Instead of writing out every step of an operation in every part of the program where it was needed, programmers saved memory by writing each step of such operations once ( see " Don't repeat yourself ") and placing it in a subroutine.

Instead the compiler often uses compiler-specific auxiliary functions in the runtime library that are mostly not accessible to application programmers.

Instead of inflecting a verb or using an unattached particle to indicate the past or future, Siddo used an entirely different word.

Instead, Alexios Doukas used his access to the palace to arrest the emperors.

Instead of using RS-422's balanced transmit and receive circuits, the AppleTalk Personal Network cabling used a single common electrical ground, which limited speeds to about 500 kbit / s, but allowed one conductor to be removed.

Since the 2002 edition, the Apostles ' Creed is included in the Roman Missal with the indication, " Instead of the Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed, especially during Lent and Easter time, the baptismal Symbol of the Roman Church, known as the Apostles ’ Creed, may be used.

Instead, vectors are used to deliver the desired gene to cells in the patient's body.

Instead he used capital and lower-case letters, numerals, and every typographical symbol available on his extensive and somewhat eccentric typewriter.

Instead, particles and auxiliary words are used to indicate grammatical relationships.

Instead The Far Side used a wide variety of characters including humans, monsters, aliens, chickens, cows, worms, amoebas and more.

Instead of listing every single element, sometimes an ellipsis ("...") is used, if the writer believes that the reader can easily guess what is missing ; for example, presumably denotes the set of integers from 1 to 100.

Instead, vegetables such as beans or fruits are used.

Instead of conductivity, a reciprocal quantity called resistivity ρ, can be used:

Instead, non-return-to-zero, inverted encoding is used: a change from pit to land or land to pit indicates a one, while no change indicates a series of zeros.

Instead, water clocks in ancient societies were used mainly for astrological reasons.

Instead the distinction went to the 1884 route from Archway to Highgate, north London, which used a continuous cable and grip system on the 1 in 11 ( 9 %) climb of Highgate Hill.

Instead, this effort evolved into the SAGE system for the US Air Force, which used large screens and light guns to allow operators to interact with radar data stored in the computer.

Instead of sampling and quantization as in analog-to-digital conversion, such techniques as polling and encoding are used.

One critic states of psychologists that " Instead of replacing ' metaphysical ' terms such as ' desire ' and ' purpose ', they used it to legitimize them by giving them operational definitions ... the initial, quite radical operationalist ideas eventually came to serve as little more than a ' reassurance fetish ' ( Koch 1992 ) for mainstream methodological practice.

Instead, these parsers just provide to the application the parsed FPI and / or URI associated to the notations found in the parsed SGML or XML document, and with a facility for a dictionary containing all notation names declared in the DTD ; these validating parsers will also check the uniqueness of notation name declarations, and will report a validation error if some notation names are used anywhere in the DTD or in the document body but not declared:

Instead, an inexpensive device fitting over hinges is available on the market and should be used to ensure safety ..."

Instead of trying to project the cash flows to infinity, terminal value techniques are often used.

Instead of developing a new name for the new type of monarchy, they used ( autokratōr, only partly overlapping with the modern understanding of " autocrat ") or ( basileus, until then the usual name for " sovereign ").

Instead of true cinnamon, " Chinese cinnamon " ( also known as rougui, the ground bark of the cassia tree, a close relative of true cinnamon which is often sold as cinnamon ), may be used.

Instead, it is used only to display or print the content.

Instead, the auk was a powerful swimmer, a trait that it used in hunting.

Instead, resins are used.

Instead it tends to depend on the location of kind of data available to the researcher.

Instead, they subscribe to a service for a monthly or annual fee with a service provider that hosts the call centre telephony equipment in their own data centre.

Instead the broadcast can use the channel to include PSIP and can also subdivide across several video subchannels ( aka feeds ) of varying quality and compression rates, including non-video datacasting services that allow one-way high-bandwidth streaming of data to computers like National Datacast.

Instead of data, the craft emits a carrier signal on a predetermined frequency.

Instead of using code, the developer defines his logic by selecting an operation in a pre-defined list of memory or data table manipulation commands.

Instead of directly modifying an FFT algorithm for these cases, DCTs / DSTs can also be computed via FFTs of real data combined with O ( N ) pre / post processing.

Instead, in keeping with Reese's statement above, specific criteria for measurement are stated, and the goal is to construct procedures or operations that provide data that meet the relevant criteria.

Instead of reading any sized vector several times as in the STAR, the Cray-1 would have to read only a portion of the vector at a time, but it could then run several operations on that data prior to writing the results back to memory.

Instead of leaving the data in memory like the STAR and ASC, the Cray design had eight " vector registers ," which held sixty-four 64-bit words each.

Instead of pipelining just the instructions, they also pipeline the data itself.

Instead of constantly having to decode instructions and then fetch the data needed to complete them, it reads a single instruction from memory, and " knows " that the next address will be one larger than the last.

Instead of writing data to an actual disc, it creates a virtual disk image.

Instead of physically connecting the antennas, data received at each antenna is paired with timing information, usually from a local atomic clock, and then stored for later analysis on magnetic tape or hard disk.

Instead of referring to the data as, in effect, " the data that happens to be in these cells ", each set of data in the sheet was given a name, and could then be grouped into categories.

Instead it is commonplace for a server to load its initial operating system from a TFTP server or local boot device, and then use iSCSI for data storage once booting from the local device has finished.

Instead, the I / O registers are mapped into the data address space starting at the very beginning of the address space.

Instead of ssh, stunnel can also be used to create an encrypted tunnel to secure the data transmitted.

Instead, they relied upon technology to pour the brains of departed Heechee into data storage, giving them a limited immortality.

Instead of starting with empirical data, he started with a classical economic model following very simple economic principles.

Instead, data is considered uncertain and therefore this uncertainty is propagated to the results produced by BI.

Instead, the data was accessed directly by the program-a programming library in the case of large mainframe systems, or a command line interface or interactive forms system in the case of dBASE and similar applications.