Taken as a physical description of space, postulate 2 ( extending a line ) asserts that space does not have holes or boundaries ( in other words, space is homogeneous and unbounded ); postulate 4 ( equality of right angles ) says that space is isotropic and figures may be moved to any location while maintaining congruence ; and postulate 5 ( the parallel postulate ) that space is flat ( has no intrinsic curvature ).

Bible scholar Raymond E. Brown asserts that about 80 % of critical scholarship judges that Paul did not write Ephesians, while Perrin and Duling say that of six authoritative scholarly references, " four of the six decide for pseudonymity, and the other two ( PCB and JBC ) recognize the difficulties in maintaining Pauline authorship.

The first viewpoint is that emotions are discrete and fundamentally different constructs while the second viewpoint asserts that emotions can be characterized on a dimensional basis in groupings.

A study published by Seton Hall Law's Center for Policy and Research, while making no conclusions regarding what actually transpired, asserts that the military investigation failed to address significant issues detailed in that report.

Because of this, Finkelstein repeatedly asserts that " fraudulent " claims were made on Switzerland, while accounts and assets in the US and Israel were ignored.

The amended constitution asserts that while it is the entitlement of " every person born in the island of Ireland … to be part of the Irish Nation " and to hold Irish citizenship, " a united Ireland shall be brought about only by peaceful means with the consent of a majority of the people, democratically expressed, in both jurisdictions in the island.

Islam insists upon the complete oneness and uniqueness of God ( Allah ), while Mormonism asserts that the Godhead is made up of three distinct " personages.

Holy Mother Church has firmly and with absolute constancy held, and continues to hold, that the four Gospels just named, whose historical character the Church unhesitatingly asserts, faithfully hand on what Jesus Christ, while living among men, really did and taught for their eternal salvation until the day He was taken up into heaven ( see Acts 1: 1 ).

Most scholars believe that he never taught at Magnaura or at any other university ; Vasileios N. Tatakes asserts that, even while he was patriarch, Photios taught " young students passionately eager for knowledge " at his home, which " was a center of learning ".

Hartwich asserts that while the East undoubtedly improved economically, it was " at a much slower pace than Chancellor Helmut Kohl had predicted ".

The short story also asserts the premise that while currently trapped in R ' lyeh, Cthulhu will eventually return, with worshipers often repeating the phrase Ph ' nglui mglw ' nafh Cthulhu R ' lyeh wgah ' nagl fhtagn: " In his house at R ' lyeh, dead Cthulhu waits dreaming ".

Henri Le Caron, who, while acting as a secret agent of the British government, held the position of " Inspector-General of the Irish Republican Army ," asserts that he distributed fifteen thousand stands of arms and almost three million rounds of ammunition in the care of the many trusted men stationed between Ogdensburg, New York and St. Albans, Vermont, in preparation for the intended raid.

Plutarch mentions a legend that Deucalion and Pyrrha had settled in Dodona, Epirus ; while Strabo asserts that they lived at Cynus, and that her grave is still to be found there, while his may be seen at Athens ; he also mentions a pair of Aegean islands named after the couple.

Davidson asserts that while cultivation of the apple in Northern Europe extends back to at least the time of the Roman Empire and came to Europe from the Near East, the native varieties of apple trees growing in Northern Europe are small and bitter.

Zetlin asserts that while there was no diminution of Balakirev's creative talent, the reason for this lack of disparity was because Balakirev " had ceased to evolve " as an artist ; he remained creatively at the point he had reached in the 1860s, " and his newest works seemed thus merely an echo of the past.

A mid-eleventh-century source asserts that Cynehelm briefly succeeded to the throne while still a child, and was then murdered by his tutor Æscberht at the behest of Cwoenthryth.

He emphatically asserts the existence of pure disinterested sentiment, while declaring it to be a growth from the self-regarding feelings.

Experience asserts that M is the same ( i. e. a mark of the same concept ) as N, while logic denies it ; and so it being impossible for one and the same M to sustain these contradictory positions there is but one way open to us ; we must posit several Ms.

The ensuing crisis makes her doubt that God exists, while the vicar's sister, a friend of theirs, asserts that " we should be thankful for the cross we have to bear.

ICOC Chronicler Chris Lee asserts that three factions emerged, still extant today: a conservative group which seeks a return to the former, authoritarian structure ; a moderate group that, " while they recognize that reform is necessary, feel that the current rate of reform is sufficient "; and a reformist group which advocates radical restructuring.

According to one authority, it is in sonata form ( Keller 1961, 157 ), while another asserts it is a large ternary form, concluding with a cadenza and a coda ( Mead 1985, 140 ).

The Mule promises that he will find the Second Foundation, while Bayta asserts that he will not have enough time before the Second Foundation reacts.

