The Act of Settlement is an act of the Parliament of England that was passed in 1701 to settle the succession to the English and Irish crowns and thrones on the Electress Sophia of Hanover ( a granddaughter of James I ) and her Protestant heirs.

The death of Karl ( 8 September 1781 ) make him the next in line to the Electorate as Crown Prince ( de: Kronprinz ); this was because all the pregnancies of the Electress Amalie, except for one daughter, ended in a stillbirth.

Joachim ( 1505 – 1571 ), the future elector of Brandenburg, was the eldest son and heir of their current claimant of Luxembourg, Joachim I, Elector of Brandenburg ( 1484 – 1535 ), the eldest son and heir of the late Margaret of Thuringia ( 1449 – 1501 ), Dowager Electress of Brandenburg, herself the eldest daughter and heiress of Anna, Duchess of Luxembourg and William of Saxony, Landgrave of Thuringia.

Sophia of the Palatinate ( commonly referred to as Sophia of Hanover ; 14 October 1630 – 8 June 1714 ) was the Electress of Hanover from 1692 to 1698.

Sophia as dowager Electress of Hanover, around the time she was proclaimed heiress presumptive of the British crown.

Because Frederick Christian's eldest son was a minor, his brother Franz Xavier and the Dowager Electress Maria Antonia took the joint regency of the Electorate until the boy's majority.

The queen was the daughter of Dowager Electress Sophia of Hanover, and the sister of George, Elector of Hanover.

He was the heir apparent of his father's Electorate of Hanover and third-in-line to the British throne of his distant cousin Queen Anne, after his grandmother Dowager Electress Sophia and his father the Elector.

The succession of her husband's family to the British throne was still insecure, as Queen Anne's half-brother James Stuart contested the Hanoverian claim, and Queen Anne and Caroline's grandmother-in-law Dowager Electress Sophia had fallen out.

His sister Electress Sophia was the mother of George I of Great Britain.

Elizabeth Stuart ( 19 August 1596 – 13 February 1662 ) was, as the wife of Frederick V, Elector Palatine, Electress Palatine and briefly Queen of Bohemia.

After his son was deposed in 1522, John's bloodline returned to the Danish and Norwegian thrones in the person of Christian IV of Denmark, the great-great-grandson of his daughter, Electress Elisabeth.

Ironically the edict was withdrawn a few months later, although by this time his patroness, Electress Louisa Henrietta had died and so he was still without a position.

The Act for the Naturalization of the Most Excellent Princess Sophia, Electress and Duchess Dowager of Hanover, and the Issue of her Body was an Act of the Parliament of England ( 4 & 5 Ann.

However, any Protestant descendant of the Electress who had already been born when the repealing statute was enacted had already automatically acquired the status of a British subject, and so there are still people alive today who can claim British nationality under the Sophia Naturalization Act.

Agostino Steffani, a polymath, was sponsored by the Electress from his arrival in Düsseldorf, in 1703, until her return to Tuscany ; the Conservatorio library in Florence houses two editions of his chamber duets.

By 1722, the Electress was not even acknowledged as heiress, and Cosimo was reduced to a spectator at the conferences for Tuscany's future.

Consequently, the Electress was compelled to abandon her apartment in the left wing of the royal palace, the Pitti, for the Villa La Quiete.

His ruinous behaviour was relayed to Florence by the Electress Palatine.

He was, however, appointed joint-guardian of the Infante with Dorothea Sophia of the Rhine, Dowager Duchess of Parma and the Electress Palatine's sister-in-law.

He took part in the subsequent successful siege of Wittenberg defended by the Electress, Sybille, following which Alba presided at the court-martial which tried the Prince-Elector and condemned him to death as a rebel against the Emperor, wringing from him the Capitulation of Wittenberg ( 1547 ), in which he was compelled to resign the electoral dignity and a great part of his territory to his cousin Maurice.

Electress Charlotte became Queen when her husband formally ascended the throne on 1 January 1806 and was crowned as such on the same day at Stuttgart, Germany.

The Dowager Queen Constance was anxious for her son's life and she escaped with King Ladislaus to the court of Leopold VI, Duke of Austria.

Guangxu Emperor and the reformists then launched a more comprehensive reform effort, the Hundred Day's Reform ( 1898 ), but it was shortly overturned by the conservatives under Empress Dowager Cixi in a military coup.

Despite this, she was acknowledged only as Dowager Princess of Wales by Henry.

Lady Yehenara, otherwise known as Dowager Empress Cixi, was arguably one of the most successful concubines in China ’ s history.

Elizabeth was baptised on 10 September ; Archbishop Thomas Cranmer, the Marquess of Exeter, the Duchess of Norfolk and the Dowager Marchioness of Dorset stood as her four godparents.

