At the top a capital ( also known as a chapiter ) or finial decorate the column, depending on whether it is attached to a structure or free-standing.

The tallest free-standing cactus is Pachycereus pringlei, with a maximum recorded height of, and the smallest is Blossfeldia liliputiana, only about in diameter at maturity.

The charges of free-standing particles are integer multiples of the elementary charge e ; we say that electric charge is quantized.

Quarks have fractional charges of either − or +, but free-standing quarks have never been observed ( the theoretical reason for this fact is asymptotic freedom ).

The inability to obtain a remedy before a national court for an infringement of a Convention right is thus a free-standing and separately actionable infringement of the Convention.

A Hoosier cabinet, often shortened to " hoosier ", is a type of free-standing kitchen cabinet popular in the early decades of the twentieth century.

The skin is supported by two handles that run under it, and it supports a notched double free-standing bridge.

A tor is a large, free-standing residual mass ( rock outcrop ) that rises abruptly from the surrounding smooth and gentle slopes of a rounded hill summit or ridge crest.

* June 26 – The CN Tower is built in Toronto ; the tallest free-standing land structure opens to the public.

The Ggantia Prehistoric Temple in Gozo is the oldest free-standing building in the world ( photo ).

The St. Martin's Cross on Iona is the best-preserved high cross, probably inspired by Northumbrian free-standing crosses, such as the Ruthwell Cross, although a similar cross exists in Ireland ( Ahenny, County Tipperary ).

The fairly dense crown is roundish or ovular and may reach the diameter of in old, free-standing specimens.

Larch Mountain is the county's highest free-standing peak.

Emley Moor is the tallest free-standing structure in the UK, and the 25th tallest in the world, and was designed by Ove Arup.

* ( Burlington House, Piccadilly, London ): Burlington's own contribution is likely to have been restricted to the former colonnade ( demolished 1868 ) In London, Burlington offered designs for features at several aristocratic free-standing dwellings, none of which have survived: Queensbury House in Burlington Gardens ( a gateway ); Warwick House, Warwick Street ( interiors ); Richmond House, Whitehall ( the main building );

ObjectPAL is not a full free-standing object-oriented language.

In those Protestant churches in which the focus of worship is not on the Eucharist, which may be celebrated rarely, and in churches which want to make use of both a fixed and free-standing altar at different services, they are not only movable but are in fact occasionally moved.

In many other Anglican parishes, the custom is considerably less rigorous, especially in those parishes which use free-standing altars.

* Rock-cut tombs, a form widespread in the ancient world, in which the tomb is not built but carved out of the rock and can be a free-standing building but is more commonly a cave, which may be extensive and may or may not have an elaborate facade.

This lion is among the few free-standing sculptures from the Mausoleum at the British Museum.

* The Mausoleum ( 1729 – 40 ) built on the same scale as his London churches, it is almost certainly the first free-standing mausoleum built in Western Europe since the fall of the Roman empire.

With nearly of retail space, Pineville is home to the Carolina Place Mall, at least two power centres and many strip malls, outparcels and free-standing retailers.

A high cross or standing cross (,, ) is a free-standing Christian cross made of stone and often richly decorated.

-- The crystallization of copolymers comprising Af units interspersed with a minor percentage of Af is limited by the inability of the crystal lattice characteristic of the former to accommodate the bulky side group of the latter.

Amethyst is a purple variety of quartz ( SiO < sub > 2 </ sub >) and owes its violet color to irradiation, iron impurities ( in some cases in conjunction with transition element impurities ), and the presence of trace elements, which result in complex crystal lattice substitutions.

A perfect crystal is one in which the internal lattice structure extends uninterrupted in all directions.

Every lattice element of the structure is in its proper place, whether it is a single atom or a molecular grouping.

He ordained further that some should be called " Abbreviators of the Upper Bar " ( Abbreviatores de Parco Majori ; the name derived from a space in the chancery, surrounded by a grating, in which the officials sat, which is called higher or lower ( major or minor ) according to the proximity of the seats to that of the vice-chancellor ), the others of the Lower Bar ( Abbreviatores de Parco Minori ); that the former should sit upon a slightly raised portion of the chamber, separated from the rest of the hall or chamber by lattice work, assist the Cardinal Vice-Chancellor, subscribe the letters and have the principal part in examining, revising, and expediting the apostolic letters to be issued with the leaden seal ; that the latter, however, should sit among the apostolic writers upon benches in the lower part of the chamber, and their duty was to carry the signed schedules or supplications to the prelates of the upper bar.

The Funkturm Berlin is a tall lattice radio tower at the fair area, built between 1924 and 1926.

Upon heating, α-berkelium transforms into another phase with an fcc lattice ( but slightly different from β-berkelium ), space group Fmm and the lattice constant of 500 pm ; this fcc structure is equivalent to the closest packing with the sequence ABC.

In abstract algebra, a Boolean algebra or Boolean lattice is a complemented distributive lattice.

In many superconductors, the attractive interaction between electrons ( necessary for pairing ) is brought about indirectly by the interaction between the electrons and the vibrating crystal lattice ( the phonons ).

In most materials ( in low temperature superconductors ), this attraction is brought about indirectly by the coupling of electrons to the crystal lattice ( as explained above ).

This is incorporated into the BCS theory, where lattice vibrations yield the binding energy of electrons in a Cooper pair.

Half or more of the trench is filled with " green " ( unfired ) bricks which are stacked in an open lattice pattern to allow airflow.

The lattice is capped with a roofing layer of finished brick.

Also called the " caesium chloride structure ", this structural motif is composed of a primitive cubic lattice with a two-atom basis, each with an eightfold coordination ; the chloride atoms lie upon the lattice points at the edges of the cube, while the caesium atoms lie in the holes in the center of the cubes.

Then X is compact if and only if X is a complete lattice ( i. e. all subsets have suprema and infima ).

However, as the temperature of a semiconductor rises above absolute zero, there is more energy in the semiconductor to spend on lattice vibration and on exciting electrons into the conduction band.

The longheld view is that the carbon atoms fit into octahedral interstices in a close packed metal lattice when the metal atom radius is greater than approximately 135 pm:

the body centred cubic structure adopted by vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten is not a close packed lattice.

The simple view that the lattice of the pure metal " absorbs " carbon atoms can be seen to be untrue as the packing of the metal atom lattice in the carbides is different from the packing in the pure metal, although it is technically correct that the carbon atoms fit into the octahedral interstices of a close-packed metal lattice.