On one occasion the adult Biggles asserts to Air Commodore Raymond that " while men are decent to me I try to be decent to them, regardless of race, colour, politics, creed or anything else ",.

Materialism asserts the primacy of the material world: in short, matter precedes thought.

She was also sued in Federal Court by Gene Ringgold, who asserts that the actress's autobiography contains material from an article he wrote about her for a magazine Screen Facts in 1965.

One of his early books, Two Cheers for Capitalism, asserts that capitalism, or more precisely bourgeois capitalism, is worthy of two cheers: One cheer, because " it works, in a quite simple, material sense ", by improving the conditions of people.

He asserts that a state's attempt to place people in the same ( or similar ) material position leads to an unequal treatment of individuals and to a compulsory redistribution of income.

He has defended his material as being significantly different from Wicca at the roots level, and asserts that many of the foundational concepts in Gerald Gardner's Wicca can be found earlier in works on Italian Witchcraft and ancient Mediterranean mystery sects.

Cunningham asserts that the Brahma Padartha / Mani ( Divine Life material ) is nothing but a Buddhist relic ( Buddha's Tooth ).

British psychologist Oliver James asserts that there is a correlation between the increasing nature of affluenza and the resulting increase in material inequality: the more unequal a society, the greater the unhappiness of its citizens.

James asserts that societies can remove the negative consumerist effects by pursuing real needs over perceived wants, and by defining themselves as having value independent of their material possessions.

He asserts that only spiritual and philosophical change — not material advancement or political reform — can lead to real progress ; he cites the mistreatment of the Native Americans as proof that democratic government and law are not enough in themselves to preclude tyranny.

Dolf Zillmann asserts that extensive viewing of pornographic material produces many unfavorable sociological effects, including a decreased respect for long-term, monogamous relationships, and an attenuated desire for procreation.

While Aristotle asserts that the matter ( and parts ) are a necessary cause of things ( viz., the material cause ), he says that nature is primarily the essence or formal cause ( 1. 193b6 ), that is, the information, the whole species itself.

" Fragment G ", which Clement of Alexandria ( Stromateis 6. 52. 3-4 ) related to " On Friends ", asserts that there is shared matter between Gnostic Christian material, and material found in " publicly available books "; which is the result of " the law that is written in the heart ".

Behe asserts that the absence of any one of these proteins causes the flagella to fail to function, and that the flagellum " engine " is irreducibly complex as if we try to reduce its complexity by positing an earlier and simpler stage of its evolutionary development, we get an organism which functions improperly.

In particular, Breggin asserts that animal and human autopsy studies have shown that ECT routinely causes widespread pinpoint hemorrhages and scattered cell death.

) Ladd asserts that, contrary to Royce, causes to which one is loyal are interpersonal, not impersonal or suprapersonal.

Other defenses seek to attribute the criminal act to the society in which the defendant lives rather than his or her own choices ; the pornography defense asserts that the proliferation of pornography causes men to commit acts of sexual violence, and urban survival syndrome claims that violent conditions in a city or neighborhood may justify violent actions by a particular individual.

* Morris minimized the number of expulsions: Finkelstein asserts that in the table in which Morris summarizes causes of abandonment, village by village, many cases of " military assault on settlement ( M )" should have been " expulsions ( E )".

This variant asserts that an unelected officer's non-compliance with the directive of their elected officer must be due to one of two equally unacceptable causes: either the civil servant is lazy or incompetent, or the civil servant is acting willfully or maliciously against the instructions given by his / her elected officer.

Whilst entertaining such an exaggerated estimate of the services of Malthus that he extravagantly pronounces him as a benefactor of mankind on a level with Adam Smith, he yet shows that he modified his opinions on population considerably in the course of his career, regards his statements of the doctrine with which his name is associated as vague and ambiguous, and asserts that, in the absence of disturbing causes, subsistence may be expected to increase in a greater ratio than population.

Dennett asserts that if she already truly knew " everything about colour ", that knowledge would necessarily include a deep understanding of why and how human neurology causes us to sense the " qualia " of color.

Nietzsche appears to espouse a strong brand of scientific anti-realism when he asserts that " It is we alone who have fabricated causes, succession, reciprocity, relativity, compulsion, number, law, freedom, motive, purpose " (§ 21 ).

Inhabiting the body of her brother, Nova asserts control of Empress Lilandra and causes a Shi ' ar civil war.

In a publication published by the W. K. Kellogg Foundation, University of Michigan professor Barry Checkoway asserts that internalized adultism causes youth to " question their own legitimacy, doubt their ability to make a difference " and perpetuate a " culture of silence " among young people.

Witch trials in 16th and 17th century Western Europe are the primary focus of the Witch Mania section of the book, which asserts that this was a time when ill fortune was likely to be attributed to supernatural causes.