In a region marked by cultural, linguistic, and religious diversity, a succession of Italian governors maintained a notable degree of unity and public order.

The party thus advocated collaboration between social classes and was basically a catch-all party which aimed to represent all Italian Catholics, both right-wing and left-wing, under the principle of the " political unity of Catholics " against socialism and communism.

On 30 March 1815, Joachim Murat launched his proclamation to the Italian people from Rimini, inciting them to unity and independence.

Of true Italian unity he had no expectation and no desire, but he was devoted to the house of Savoy, which he foresaw was destined to change the fate of Italy.

Around the middle of the 16th century, some Italian critics such as Gian Giorgio Trissino complained that the poem failed to observe the unity of action as defined by Aristotle, by having multiple plots rather than a single main story.

The French poet Pierre de Ronsard and the Italian poet Torquato Tasso both felt that Orlando Furioso lacked structural unity.

The President is intended to represent national unity and guarantee that Italian politics complies with the Constitution.

The idea of unity among Ladin, Romansh and Friulan comes from the Italian historical linguist Graziadio Isaia Ascoli, who was born in Gorizia.

Following the presentation of the award to the Italian Prime Minister Alcide de Gasperi in 1952, the International Charlemagne Prize of the City of Aachen has repeatedly sent messages going far beyond Germany and promoting the " unity of Europe ".

Napolitano, elected in 2006 as President of the Italian Republic, wrote in his 2005 political autobiography that he regretted his justification of Soviet action in Hungary, and that at the time he believed in Party unity and the international leadership of Soviet communism.

Even Verdi's name was a synonym for Italian unity because " Verdi " could be read as an acronym for Vittorio Emanuele Re d ' Italia, Victor Emanuel King of Italy, the Savoy monarch who eventually became Victor Emanuel II, the first king of united Italy.

This was most obvious in the 19th century through the works of Giuseppe Verdi, an icon of Italian culture and pan-Italian unity.

It placed itself strongly in the left-wing of Italian politics, often working for the unity of all the parties of the Italian left ( thus proposing the adoption of an American-style electoral system based on first-past-the-post voting and the transformation of Italian institutions toward a presidential system ), but also often being rejected by certain areas of the left itself, especially those linked with the Italian Communist Party, due to the Radicals ' strong belief in libertarian policies, both socially and economically speaking.

The papal palace, and the adjoining Villa Barberini that was added to the complex by Pius XI have enjoyed extraterritorial rights since the signature of the 1929 treaty with Italy ; the little piazza directly in front was renamed Piazza della Libertà in the first flush of Italian unity after 1870.

During the 19th century, the bundle of rods, in Latin called fasces and in Italian fascio, came to symbolize strength through unity, the point being that whilst each independent rod was fragile, as a bundle they were strong.

From 1848 until the completion of Italian unity in 1870, his whole activity was devoted to the Risorgimento, as Garibaldian officer, political refugee, anti-Austrian conspirator and deputy to parliament.

Cairoli was one of the most conspicuous representatives of that type of Italian public men who, having conspired and fought for a generation in the cause of national unity, were despite their valour little fitted for the responsible parliamentary and official positions they subsequently attained ; and who by their ignorance of foreign affairs and of internal administration unwittingly impeded the political development of their country.

He was already in favour of Italian unity, and though not anxious for annexation to Piedmont ( he would have preferred to invoke French aid ), he gave way to the will of the majority, and resigned his powers to the Piedmontese commissioners on 7 August.

He fought under Garibaldi in 1848, and served as a volunteer in the war of 1859 ; his enthusiasm for Italian unity was actively shown again in 1870, when he was the first to mount the breach in the assault of Rome near the Porta Pia.

Before the Italian fascists adopted the fasces, the symbol had been used by Italian political organizations of various political ideologies ( ranging from socialist to nationalist ), called Fascio (" leagues ") as a symbol of strength through unity.

An entire theater had been set up for his diversion, with a 200-man Italian orchestra under the well-known Sarti.

Thirteen Italian airmen who went to the Congo to serve the cause of peace under the United Nations banner have instead met violent death at the hands of Congolese troops supposedly their friends.

Quintilian seems to refer to this work under Anaximenes ' name in Institutio Oratoria 3. 4. 9, as the Italian Renaissance philologist Piero Vettori first recognized.

* 1509 – Pope Julius II places the Italian state of Venice under interdict.

Many police officers or responsible authorities present in Genoa during the G8 summit, are currently under investigation by the Italian judges, and some of them resigned.

The sport is also very popular on the eastern side of the Adriatic, especially in Slovenia ( where it is known as balinanje or colloquial playing boče or bale from Italian bocce or palle meaning balls ), Croatia, Montenegro and Bosnia and Hercegovina ( in Serbo-Croatian known under the name of boćanje or simply playing boće ( colloquial also bućanje or playing balote ), originating in Italian boccie ).

In 2000, an excavation focusing on ancient ruins on Nelson's Island under Italian archaeologist Paolo Gallo uncovered a number of graves that date from the battle, as well as others buried there during the 1801 invasion.

One brigade under General Albertone was made up of Eritrean askari led by Italian officers.

The remaining three brigades were Italian units under Brigadiers Dabormida, Ellena and Arimondi.

Menelik watched as Gojjam forces under the command of Tekle Haymonot made quick work of the last intact Italian brigade.

" The 3, 000 Italian prisoners, who included General Albertone, appear to have been treated as well as could be expected under difficult circumstances, though about 200 died of their wounds in captivity.

The Dominican Republic's small Catalina Island has been studied since 13 December 2007, by a team of underwater archaeologists from Indiana University, after an Italian tourist announced the discovery of an old wreck at just under the clear blue waters, at a distance of no more than offshore.

* Paper on " Corrado Gini and Italian Statistics under Fascism " by Giovanni Favero June 2002

Catharism disappeared from the northern Italian cities after the 1260s, under pressure from the Inquisition.

* Italian mainly has the acute and the grave ( à, è / é, ì, ò / ó, ù ), typically to indicate a stressed syllable that would not be stressed under the normal rules of pronunciation but sometimes also to distinguish between words that are otherwise spelled the same way ( e. g. " e ", and ; " è ", is ).

* 1940 – World War II: Operation Compass – British and Indian troops under the command of Major-General Richard O ' Connor attack Italian forces near Sidi Barrani in Egypt.

Eritrea was placed under British military administration after the Italian surrender in World War II.

British forces defeated the Italian army in Eritrea in 1941 at the Battle of Keren and placed the colony under British military administration until Allied forces could determine its fate.

The Soviet Union, anticipating a communist victory in the Italian polls, initially supported returning Eritrea to Italy under trusteeship or as a colony.

In time, Albania began to feel that the treaty was heavily slanted towards Yugoslav interests, much like the Italian agreements with Albania under Zog that made the nation dependent upon Italy.

In 1964, a team of Italian archaeologists under the direction of Paolo Matthiae of the University of Rome La Sapienza performed a series of excavations of material from the third-millennium BCE city of Ebla.

Modern fencing originated in the 18th century, in the Italian school of fencing of the Renaissance, and, under their influence, was improved by the French school of fencing.

Health and welfare spending grew dramatically under Italian fascism, with welfare rising from 7 % of the budget in 1930 to 20 % in 1940.

La Guardia served in the U. S. consulate in Rijeka during the period before World War I when the city was under Austro-Hungarian rule and was known under its Italian name Fiume.