Category: Jewish refugees

11, 000 people of German ancestry were interned, as were 3, 000 people of Italian ancestry, along with some Jewish refugees.

The Jewish refugees who were interned came from Germany, and the U. S. government didn't differentiate between ethnic Jews and ethnic Germans ( Jewish was defined as religious practice ).

Jewish refugees arrived in secret by sea, or, to a lesser extent, overland through Syria.

Some 1, 200 Jewish residents and refugees from other Balkan countries were hidden by Albanian families during World War II, according to official records.

Both his parents were born in Berlin but came to Great Britain in the 1930s as refugees from the Nazis because his father was Jewish.

Whilst in Vienna, working to aid refugees from Nazi Germany, Philby met and fell in love with Litzi Friedmann ( born Alice Kohlmann ), a young Austrian Communist of Hungarian Jewish origins.

After the return of Jewish refugees from their exile in Babylon, some argue that the Torah was central to Jewish life at home and abroad.

Some of these agents included exiled communists and Socialist party members, labor activists, anti-Nazi prisoners-of-war, and German and Jewish refugees.

Roncalli used this office to help the Jewish underground in saving thousands of refugees in Europe, leading some to consider him to be a Righteous Gentile ( see Pope John XXIII and Judaism ).

As nuncio, Roncalli made various efforts during the Holocaust to save refugees, mostly Jewish people, from the Nazis.

* Jewish refugees who arrived in Istanbul and were assisted in going on to Palestine or other destinations

* Jewish refugees whose names were included on a list submitted by Rabbi Markus of Istanbul to Nuncio Roncalli.

The IRWF has carried out exhaustive historical research related to different events connected with interventions of Nuncio Roncalli in favour of Jewish refugees during the Holocaust.

In the 1930s, some 30, 000 Jewish refugees from Europe arrived in the city.

* 1942 – World War II: Swiss Police Instruction of September 25, 1942 – this instruction denied entry into Switzerland to Jewish refugees.

It also provided relief to Jewish and Arab Palestine refugees inside the state of Israel following the 1948 conflict until the Israeli government took over responsibility for Jewish refugees in 1952.

Under King's administration, the Canadian government, responding to strong public opinion, especially in Quebec, refused to expand immigration opportunities for Jewish refugees from Europe.

In June 1939 Canada, along with Cuba and the United States, refused to allow entry for the 900 Jewish refugees aboard the passenger ship.

Rather than from a first-hand study of Jewish people, his delineation of Shylock stems from a collection of Italian stories, Il Pecorone, published in 1558, although written almost two centuries earlier.

He could learn at second hand from books, but could not thus capture the real Jewish spirit.

Young Morris, who, while attending the University of Pennsylvania, also taught and edited a paper, found time to write Henrietta twenty-page letters on everything that engaged his interest, from the acting of Sarah Bernhardt in Philadelphia to his reactions to the comments of `` Sulamith '' on the Jewish reform movement being promulgated by the Hebrew Union College in Cincinnati.

This is not to deny the existence of pogroms and ghettos, but only to assert that these horrors have had an effect on the nerves of people who did not experience them, that among the various side effects is the local hysteria of Jewish writers and intellectuals who cry out from confusion, which they call oppression and pain.

Should not everyone have been awakened to it as an outstanding fact of our time that the nations poisoned by anti-Semitism proved less fortunate in regard to their own freedom than those whose citizens saved their Jewish compatriots from the transports??

Though there was an occasional good-natured chuckle about Marvin Goulding, the Jewish officer from Chicago, singing tearfully about the ould sod, no one really thought it was strange.

What is noteworthy about this large group of teen-agers is that, although their attitudes hardly differentiate them from their gentile counterparts, they actually lead their lives in a vast self-enclosed Jewish cosmos with relatively little contact with the non-Jewish world.

Musical composition embodying angst as a primary theme have primarily come from European Jewish composers such as Gustav Mahler and Alban Berg, written during the period of great persecution of the Jewish people shortly before and during the period of Nazi activity in Europe.

Antisemitism may be manifested in many ways, ranging from expressions of hatred of or discrimination against individual Jews to organized violent attacks by mobs, state police, or even military attacks on entire Jewish communities.

Extreme instances of persecution include the pogroms which preceded the First Crusade in 1096, the expulsion from England in 1290, the massacres of Spanish Jews in 1391, the persecutions of the Spanish Inquisition, the expulsion from Spain in 1492, Cossack massacres in Ukraine, various pogroms in Russia, the Dreyfus affair, the Final Solution by Hitler's Germany, official Soviet anti-Jewish policies and the Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries.

Corporate election draws support from a similar concept of corporate election found in the Old Testament and Jewish law.

