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Iturbide and did
However, Iturbide did not approve as it restricted the power of the landed elite.
Just as Napoleon did, Iturbide placed the crown upon his own head.
Porfirio Díaz in the late 19th century would impose one-man rule more successfully than either Iturbide or Santa Anna ever did.
Notice however that Guerrero did not seem to identify himself with any of the previous ethnicities and colonial castes, as he quitted his American Spaniard status during the Mexican Independence War declaring himself only an " Americano ", as he also called the former Colonel of the Royalist Army and subsequent ally Agustín de Iturbide ( in turn a Criollo ).
The situation did not normalize until 1821, when Agustin de Iturbide launched a drive for Mexican Independence.

Iturbide and same
To that end, the viceroy chose General Agustín de Iturbide to represent the cabal, at the same time freeing him from a court case involving accusations of misbehavior at El Bajío.
At the same time, O ' Donojú, as captain general and jefe político superior, had no authority to sign such a treaty, but was interested in preserving Mexico for the Spanish royal family, and probably signed without considering that Iturbide might have designs on the crown.

Iturbide and congress
The newly-formed Mexican congress eventually declared Iturbide emperor of Mexico on May 19, 1822.
But in 1823, a revolution in Mexico ousted Emperor Agustín de Iturbide, and a new Mexican congress voted to allow the Central American provinces to decide their own fate.
In the meantime, the governing junta that Iturbide headed convened a constituent congress to set up the new government.
After Iturbide accepted the crowd's offer of the throne, he went to the congress the next day to have his appointment confirmed.
To combat the resistance, Iturbide closed down the congress on 31 October 1822, and created a new junta to legislate in its place, answering only to him.
Iturbide sent word to congress in Mexico City on 13 February 1824 offering his services in the event of Spanish attack.
An interesting fact is that this constitution would influence political thought on both sides of the Mexican political spectrum, with even Iturbide bending to it when he created the first congress of an independent Mexico.
Iturbide, a former royalist who had become the paladin for Mexican independence, included a special clause in the treaty that left open the possibility for a criollo monarch to be appointed by a Mexican congress if no suitable member of the European royalty would accept the Mexican crown.
The following day, the congress declared Iturbide emperor of Mexico.

Iturbide and March
However, on March 19, 1823 Iturbide abdicated.
* March 19 – Agustin de Iturbide, Emperor of Mexico, abdicates thus ending the short-lived First Mexican Empire.
Iturbide was forced to reestablish the Congress and in a vain attempt to save the order and keep the situation favorable to his supporters, he abdicated the crown of the Empire on March 19, 1823.
On 1 March 1821, Iturbide was proclaimed head of the Army of the Three Guarantees.
Don Agustín de Iturbide y Green, Prince of Iturbide ( 2 April 1863, Mexico City, Mexico – 3 March 1925, Washington, D. C .) was the grandson of Agustín de Iturbide, the first emperor of independent Mexico, and his consort Empress Ana María.
Iturbide was forced to re-establish the Congress and in a vain attempt to save the order and keep a favorable situation for his supporters, he abdicated to the crown of the Empire on 19 March 1823.
On 26 March 1823, it was determined that Iturbide would have to leave the country with his family.
The First Mexican Empire lasted eighteen months, from 28 September 1821 to 19 March 1823 and had one emperor, Agustín de Iturbide.
The First Mexican Empire was short-lived, lasting only eight months, from July 21, 1822 to March 19, 1823, and was ruled by only one emperor, Agustín de Iturbide, also known as Agustín I of Mexico.
Agustín de Iturbide was isolated without more support than Mexico City and some fractions of the army ; consequently, he installed the dissolved constituent Congress again, abdicated the crown and fled the country in March 1823.
On 2 March 1821, under the influence of Agustín de Iturbide, whom he knew and respected, he swore allegiance to independent Mexico.

Iturbide and 1823
Honduras later joined the Mexican Empire of Agustin de Iturbide, a fact which lasted until the formation of the Federal Republic of Central America in 1823.
Recognizing the danger of such an invitation, in early spring 1823 Santa Anna responded with his Plan de Casa Mata, which called for Iturbide to abdicate the throne, for the end of the empire, and for the formation of a republic governed by a written constitution.
* House of Iturbide ( 1822 – 1823 )
Earlier, Guatemala had been a state within the United Provinces of Central America since 1823, before that part of the First Mexican Empire under Agustín de Iturbide, and before 1821 ruled by the Captain General of Guatemala, a Spanish colonial official owing allegiance to the Viceroy of New Spain and the King of Spain, back to the Spanish conquest of the region in the early 16th century.
On 7 April 1823, Congress nullified the designation of Iturbide as Emperor ( and therefore the recognition of his abdication ) and made it seem as if the coronation of Iturbide was a logical mistake in the establishment of Independence.
In the spring of 1823, Iturbide offered his abdication, which was accepted by his political opponents and then left the country for Europe.
In December 1822, Antonio López de Santa Anna and Guadalupe Victoria signed the Plan de Casa Mata on February 1, 1823, as a start of their efforts to overthrow Emperor Agustín de Iturbide.
On 11 February 1823, when he was then in charge of the plaza of Puebla, he pronounced against the empire of Agustín de Iturbide ( the Plan de Casa Mata ).
He served as Undersecretary of Foreign Affairs under Emperor Agustín de Iturbide from 1822 to 1823.
Under the junta that governed Mexico after the fall of Iturbide, Alamán served from 1823 to 1825 in the powerful post of Minister of Interior and Exterior Relations ( Ministro de Relaciones Interiores e Exteriores ; the United States equivalent of this posting would encompass the combined functions of Secretary of State, Secretary of the Interior, and Attorney General ).

Iturbide and abdication
However, the Congress nullified the designation of Iturbide and therefore the recognition of the abdication and made the coronation of Iturbide seem a logical mistake in consummation of Independence.
After the abdication of Agustin de Iturbide, the Mexican Empire was dissolved and there was established a Supreme Executive Power formed by a triumvirate whose members were Generals Pedro Celestino Negrete, Nicolás Bravo and Guadalupe Victoria, whose substitutes were Jose Mariano Michelena, Vicente Guerrero and Miguel Dominguez.

Iturbide and body
Agustín de Iturbide body in Mexico City Metropolitan Cathedral.
When Agustín de Iturbide was crowned emperor, he took up arms in opposition and formed a governing body in Oaxaca.

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