In the 1990s, Jürgen Schmidhuber described an algorithmic theory of beauty which takes the subjectivity of the observer into account and postulates: among several observations classified as comparable by a given subjective observer, the aesthetically most pleasing one is the one with the shortest description, given the observer ’ s previous knowledge and his particular method for encoding the data.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber Work on Gödel Machines: Self-Referential Universal Problem Solvers Making Provably Optimal Self-Improvements

* Jürgen Schmidhuber: Papers on algorithmic theories of everything and the Anthropic Principle's lack of predictive power.

Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 2000 ) constructed a limit-computable " Super Omega " which in a sense is much more random than the original limit-computable Omega, as one cannot significantly compress the Super Omega by any enumerating non-halting algorithm.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 2000 ).

* Limit-computable Super Omega more random than Omega and generalizations of algorithmic information, by Jürgen Schmidhuber

Edward Fredkin ( 1980s ), Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 1990s ), Stephen Wolfram ( A New Kind of Science ) and others have expanded on it.

Jürgen Schmidhuber, however, says the " set of mathematical structures " is not even well-defined, and admits only universe representations describable by constructive mathematics, that is, computer programs.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber, " The ensemble of universes describable by constructive mathematics.

Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 1997 ) has argued against this view ; he points out that Gödel's theorems are irrelevant for computable physics.

* Schmidhuber, Jürgen ( 2010 ).

Traditional Turing machines cannot edit their previous outputs ; generalized Turing machines, as defined by Jürgen Schmidhuber, can.

* Time line of greatest breakthroughs in manned flight by Jürgen Schmidhuber, Nature 421, 689, 2003

* Computer history's stride towards an expected Omega Point by Jürgen Schmidhuber, from " The New AI: General & Sound & Relevant for Physics, In B. Goertzel and C. Pennachin, eds.

Jürgen Schmidhuber ( born 17 January 1963 in Munich ) is a computer scientist and artist known for his work on machine learning, universal Artificial Intelligence ( AI ), artificial neural networks, digital physics, and low-complexity art.

de: Jürgen Schmidhuber

Low-Complexity Art was introduced by Jürgen Schmidhuber in 1997.

A computational universe is proposed by Jürgen Schmidhuber in a paper based on Konrad Zuse's assumption ( 1967 ) that the history of the universe is computable.

Jürgen Schmidhuber modifies error back propagation algorithm to change neural network weights in order to decrease the mismatch between anticipated states and states actually experienced in the future ( Schmidhuber-Adaptive curiosity and adaptive confidence, 1991 ).

Various methods for doing so were developed in the 1980s and early 1990s by Paul Werbos, Ronald J. Williams, Tony Robinson, Jürgen Schmidhuber,

# redirect Jürgen Schmidhuber

* Jürgen Schmidhuber ( 1997 ) " A Computer Scientist's View of Life, the Universe, and Everything " in C. Freksa, ed., Foundations of Computer Science: Potential-Theory-Cognition.

* Jürgen Schmidhuber " The ensemble of universes describable by constructive mathematics.

Jürgen Habermas argues, in his On the Logic of the Social Sciences ( 1967 ), that " the positivist thesis of unified science, which assimilates all the sciences to a natural-scientific model, fails because of the intimate relationship between the social sciences and history, and the fact that they are based on a situation-specific understanding of meaning that can be explicated only hermeneutically ... access to a symbolically prestructured reality cannot be gained by observation alone.

Jürgen Habermas argues, in his On the Logic of the Social Sciences ( 1967 ), that " the positivist thesis of unified science, which assimilates all the sciences to a natural-scientific model, fails because of the intimate relationship between the social sciences and history, and the fact that they are based on a situation-specific understanding of meaning that can be explicated only hermeneutically ... access to a symbolically prestructured reality cannot be gained by observation alone.

Although he was initially part of the School's inner circle, Jürgen Habermas is generally considered as the first to have diverged from Horkheimer's research program, thus giving rise to a new generation of critical theorists.

Although it is often claimed that Miła 18 was the last shelter in the Ghetto to fall, this was not the case ( according to Jürgen Stroop, his men took 30 " bunkers " on 12 May alone ).

This negative view of Papyrus Ebers is exemplified in a statement by Professor Jürgen von Beckerath who is of the opinion that " The calendar on the verso of the Ebers Medical Papyrus is by now so disputed that we must ask ourselves whether we really possess a sure basis for the chronology of this period of Egyptian history which is, after all, of the greatest importance for fixing the sequence of historical events, as well as for neighbouring countries ".

Under the new process, Jupiter V continued as Amalthea, Jupiter XIII was named Leda in accordance with a suggestion of Kowal's, and all previous proposals for the seven satellites VI-XII were abandoned in favor of new names, in accordance with a scheme suggested by the German philologist Jürgen Blunck.

During 1990 and 1991 John F. Stanton, Jürgen Gauss, and John D. Watts, all of them at that time postdoctoral researchers in the Bartlett group, supported by a few students, wrote the backbone of what is now known as the ACES II program package.

Jürgen von Beckerath argued in a GM 136 ( 1993 ) article that the inscription recorded both the official coronation of Shebitku and the very first appearance of the king himself in Egypt after comparing this inscription with Nile Level Text No. 30 from Year 2 of Shebitku when Shabaka conquered all of Egypt.

