He essentially serves as Julian's voice of critique for Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, Augustus, Marcus Aurelius ( whom he reveres as a fellow philosopher-king ), and Constantine I.

*** Julian's loyalists proclaimed him Augustus in 360, but he did not fully assume the purple until Constantius II's death in November 361

Alypius was afterwards commissioned to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem as part of Julian's systematic attempt to reverse the Christianization of the Roman Empire by restoring pagan and, in this case, Jewish practices.

In 360 this was reversed through the Metropolitan's court influence and Cyril suffered another year's exile from Jerusalem until the Emperor Julian's accession allowed him to return.

Constantius accepted Julian's report of events and Marcellus was replaced as magister equitum by Severus.

This was Julian's first experience with civil administration, where his views were influenced by his liberal education in Greece.

Julian's first priority, as Caesar and nominal ranking commander in Gaul, was to drive out the barbarians who had breached the Rhine frontier.

Notably absent at the time was the prefect Florentius, who was usually never far from Julian's side, though now he was kept busy organizing supplies in Vienne and away from any strife that the order could cause.

Another effect of Julian's political philosophy was that the authority of the cities was expanded at the expense of the imperial bureaucracy as Julian sought to reduce direct imperial involvement in urban affairs.

The other, more surprising choice was Nevitta, Julian's trusted Frankish general.

Julian's ascetic lifestyle was not popular either, since his subjects were accustomed to the idea of an all-powerful Emperor who placed himself well above them.

There is no evidence that Julian's corpse was skinned and displayed, and it is likely that the illustrator simply confused the fate of Julian's body with that of Emperor Valerian ( emperor ) | Valerian.

Fourteen years later, Libanius said that Julian was killed by a Saracen ( Lakhmid ) and this may have been confirmed by Julian's doctor Oribasius who, having examined the wound, said that it was from a spear used by a group of Lakhmid auxiliaries in Persian service.

As he had requested, Julian's body was buried in Tarsus.

Julian's personal religion was both pagan and philosophical ; he viewed the traditional myths as allegories, in which the ancient gods were aspects of a philosophical divinity.

Bowersock in particular ), Julian's paganism was highly eccentric and atypical because it was heavily influenced by an esoteric approach to Platonic philosophy sometimes identified as theurgy and also Neoplatonism.

Others ( Rowland Smith, in particular ) have argued that Julian's philosophical perspective was nothing unusual for a " cultured " pagan of his time, and, at any rate, that Julian's paganism was not limited to philosophy alone, and that he was deeply devoted to the same gods and goddesses as other pagans of his day.

Now Tas-Sliema and the coastline up to neighbouring St. Julian's constitutes Malta's main coastal resort ; as a result, Tas-Sliema has been ringed with modern apartment blocks and become engorged with traffic in recent decades causing protest from the Sliema Residents Association.

In February 360, Constantius II ordered more than half of Julian's Gallic troops to his eastern army, the orders by-passing Julian and going directly to the military commanders.

Rolf, their leader and Julian's husband, is hostile, but the others — Miriam ( a former midwife ), Gascoigne ( a man from a military family ), Luke ( a former priest ), and Julian — are more personable.

Julian's ultimate aim seems to have been " regime change " by replacing king Shapur II with his brother Hormisdas.

In 1979 an annotated edition of Julian's work was published, and after this her book was widely sold and discussed, at a time of renewed spiritual searching by many.

( See Jesus as Mother by Carolyn Walker Bynum ) Julian's revelation revealed that God is our mother as much as He is our father.

3 ) says that from the point reached by Julian's army to the shores of the Persian Gulf was one continuous forest of verdure.

Similarly it was not possible to arrive in Amber by traveling in Shadow, which is why the sea patrols and Julian's force in Arden were effective.

In the year AD 363, the Emperor Julian's invasion of Persia was turned back by a scorched earth policy:

She was informed, by her mother Vanessa, just prior to her marriage and shortly after her brother Julian's death that in fact Duncan Grant was her biological father.

The third line consisted of a defensive perimeter with 3 km, from Paço de Arcos to the Tower of Junqueira, protecting a beach of embarcation ( St. Julian's ) about 27 km to the south of the second line, to be protected by British marines.

The novel is told partly in first-person narration by the main character, Julian Class, and partly by an anonymous third-person narrator, who is able to comment on aspects of Julian's personality and background.

Worried that white students would resent being taught by an African American, Harvard withdrew Julian's teaching assistantship.

Their schemes are often complicated by vindictive trailer park supervisor Jim Lahey, and his perpetually shirtless assistant, Randy, as Ricky and Julian's incompetence competes with Lahey's own ineptitude.

Based on the record of Julian's close ties with certain leading men from Epirus involved in the Empire-wide cultural circuit led by Libanios and Themistios, it appears that Christianity was not widespread in Epirus in the mid-4th century, but after his death it spread far and wide in the region, judging from legislation issued by Valentinian in 371 and 372, trying to offset some of the negative effects its rapid spread, and the fact that there is no written record of the bishops of the cities of Epiros until the 5th century, except for the Bishop of Nicopolis in 343.

It is a residential area just 15 minutes by bus from Tas-Sliema and within striking distance of Malta's nightlife and entertainment centres, Paceville and St. Julian's.

Lennon bought Julian a Gibson Les Paul guitar and a drum machine for Christmas in 1973, and encouraged Julian's interest in music by showing him some chords.

Taken together, the evidence of the Calendar of Filocalus and Julian's hymn to Helios clearly shows, according to Hijmans and others, that the ludi of October 19 – 22 were the Solar Games instituted by Aurelian.

Athanasius left for Upper Egypt, remaining there until Julian's death in 363.

In the turmoil after the death of Constantine in 337, in order to establish himself as sole emperor, Julian's zealous Arian Christian cousin Constantius II led a massacre of most of Julian's close relatives.

He will remain in exile in Upper Egypt until after Julian's death next year.

At the news of Julian's death, the army hastily declared a commander, Jovian, emperor.

The latter is said to have been offered the purple, but declined it, after Julian's untimely death.

When the council allowed Egica to abandon his wife but only partially rescinded the oath to protect Erwig's children, Ergica waited until Julian's death ( 690 ) to call a second provincial council of Tarraconensis, which resulted in Erwig's widow, Liuvigoto, being sent to a convent.