The Dowager Lady Brabourne, his elder daughter's 83-year-old mother-in-law, was seriously injured in the explosion and died from her injuries the following day.

His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Junshi ( also called the Gojō empress 五条后 ), daughter of the minister of the left, Fujiwara Fuyutsugu.

His mother was Empress Dowager Fujiwara no Akirakeiko ( 明子 ), also called the Somedono empress 染殿后 ).

In his memory, the Dowager Queen Maria arranged to establish a King's chapel at the accident place, which was consecrated one year later.

Lord Peter's was born the second of the three children of Mortimer Wimsey, 15th Duke of Denver, and Honoria Lucasta Delagardie, who lives on throughout the novels as the Dowager Duchess of Denver.

She was baptized into the Lutheran faith and named after her kinswoman Marie Sophie Fredrica of Hesse-Kassel, Queen Dowager of Denmark as well as the medieval Danish queen, Dagmar of Bohemia.

This was not surprising as Maria was merely a deposed Dowager Empress while her older sister was a popular Dowager Queen.

In 1018, his daughter Ishi became Empress ( Chūgū ) of Emperor Go-Ichijō, Kenshi became Empress Dowager ( Kōtaigō ), and Shōshi was Grand Empress Dowager ( Tai-Kōtaigō ).

Catherine was demoted to Dowager Princess of Wales ( a title she would have held as the widow of Arthur ), and Mary was deemed illegitimate.

It was enlarged and extended by Augusta, Dowager Princess of Wales, the widow of Frederick, Prince of Wales, for whom Sir William Chambers built several garden structures.

The following month, however, the Empress was invited by the Dowager Queen Adeliza to land at Arundel instead, and on 30 September Robert of Gloucester and the Empress arrived in England with 140 knights.

Over and above that, however, was his growing suspicion of Chuck Stober's part in recent events.

Thus, to cite but one example, the Pax Britannica of the nineteenth century, whether with the British navy ruling the seas or with the City of London ruling world finance, was strictly national in motivation, however much other nations ( e.g., the United States ) may have incidentally benefited.

His purpose, however, was not to establish an empire, but to assert the principle of divine justice.

Henrietta, however, was at that time engaged in a lengthy correspondence with Joe's older and more serious brother, Morris, who was just about her own age and whom she had got to know well during trips to Philadelphia with Papa, when he substituted for Rabbi Jastrow at Rodeph Shalom Temple there during its Rabbi's absence in Europe.

I fled, however, not from what might have been the natural fear of being unable to disguise from you that the things about my bridegroom -- in the sense you meant the word `` things '' -- which you had been galvanizing yourself to tell me as a painful part of your maternal duty were things which I had already insisted upon finding out for myself ( despite, I may now say, the unspeakable awkwardness of making the discovery on principle, yes, on principle, and in cold blood ) because I was resolved, as a modern woman, not to be a mollycoddle waiting for Life but to seize Life by the throat.

There was one time, however, when his face clouded and he suddenly blurted, `` Why did my brother commit suicide ''??

The special guard, however, was still posted on Kehl bridge.

One of Sherman's most serious shortcomings, however, was his mistrust of his cavalry.

Gorton appeared for her, however, and what he told the magistrates must have been plenty, for he was charged with deluding the court, fined, and told to leave the colony within fourteen days.

What is not so well known, however, and what is quite important for understanding the issues of this early quarrel, is the kind of attack on literature that Sidney was answering.

In his dealings with offenders, however, Morgan was typically firm but just.

Without a precise knowledge of Germanic philology, however, it is debatable whether their use was not more often a source of confusion and error than anything else.

They, however much they were in disagreement with the late Victorians over the method by which Britain was Germanized, agreed with them that the end result was the complete extinction of the previous Celtic population and civilization.

It would, however, reach the proctors and other officers in charge of the public-school performances of the incepting bachelors, and the place that any individual obtained in the lists depended greatly on how he comported himself in the public schools during his acts therein as he was incepting.

According to one report, however, Mr. Hammarskjold was considered `` too controversial '' a figure to warrant bestowal of the coveted honor last spring.

Joel knew what he was about, however.

He would have to work without questioning the motives which made him work and content himself with the thought that the eventual victory, however it was brought about, would be sweet indeed.

Now, under the impact of his wife's disclosures, he was brought suddenly to the realization that there was a limit to tolerance, however brilliant, however far-famed the offender might be.

There was little enough time to contemplate them, however ; ;

In such a case, however, we would encourage the recipient country to get on with its programing task, supply it with substantial technical assistance in performing that task, and make it plain that an expansion or even a continuation of our assistance to the country's development was conditional upon programing progress being made.