The Jews had been banished from England in 1290 and were not permitted to return before 1655, when Shakespeare had been dead for thirty-nine years.

If living Jews were unavailable for study, the Bible was at hand.

Reading the Old Testament would have shown the dramatist that the ideas attributed to Shylock were abhorrent to the Jews.

Few of the native Jews who had lived in Lublin were still in the ghetto.

Yes, he believed that the Jews were `` enemies of the Reich '', and such a belief is, of course, typical of `` patriotic '' anti-Semites ; ;

Christie occasionally inserted stereotyped descriptions of characters into her work, particularly before the end of the Second World War ( when such attitudes were more commonly expressed publicly ), and particularly in regard to Italians, Jews, and non-Europeans.

* 1991 – Crown Heights riot: Black groups target Hasidic Jews on the streets of Crown Heights in New York, New York during 3 days, after 2 black kids were struck by a car driven by a Hasidic man.

According to the Talmud, Amram promulgated the laws of marriage and divorce amongst the Jews in Egypt ; the Talmud also argues that Amram had extreme longevity, which he used to ensure that doctrines were preserved through several generations.

Some believe that this appeal “ thereby shows Christian ’ s of Luke ’ s day both that their predecessors were innocent before the state and that Paul had no political quarrel with Rome ” but rather with the Jews who were accusing him.

One of the central themes of Acts, indeed of the New Testament ( see also Great Commission ) is the universality of Christianity — the idea that Jesus's teachings were for all humanity — Jews and Gentiles alike.

The Samaritans of Samaria ( see map at Iudaea Province ), had their temple on Mount Gerizim, and along with some other differences, see Samaritanism, were in conflict with Jews of Judea and Galilee and other regions who had their Temple in Jerusalem and practiced Judaism.

Also, prior to the massive Sephardic emigrations to the Middle East in the 16th and 17th centuries, the Jewish communities of what are today Syria, Iraq, Israel, Lebanon, Egypt and Yemen were known by other Jewish communities as Musta ' arabi Jews or " like Arabs ".

The County was the only federal condominium in the 17th century where Jews were tolerated.

The Jews were directly subordinate to the governor starting in 1696 when they were forced to buy a protecting and shielding letter every 16 years from the governor.

In the 17th century, Jews were banished from Switzerland.

On 5 May 1809, the right of citizenship was granted to Jews, and they were permitted to engage in trade and agriculture.

Circumcision was forbidden, Iudaea province was renamed Syria Palaestina and Jews ( formally all circumcised men, Arabs too ) were banned from entering the city on pain of death.

Christians more often converted to Islam than Jews although there were converted Jews among the new followers of Islam.

After Kristallnacht in 1938, thousands of the city's Jews were imprisoned in the nearby Sachsenhausen concentration camp or, in early 1943, were shipped to death camps, such as Auschwitz.

Disraeli's parents were Jews whom he claimed were of Portuguese ancestry, possibly referring to an earlier origin of his family heritage in Iberia prior to the expulsion of Jews in 1492.

By 1499, however, Cardinal Francisco Jiménez de Cisneros grew frustrated with the slow pace of the efforts of Granada's first Archbishop, Fernando de Talavera, to convert non-Christians to Christianity and undertook a program of forced Christian baptisms, creating the Converso ( convert ) class for Moors and Jews.

With the Holy Land incorporated into the Ottoman empire, a slow influx of Jews performing aliyah took place, and some Sephardi kabbalists settled in Hebron.

Perhaps due to arrival of immigrants, including some Jews, in the late-19th century, Luling began a long, slow, period of growth and by 1925 the population reached 1, 500.

The systematic policy of discrimination banned Jews from rural areas and towns of fewer than ten thousand people, even within the Pale, assuring the slow death of many shtetls.

In The Destruction of the European Jews, Raul Hilberg writes, " There were ... instances when the Germans actually had to step in to restrain and slow down the pace of the Romanian measures.

