Similarly, it has Investment protection agreement with 5 countries ( PSRD ) since 1983.

Investment in mitigation measures acts as insurance protection against the great uncertainties and the possibility of dramatic surprises.

Investment protection is a broad economic term referring to any form of guarantee or insurance that investments made will not be lost, this may be through fraud or otherwise.

Investment banks then decided to add features to the basic convertible bond, such as increased income in exchange for limits on the convertibility of the stock, or principal protection.

Common targets include the World Bank ( WB ), International Monetary Fund ( IMF ), the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) and the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) and free trade treaties like the North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ), Free Trade Area of the Americas ( FTAA ), the Multilateral Agreement on Investment ( MAI ) and the General Agreement on Trade in Services ( GATS ).

Investment treaties commonly and routinely provide for enforcement by individuals or investing entities.

The importance of human rights on the global stage can be traced to the importance of human rights within the United Nations framework and the UN Charter can be seen as the starting point for the development of a broad array of declarations, treaties, implementation and enforcement mechanisms, UN organs, committees and reports on the protection of human rights.

International human rights instruments are treaties and other international documents relevant to international human rights law and the protection of human rights in general.

Latvia and the United States have signed treaties on investment, trade, and intellectual property protection and avoidance of double taxation.

Other issues in this and related treaties included labour conditions, just treatment of native inhabitants, human and drug trafficking, arms trade, global health, prisoners of war, and protection of minorities in Europe.

Italy had access to these areas under the successive protection treaties, but not direct rule.

Under a series of treaties concluded after World War I, Switzerland assumed responsibility for the diplomatic and consular representation of Liechtenstein, the protection of its borders, and the regulation of its customs.

Karl Peters, who formed the Society for German Colonization, concluded a series of treaties by which tribal chiefs in the interior accepted German " protection.

The Aden hinterland and Hadhramaut to the east formed the remainder of what would become South Yemen and were not administered directly by Aden but were tied to Britain by treaties of protection.

The African population resisted French penetration and settlement, even in areas where treaties of protection had been in force.

The explorer Colonel Parfait-Louis Monteil traveled from Senegal to Lake Chad in 1890 – 1892, signing treaties of friendship and protection with the rulers of several of the countries he passed through, and gaining much knowledge of the geography and politics of the region.

Due to noise protection treaties, the overall number of aircraft stands at Tegel airport is restricted, thus aircraft stands on the apron ( serving Terminals A and D ) had to be removed for compensation.

The European Court of Justice also found that " international treaties for the protection of human rights on which the member states have collaborated or of which they are signatories, can supply guidelines which should be followed within the framework of Community law.

None of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights.

But, even following the recognition of statehood, a degree of continuity can be maintained through bilateral treaties between now equal governments involving practicalities such as military training, mutual protection pacts, or even a garrison and / or military bases.

Many constitutions acknowledge the fundamental right to environmental protection, and many international treaties acknowledge the right to live in a healthy environment.

A major area of necessary international regulation is the reduction of the capacity of corporations to sue states under investor state dispute settlement provisions in trade or investment treaties if otherwise necessary public health or environment protection legislation has impeded corporate investments.

Tijerina based his closing argument on Article 6, Section two of the Constitution, which obligates the government to comply with the terms of international treaties, i. e., the protection of the property rights of land-grantees as provided by articles 8 and 9 of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.

The Supreme Court affirmed that the US Government “ has the right and authority, instead of controlling them by treaties, to govern them by acts of Congress, they being within the geographical limit of the United States … The Indians owe no allegiance to a State within which their reservation may be established, and the State gives them no protection .”.

While the United States managed to secure peace treaties, these obliged it to pay tribute for protection from attack.

The Aden hinterland and Hadhramaut to the east formed the remainder of what would become South Yemen and was not administered directly by Aden but were tied to Britain by treaties of protection with local rulers of traditional polities that, together, became known as the Aden Protectorate.

Ironically, Britain, who during its occupation of Aden signed several treaties of protection with the local sheikhdoms and emirates of the Federation of South Arabia, excluded them in the talks and thus the agreement stated "... the handover of the territory of South Arabia to the ( Yemeni ) NLf ...".

These early agreements with local entities, however, later formed the basis for annexation treaties, diplomatic support and military protection by the German Empire.

Due to international wildlife protection treaties, it is not legal to export snakeskin-covered sanshins to some countries ( such as the United Kingdom and United States ).

The European came bearing flags, treaties and promise of protection.

Missouri v. Holland, 252 U. S. 416 ( 1920 ), the United States Supreme Court held that protection of its quasi-sovereign right to regulate the taking of game is a sufficient jurisdictional basis, apart from any pecuniary interest, for a bill by a State to enjoin enforcement of federal regulations over the subject alleged to be unconstitutional, and that the federal government's ability to make treaties is supreme over any state concerns about such treaties having abrogated any states ' rights arising under the Tenth Amendment.