Anbar was adjacent or identical to the Babylonian Jewish center of Nehardea ( Hebrew: ), and lies a short distance from the present-day town of Fallujah, formerly the Babylonian Jewish center of Pumbeditha ( Hebrew: ).

His tomb, according to a medieval Jewish tradition, is considered to be in a building not far from the Cave of the Patriarchs.

* 1948 – The Hadassah medical convoy massacre: In an ambush, 79 Jewish doctors, nurses and medical students from Hadassah Hospital and a British soldier are massacred by Arabs in Sheikh Jarra near Jerusalem.

* Portions of this article have been taken from the Jewish Encyclopedia of 1906.

Historians identify several waves of migration to the United States: one from 1815 – 1860, in which some five million English, Irish, Germanic, Scandinavian, and others from northwestern Europe came to the United States ; one from 1865 – 1890, in which some 10 million immigrants, also mainly from northwestern Europe, settled, and a third from 1890 – 1914, in which 15 million immigrants, mainly from central, eastern, and southern Europe ( many Austrian, Hungarian, Turkish, Lithuanian, Russian, Jewish, Greek, Italian, and Romanian ) settled in the United States.

Although controversial at its time, the 13 principles laid out by the 12th century Spanish Jewish philosopher Maimonides are now considered mostly normative.

The Christian censorship of the Jewish Talmud in the aftermath of the Disputation of Barcelona and during the Spanish Inquisition and Roman Inquisition, let the term spread within the Jewish classical texts, since the church censors replaced terms like Minim (" sectarians ", coined on the Christians ) with the term Epikorsim or Epicursim, meaning heretics, since the church had heavily persecuted heretics at that time.

Describing Flanders as the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium is commonplace, although Jewish groups have been speaking Yiddish in Antwerp for centuries, and Flanders ' minority residents include 170 nationalities — their larger groups speaking French, Berber, Turkish, Arabic, Spanish, Italian and Polish.

* Yehuda Halevi, prominent Medieval Spanish Jewish philosopher and poet

Yet a contemporary atmosphere of Spanish convivencia is evoked by the inclusion nobility, rogues, vagrants, young and old, men, women, Christian, Muslim, and Jewish characters.

Some more acculturated Jews in the century that followed his death, particularly in Spain, sought to apply Maimonides's Aristotelianism in ways that undercut traditionalist belief and observance, giving rise to an intellectual controversy in Spanish and southern French Jewish circles.

Certain Jewish communities, however, such as the Baladi Yemenite, Andalusian ( Western Sefardic or Spanish and Portuguese Jews ), and some Italian communities, never accepted it as authentic.

By the 15th century, its authority in the Spanish Jewish community was such that Joseph ibn Shem-Tov drew from it arguments in his attacks against Maimonides, and even representatives of non-mystical Jewish thought began to assert its sacredness and invoke its authority in the decision of some ritual questions.

* Solomon ibn Gabirol, Jewish philosopher and poet from Spanish Al-Andalus

* October 18 – Haim Shirman, Russian-born Israeli professor of medieval Spanish Jewish poetry ( d. 1981 )

Under the 1492 Alhambra Decree, Spain's Jewish population, unlike the Muslims, had already been forced to convert under threat of expulsion or even execution, becoming Marranos ( meaning " pigs " in Spanish ), or Catholics of Jewish descent.

The Spanish expeditionary of Sephardic Jewish descent, Luis Carvajal y de la Cueva negotiated with King Philip II of Spain to establish a territory in northern New Spain, which would be called Nuevo León, the " New Kingdom of León ".

Her paternal grandfather, Juan de Toledo, was a marrano ( Jewish convert to Christianity ) and was condemned by the Spanish Inquisition for allegedly returning to the Jewish faith.

* Dunash ben Labrat, Spanish Jewish commentator ( d. 990 )

Citizenship on preferential terms may be obtained after one year's residence for grandchildren of original Spanish citizens, as well as any person who can claim Sephardic Jewish ancestry.

The early period of Alfonso's reign saw the translation of selected works of magic ( Lapidario, Picatrix, Libro de las formas et las ymagenes ) all translated by a Jewish scholar named Yehuda ben Moshe ( Yhuda Mosca, in the Old Spanish source texts ).

One of the best examples of this cultural diversity is represented by the former synagogue, now the church of Corpus, and the Jewish cemetery located in " El Pinarillo " with its interpretation center in the most important Jewish palace of the Spanish aljamas, the chief accountant Meir Melamed, son-in-law and successor of Abraham Senior, chief rabbi of the Kingdom of Castile, Melamed after converting to Christianity under the name of Fernán Núñez Coronel, was alderman of the city and occupied important positions in the kingdom.