He singled out Jews as a group " slow to assimilate ," a problem related to his doubts that their loyalty was directed primarily to " American institutions and people " rather than to " Jews scattered through other nations.

For many years, there was wide spread poverty among all citizens regardless of ethnicity, but especially among the unemployed Jews – for whom the help from the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee was slow in coming.

Frustration with the slow pace of Jewish acceptance into European society, and a revolutionary utopianism, led to a growing interest in proto-socialist and communist movements, especially as early socialist leaders, like Saint-Simon, preached the emancipation of the Jews.

Louis Wolsey resigned from the ACJ in 1945, but this did little to slow the activities of Berger and the ACJ, who felt that their chief purpose was to combat the influence of Zionism in the religious life of American Jews.

On his return to Hungary, Archbishop Robert of Esztergom took his kingdom under interdict and excommunicated the king's major dignitaries because Andrew insisted on the employment of Jews and Muslims in his administration.

Its subject is the Return to Zion following the close of the Babylonian captivity, and it is divided into two parts, the first telling the story of the first return of exiles in the first year of Cyrus the Great ( 538 BC ) and the completion and dedication of the new Temple in Jerusalem in the sixth year of Darius ( 515 BC ), the second telling of the subsequent mission of Ezra to Jerusalem and his struggle to purify the Jews from the sin of marriage with non-Jews.

One of his first acts was to allow those peoples exiled by the Babylonians ( the Jews, among other captive peoples ) to return to their respective homes.

The return, however, was not without problems of its own: the returnees found themselves in conflict with those Jews who had remained in the country and who now owned the land, and there were further conflicts over the form of government that should be set up.

520 BCE falls between the start of the Persian empire in 539 BCE and 520 BCE a period that saw major kings such as Zerubbabel helped lead the Jews in their return to the land.

The Book of Haggai was written in 520 BCE some 18 years after Cyrus had conquered Babylon and issued a decree in 538 BCE allowing the captive Jews to return to Judea.

Fitzmyer argues that with the return of the Jews to Rome in 54 new conflict arose between the Gentile Christians and the Jewish Christians who had formerly been expelled.

It speaks of the urge of Jews to return to their ancient homeland:

For example, Jews who have converted under duress may be permitted to return to Judaism " without any action on their part but their desire to rejoin the Jewish community " and " A proselyte who has become an apostate remains, nevertheless, a Jew ".

During this time, in anticipation of Yom Kippur, it is " exceedingly appropriate " for Jews to practice teshuvah ( literally " return "), an examination of one's deeds and repentance for sins one has committed against other people and God.

The Qur ' an states Jesus the Son of Mary ( Arabic: Isa ibn Maryum ) is the Messiah or " Prophet " sent to the Jews, and Muslims believe Jesus is alive in Heaven and will return to Earth to defeat the Antichrist ( Arabic: Dajjal ).

Cyrus allows the Jews to return to Yehud Medinata and rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem.

He gives the Jews permission to return to Yehud province and to rebuild the Temple ; but most Jews choose to remain in Babylon.

As monotheists, Jews and Christians have traditionally been considered " People of The Book ," and afforded a special status known as dhimmi derived from a theoretical contract-" dhimma " or " residence in return for taxes ".

Zionism supports Jews upholding their Jewish identity and opposes the assimilation of Jews into other societies and has advocated the return of Jews to Israel as a means for Jews to be liberated from anti-Semitic discrimination, exclusion, and persecution that has occurred in other societies.

Jews would not return to Hebron until after the Six Day War in 1967.

* Jews are allowed to return to France and England.

* February 28-In the aftermath of the 1613 – 1614 anti-Jewish pogrom called the Fettmilch Uprising, in Frankfurt, Germany, mob leader Vincenz Fettmilch is beheaded, but the Jews, who had been expelled from the city on August 23, 1614, following the plundering of the Judengasse, can only return as a result of direct intervention by Holy Roman Emperor Matthias.

Some Jews appear to have lived there after the return from the Babylonian exile, however.