Among Keynes's Bloomsbury friends, Lopokova was, at least initially, subjected to criticism for her manners, mode of conversation and supposedly humble social origins – the latter of the ostensible causes being particularly noted in the letters of Vanessa and Clive Bell, and Virginia Woolf.

Keynes convinced Wood that he should abandon the orthodox Treasury doctrine that Chancellors ' budgets were purely to regulate governmental revenue and expenditure ; Wood, despite some misgivings on Churchill's part, adopted Keynes's conception of using national income accounting to control the economy.

However, while Keynes's formulation of a liquidity trap refers to the existence of a horizontal demand curve for money at some positive level of interest rates, the liquidity trap invoked in the 1990s referred merely to the presence of zero interest rates ( ZIRP ), the assertion being that since interest rates could not fall below zero, monetary policy would prove impotent in those conditions, just as it was asserted to be in a proper exposition of a liquidity trap.

More to Friedman's taste was the Tract on Monetary Reform ( 1923 ), which he regarded as Keynes's best work because of its focus on maintaining domestic price stability.

In Simon Keynes's view, " it was he, more than any other, who secured the political fortune of his people in the 9th century, and who opened up channels of communication which led through the Frankish realms and across the Alps to Rome.

Post-Keynesian economists are united in maintaining that Keynes's theory is seriously misrepresented by the two other principal Keynesian schools: neo-Keynesian economics which was orthodox in the 1950s and 60s – and by New Keynesian economics, which together with various strands of neoclassical economics has been dominant in mainstream macroeconomics since the 1980s.

Another of his enduring works is The Failure of the New Economics ( 1959 ), a detailed, chapter-by-chapter critique of John Maynard Keynes's highly influential General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, about which he paraphrased a quote attributed to Samuel Johnson, that he was " unable to find in it a single doctrine that is both true and original.

What made the General Theory so radical was Keynes's proof that it was possible for a free market economy to settle into states in which workers and machines remained idle for prolonged periods of time ....

Post-Keynesian economics can be seen as an attempt to rebuild economic theory in the light of Keynes's ideas and insights.

Keynes's relationship and later close friendship with Macmillan was to be fortuitous ; through Dan, Macmillan & Co first published his Economic Consequences of the Peace.

Wicksell's theory would be a strong influence in Keynes's ideas of growth and recession,

The results were considered to be consistent with Keynes's theory.

Also in 1931, Hayek critiqued Keynes's Treatise on Money ( 1930 ) in his " Reflections on the pure theory of Mr. J. M. Keynes " and published his lectures at the LSE in book form as Prices and Production.

Keynes's economic thinking only began to achieve close to universal acceptance in the last few years of his life.

On a personal level, Keynes's charm was such that he was generally well received wherever he went – even those who found themselves on the wrong side of his occasionally sharp tongue rarely bore a grudge.

Keynes's speech at the closing of the Bretton Woods negotiations was received with a lasting standing ovation, rare in international relations, as delegates acknowledged the scale of his achievements made despite poor health.

Austrian School economist Friedrich Hayek was Keynes's most prominent contemporary critic, with sharply opposing views on the economy.

In 1931 Friedrich Hayek extensively critiqued Keynes's 1930 Treatise on Money.

Hayek felt that application of Keynes's policies would give too much power to the state and would lead to socialism.

He was among the first reviewers to argue that Keynes's General Theory was not a general theory, but was in fact a special case.

After Keynes's death Schumpeter wrote a brief biographical piece called Keynes the Economist – on a personal level he was very positive about Keynes as a man ; praising his pleasant nature, courtesy and kindness.

Yet Schumpeter remained critical about Keynes's economics, linking Keynes's childlessness to what Schumpeter saw as an essentially short term view.

Keynes's early romantic and sexual relationships were almost exclusively with men.

One of Keynes's greatest loves was the artist Duncan Grant, whom he met in 1908.

Keynes's personal interest in classical opera and dance led him to support the Royal Opera House at Covent Garden and the Ballet Company at Sadler's Wells.

At Keynes's death, in 1946, his worth stood just short of £ 500, 000 – equivalent to about £ 11 million ($ 16. 5 million ) in 2009.

Both of Keynes's parents outlived him: father John Neville Keynes ( 1852 – 1949 ) by three years, and mother Florence Ada Keynes ( 1861 – 1958 ) by 12 years.

