Rousseau's conception of alpine purity was later emphasized with the publication of Albrecht von Haller's poem Die Alpen that described the mountains as an area of mythical purity.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau's father Isaac was not in the city at this time, but Jean-Jacques's grandfather supported Fatio and was penalized for it.

Rousseau's father, Isaac Rousseau, was a watchmaker who, notwithstanding his artisan status, was well educated and a lover of music.

In listening to barcaroles, I found I had not yet known what singing was ... — Confessions Rousseau's employer routinely received his stipend as much as a year late and paid his staff irregularly.

Rousseau's 1750 " Discourse on the Arts and Sciences " was awarded the first prize and gained him significant fame.

Sophie was the cousin and houseguest of Rousseau's patroness and landlady Madame d ' Epinay, whom he treated rather highhandedly.

Rousseau's 800-page novel of sentiment, Julie, ou la nouvelle Héloïse, was published in 1761 to immense success.

Rousseau's choice of a Catholic vicar of humble peasant background ( plausibly based on a kindly prelate he had met as a teenager ) as a spokesman for the defense of religion was in itself a daring innovation for the time.

Rousseau's letter to Hume, in which he articulates the perceived misconduct, sparked an exchange which was published in Paris and received with great interest at the time.

One of Rousseau's last pieces of writing was a critical yet enthusiastic analysis of Gluck's opera Alceste.

In 2002, the Espace Rousseau was established at 40 Grand-Rue, Geneva, Rousseau's birthplace.

The kind of republican government of which Rousseau approved was that of the city state, of which Geneva was a model, or would have been, if renewed on Rousseau's principles.

France could not meet Rousseau's criterion of an ideal state because it was too big.

Such was not Rousseau's meaning.

At the time, however, Rousseau's strong endorsement of religious toleration, as expounded by the Savoyard vicar in Émile, was interpreted as advocating indifferentism, a heresy, and led to the condemnation of the book in both Calvinist Geneva and Catholic Paris.

Rousseau's idea of the volonté générale (" general will ") was not original with him but rather belonged to a well-established technical vocabulary of juridical and theological writings in use at the time.

Burke's " Letter to a Member of the National Assembly ", published in February 1791, was a diatribe against Rousseau, whom he considered the paramount influence on the French Revolution ( his ad hominem attack did not really engage with Rousseau's political writings ).

On similar grounds, one of Rousseau's strongest critics during the second half of the 20th century was political philosopher Hannah Arendt.

An early critic of social contract theory was Rousseau's friend, the philosopher David Hume, who in 1742 published an essay " Of Civil Liberty ", in whose second part, entitled, " Of the Original Contract ", he stressed that the concept of a " social contract " was a convenient fiction:

Waddell, the newspaperman, was a fellow in his middle forties, with a graying crewcut, heavy-framed glasses, and a large jaw padded with fat.

The slender, handsome fellow was called Dandy Brandon by the other slaves.

Their writings assume more than dramatic or patriotic interest because of their conviction that the struggle in which they were involved was neither selfish nor parochial but, rather, as Washington in his last wartime circular reminded his fellow countrymen, that `` with our fate will the destiny of unborn millions be involved ''.

Joseph Jastrow, the younger son of the distinguished rabbi, Marcus Jastrow, was a friendly, round-faced fellow with a little mustache, whose field was psychology, and who was also a punster and a jolly tease.

His fellow Virginian, George Washington, had stated, `` I believe no event was ever received with more heartfelt joy ''.

He became a fellow of Jesus in 1629, proceeded M.A. from Jesus in 1632, and was proctor in 1639-40.

Do you get the picture of the kind of fellow he was ''??

There I was a retired wobbly and structural iron worker who'd never gouged a cent off a fellow worker in my thirty years in the movement.

Times Square, when I ascended to it with my fellow subway travellers ( all dressed as if for a huge wedding in a family of which we were all distant members ), was nearly impassable, the sidewalks swarming with celebrants, with bundled up sailors and soldiers already hugging their girls and their rationed bottles of whiskey.

but the old fellow, a lifelong teetotaler, refused it, and no more was thought of the matter.

Never a `` quick study '', he now made no attempt to learn his `` lines '' and many a mile of film was wasted, many a scene -- sometimes involving as many as a thousand fellow thespians -- was taken thirty, forty, fifty times because Miss Poitrine's co-star and `` helpmate '' had never learned his part.