* the Ehlers vacua ( Jürgen Ehlers ) ( the family of all cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions ),

Jürgen Habermas has argued that to understand rationalization properly requires going beyond Weber's notion of rationalization and distinguishing between instrumental rationality, which involves calculation and efficiency ( in other words, reducing all relationships to those of means and ends ), and communicative rationality, which involves expanding the scope of mutual understanding in communication, the ability to expand this understanding through reflective discourse about communication, and making social and political life subject to this expanded understanding.

Eligibility was ensured in all regional counties, and pastor Jürgen Klute of Herne was the leading candidate of a 40-person-ticket.

In his preface to Jürgen Osterhammel's Colonialism: A Theoretical Overview, Roger Tignor says, " For Osterhammel, the essence of colonialism is the existence of colonies, which are by definition governed differently from other territories such as protectorates or informal spheres of influence.

To use an epistemological distinction introduced by Jürgen Habermas in Erkenntnis und Interesse ( Knowledge and Human Interests ), critical theory in literary studies is ultimately a form of hermeneutics, i. e. knowledge via interpretation to understand the meaning of human texts and symbolic expressions — including the interpretation of texts which are themselves implicitly or explicitly the interpretation of other texts.

Some lines are taken from the movie Das Boot, spoken by Jürgen Prochnow, and are even delivered using the very same intonation.

Outside Latin America, some of liberation theology's most ardent advocates are Protestant thinkers ( e. g., Jürgen Moltmann and Frederick Herzog.

Current members of the Supervisory Board of Daimler AG are: Heinrich Flegel, Juergen Hambrecht, Thomas Klebe, Erich Klemm, Arnaud Lagardère, Jürgen Langer, Helmut Lense, Sari Baldauf, William Owens, Ansgar Osseforth, Valter Sanches, Manfred Schneider, Stefan Schwaab, Bernhard Walter, Lynton Wilson, Mark Wössner, Manfred Bischoff, Clemens Börsig and Uwe Werner.

Some notable German descendants in Chile are: Air Force General Commander Fernando Matthei Aubel, architect Mathias Klotz, tennis player Hans Gildemeister, female athlete Marlene Ahrens, Police General Commander Rodolfo Stange Ölckers, Musician Patricio Manns, Army Commanders in Chief Lieutenant General René Schneider and Division Generals Emil Körner, Economist Rolf Lüders, politicians Carlos Kuschel, Rolf Lüders Schwarzenberg, Miguel Kast and Evelyn Matthei, businessmen Horst Paulmann, Jürgen Paulmann, Werner Grob, Carlos Heller ; TV presenters Karen Doggenweiler, Margot Kahl, Pamela Hodar, Michael Müller, writer César Müller ( aka Oreste Plath ), actresses Gloria Münchmeyer, Aline Küppenheim, actor Bastián Bodenhöfer, painter Rossy Ölckers, and publisher and orders collector Norberto Traub.

The Germans Jürgen Hocker and Wolfgang Heisig are the current live performers of Nancarrow's rolls using similar acoustic instruments.

It is worth noting that for many contemporary political philosophers, the rigidity of a particular set of norms, rules, or fixed boundaries about either the way that subjects who would qualify for deliberation are constituted ( a position perhaps epitomized by John Rawls ) or regarding the kinds of argument which qualify as deliberation ( a position perhaps epitomized by Jürgen Habermas ) constitute a foreclosure of deliberation, making it impossible.

Two tableaus are at the plaza entrance of the Kennedy Center by German sculptor Jürgen Weber.

Most contemporary conceptualizations of the public sphere are based on the ideas expressed in Jürgen Habermas ' book The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere – An Inquiry into a Category of Bourgeois Society, which is a translation of his Habilitationsschrift " Strukturwandel der Öffentlicheit: Untersuchungen zu einer Kategorie der bürgerlichen Gesellschaft ".

Some of the most famous University of Frankfurt scholars are associated with this school, including Theodor Adorno, Max Horkheimer, and Jürgen Habermas, as well as Herbert Marcuse, Erich Fromm, and Walter Benjamin.

Among his students are Kazuhisa Akita, Jolyon Brettingham-Smith, In-Chan Choe, Raymond Deane, Francisco F. Feliciano, Masanori Fujita, Keith Gifford, Holger Groschopp, Toshio Hosokawa, Sukhi Kang, Chung-Gil Kim, Wolfgang Klingt, Erwin Koch-Raphael, Isao Matsushita, Masahiro Miwa, Hwang-Long Pan, Martin Christoph Redel, Byong-Dong Paik, Bernfried Pröve, Christos Samaras, Takehito Shimazu, Minako Tanahashi, Masaru Tanaka, Michael Travlos, Jürgen Voigt.

Jürgen Habermas and Pierre Bourdieu are two more recent theorists who have put microsociological concepts to good use in their works.

Some works of Jürgen Habermas are also connected with this subfield.

Jürgen Alzen and his younger brother Uwe Alzen are driving also at the Nürburgring Nordschleife VLN Endurance racing series and 24 Hours Nürburgring, in their privately built Porsche 996 GT2 Turbo 4WD.

Jürgen Habermas, Hans-Hermann Hoppe and related philosophers point out that statements spoken during justificatory argumentation carry additional presuppositions and so certain statements are performative contradictions in this context.

ZEI ’ s directors are Prof. Dr. Ludger Kühnhardt ( executive director ), Prof. Dr. Christian Koenig and Prof. Dr. Jürgen von Hagen.

German philosophers Jürgen Habermas and Karl-Otto Apel are considered the originators of modern discourse ethics.

Among the contributors to the work are other Holocaust deniers such as Robert Faurisson, Jürgen Graf, Carlo Mattogno, Udo Walendy and Friedrich Paul Berg.