Keynes's brother Sir Geoffrey Keynes ( 1887 – 1982 ) was a distinguished surgeon, scholar and bibliophile.

Also Lucy and Winslow had a private contest to see which one could make the most words from the letters in `` importunately ''.

Hunter S. Thompson's Fear and Loathing in America: The Brutal Odyssey of an Outlaw Journalist, which contains hundreds of private letters written by Thompson over the years, contains a letter in which he uses A Modest Proposals satire technique against the Vietnam War.

Nietzsche cites his affinities to Epicurus in a number of his works, including The Gay Science, Beyond Good and Evil, and his private letters to Peter Gast.

Though both men professed ' sadness ' at having to do this, private conversations and letters show them both perfectly happy to sacrifice their " blue-eyed German ".

In 1932, Hayek suggested that private investment in the public markets was a better road to wealth and economic coordination in Britain than government spending programs, as argued in a letter he co-signed with Lionel Robbins and others in an exchange of letters with John Maynard Keynes in The Times.

Recuperating at Swarthmoor, he began dictating what would be published after his death as his journal and devoted his time to his written output: letters, both public and private, as well as books and essays.

Hundreds of Fox's letters — mostly intended for wide circulation, along with a few private communications — were also published.

His letters provide detailed information about an important period in Roman history and offer a vivid picture of the public and private life among the Roman governing class.

He wrote letters to Stalin pleading for forgiveness and rehabilitation, but through wiretaps of Bukharin's private conversations with Stalin's enemies, Stalin knew Bukharin's repentance was insincere.

Including many of his private letters and personal memoranda at archive. org

Historian Richard Altick writes that " To judge from the number of references to it in the private letters and memoirs of the 1840s ... Punch had become a household word within a year or two of its founding, beginning in the middle class and soon reaching the pinnacle of society, royalty itself ".

They were assembled by order of archbishop Lullus, Boniface's successor in Mainz, and were initially organized into two parts, a section containing the papal correspondence and another with his private letters.

The 39 categories of melakhah are: ploughing earth, sowing, reaping, binding sheaves, threshing, winnowing, selecting, grinding, sifting, kneading, baking, shearing wool, washing wool, beating wool, dyeing wool, spinning, weaving, making two loops, weaving two threads, separating two threads, tying, untying, sewing stitches, tearing, trapping, slaughtering, flaying, tanning, scraping hide, marking hides, cutting hide to shape, writing two or more letters, erasing two or more letters, building, demolishing, extinguishing a fire, kindling a fire, putting the finishing touch on an object and transporting an object between the private domain and the public domain, or for a distance of 4 cubits within the public domain.

Later, as president, Jefferson proposed in private letters beginning in 1803 a policy that under Andrew Jackson would be called Indian removal, under an act passed in 1830.

But during World War II, IBM subsidiaries in occupied Europe never stopped delivery of punch cards to Dehomag, and documents uncovered show that senior executives at IBM world headquarters in New York took great pains to maintain legal authority over Dehomag's operations and assets through the personal intervention of IBM managers in neutral Switzerland, directed via personal communications and private letters.

In 1864, his patron Congressman Elihu B. Washburne used Grant's private letters as campaign literature for Lincoln's reelection.

The word Unitarian had been circulating in private letters in England, in reference to imported copies of such publications as the Library of the Polish Brethren who are called Unitarians ( 1665 ), Henry Hedworth was the first to use the word " Unitarian " in print in English ( 1673 ), and the word first appears in a title in Stephen Nye's A brief history of the Unitarians, called also Socinians ( 1687 ).

Over the next eleven years Vesalius traveled with the court, treating injuries from battle or tournaments, performing pastes and postmortems, and writing private letters addressing specific medical questions.

Harding has been one of the most historically challenging American Presidents in terms of finding private letters and paper documents.

When it was admitted that his private letters had indeed been opened, and its contents revealed by the Foreign Office to the Austrian and Neapolitan governments, Mazzini gained popularity and support among the British liberals, who were outraged by such a blatant intrusion of the government into his private correspondence.

The Heyerdahl Archives span the years 1937 to 2002 and include his photographic collection, diaries, private letters, expedition plans, articles, newspaper clippings, original book and article manuscripts.

He maintained contact with these other monasteries above all through his prodigious literary output ( letters as well as catechisms ), which reached a quantitative peak at this time, and developed a system of messengers that was so elaborate as to resemble a private postal service.