the world is full of cases of the direct opposite: that population changes and expands agricultural methods.

Instead, half-shaft axles fitted with constant velocity joints raised ride height without the wild changes in camber of the Beetle-based swing axle suspension.

Instead, the City of London had previously obtained a " heritage alteration permit ", permits which are routinely used for minor changes to heritage properties, changes that don't affect the by-law reasons for designation.

Instead of the memory system having to pay moment-to-moment attention to the environment to account for all environmental changes, the ( STS ) serves as a buffer and separates the environment from the memory system.