There was a fellow named Blatz over Smithtown way.

The engineer had more than seven years of experience in the firm, was well trained, was considered a hard worker, was respected by his fellow engineers for his technical competence and was regarded as a `` comer ''.

One of them was a very friendly, lovely fellow named Ronald, a boy about my age with slick, blond hair and dancing blue eyes.

`` There was that fellow out there in the bitter cold '' --

In the late 17th century, Guru Gobind Singh Ji ( the tenth guru in Sikhism ), was in war with the Moghul rulers to protect the people of different faiths, when a fellow Sikh, Bhai Kanhaiya, attended the troops of the enemy.

He was so anxious to capture the tune in his head, he asked fellow passenger friend Harry Martin for his shirt cuff to write the tune on.

He was first educated at Transylvania University in Lexington, where he met fellow student Jefferson Davis.

According to fellow folk singer Joan Baez, it was one of the most requested songs from her audiences, but she never realized its origin as a hymn ; by the time she was singing it in the 1960s she said it had " developed a life of its own ".

Raynal escaped to Spa, and thence to Berlin, where he was coolly received by Frederick the Great, in spite of his connection with the philosophe party.

While enthusiasts and apologists see Brissot as an idealist, and unblemished, philosophe revolutionary, his detractors have challenged his credibility and moral character by repeating allegations that during the mid-1780s he was involved in the production and dissemination of pornographic libelles, spied for the police and or the British and defrauded his business partner.

It was in 1977, on the television show Apostrophes, that Lévy was presented, alongside André Glucksmann, as a nouveau philosophe.

She was the mother of Jean le Rond d ' Alembert, philosophe and contributor to the Encyclopédie.

Although philosophe is a French word, the Enlightenment was distinctly cosmopolitan ; philosophes could be found from Philadelphia to St. Petersburg.

His father was a prominent journalist and popular opponent of the philosophe and encyclopedist, his most notable opponent being Voltaire ( who openly considered Elie his enemy ), and it is surmised that his father's history of conflict with the state over freedom of the press heavily influenced Louis Fréron's political views.

His paradoxical character was described in an epigram attributed to Antoine de Rivarol, " abbé libertin, militaire philosophe, diplomate chansonnier, émigré patriote, républicain courtisan.

The young Cloots, heir to a great fortune, was sent to Paris at age eleven to complete his education, and became attracted to the theories of his uncle the abbé Cornelius de Pauw ( 1739 – 1799 ), philosophe, geographer and diplomat at the court of Frederick II of Prussia.

Senancour was tinged to some extent with the older philosophe form of free-thinking, and had no sympathy with the Catholic reaction.

He advocates for an anarchism in line with such intellectuals as " Orwell, la philosophe Simone Weil, Jean Grenier, la French Theory avec Foucault, Deleuze, Bourdieu, Guattari, Lyotard, le Derrida de Politiques de l ' amitié et du Droit à la philosophie, mais aussi Mai 68 " which for him was " a Nietzschean revolt in order to put an end to the " One " truth, revealed, and to put in evidence the diversity of truths, in order to make disappear ascetic Christian ideas and to help arise new possibilities of existence ".

Edwards was characterized by Michael Wreen as " mixed one part analytic philosopher to one part philosophe " with " a deep respect for science and common sense.

Louis Claude de Saint-Martin ( January 18, 1743 – 14 October 1803 ) was a French philosopher, known as le philosophe inconnu, the name under which his works were published.

He advocates for an anarchism in line with such intellectuals as " Orwell, la philosophe Simone Weil, Jean Grenier, la French Theory avec Foucault, Deleuze, Bourdieu, Guattari, Lyotard, le Derrida de Politiques de l ' amitié et du Droit à la philosophie, mais aussi Mai 68 " which for him was " a Nietzschean revolt in order to put an end to the ' One ' truth, revealed, and to put in evidence the diversity of truths, in order to make disappear ascetic Christian ideas and to help arise new possibilities of existence.

Among those accused of atheism was Denis Diderot ( 1713 – 1784 ), one of the Enlightenment's most prominent philosophes, and editor-in-chief of the Encyclopédie, which sought to challenge religious, particularly Catholic, dogma: " Reason is to the estimation of the philosophe what grace is to the Christian ", he wrote.